scholarly journals Female Assertion as an Antidote to Male Dominance: Mother Archetypes in Achebe’s Novels—Things Fall Apart, No Longer at Ease, and A Man of the People

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Mutuku Muneeni
Keyword(s):  
Women Characters ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Gender Balance ◽  
The People ◽  
Archetypal Criticism ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Things Fall Apart ◽  
Intense Debate

There has been an intense debate with regards to Chinua Achebe’s (mis)representation of women in his creative works, especially his first four novels. Some scholars have argued that Achebe is a patriarchal writer who has relegated women to the periphery. Nevertheless, a few have read subtle nuances of gender balance in his works. This paper is a continuation of this debate. Specifically, it argues that Achebe has created Mother Archetypes in his novels and if the same is not recognized, he will continue to be demonized as a gender insensitive writer. The unit of analysis is three of the five Achebe’s novels namely: Things Fall Apart, No Longer at Ease, and A Man of the People. The paper interrogates the aforementioned novels within the framework of archetypal criticism, with the aim of unearthing and examining Mother Archetypes inherent in them. The paper identifies religion, education, and justice as the spheres of life in which Achebe has created, empowered and elevated Mother Archetypes to be at par with their male counterparts. However, owing to the breadth of the subject, the paper dwells on education. The paper concludes that creation of empowered Mother Archetypes in Achebe’s novels is a symbolic relay in which women characters hand in the symbolic empowerment baton to the next woman in the next novel until the last one where the creation of a woman major character, Beatrice, wins the race against male dominance.

scholarly journals Zionism, Colonialism, and Post-colonial Migrations: Moroccan Jews’ Memories of Displacement

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 338-351
Author(s):  
Yolande Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Religious Communities ◽  
Cultural Education ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
Intense Debate

The emigration of Jews from Morocco to Israel, in particular, is the subject of intense debate among historians, signaling the difficulty of telling a unified story of this moment. I want to contribute to this debate by showing that the combining and often opposing forces of Colonialism and Zionism were the main factors that triggered these migrations, in a period of rising Moroccan nationalism. But those forces were also seen as opportunities by some migrants to seize the moment to better their fate and realize their dreams. If we cannot assess every migrant story, I want here to suggest through my family’s experience and memory and other collected oral histories, how we could intertwine those memories to a larger narrative to shed more light on this history. The push and pull forces that led to Moroccan Jewry’s migrations and post-colonial circulations between the 1940s and 1960s were the result of a reordering of the complex relationships between the different ethnic and religious communities well before the migration took place. The departures of the people interviewed for this study are inscribed in both the collective and family dynamics, but were organized in secret, away from the gaze of the others, particularly that of non-Jewish neighbors. Their belonging to a sector of the colonial world, while still prevalent in their narratives, is blurred by another aspect of post-colonial life in Morocco, that is the cultural/education nexus. Depending on where one has been educated and socialized, the combined effects of Colonialism and Zionism strongly impacted the time of their departures and the places they went to.

scholarly journals Gender Discrimination in the Media of Eastern Europe: A Historical and Comparative Aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Khamedova ◽  
◽  
Oksana Zhuravska ◽  
Olena Rosinska ◽  
Vitaliy Gandziuk
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Gender Balance ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Gender Asymmetry ◽  
Significant Attention

The research analyzes a topical issue of gender balance in media in its historical cutoff. The authors consider imbalance regarding the gender of the key figures in publications as one of indicators of latent discrimination. The subject of the content-analysis is Globus, an illustrated magazine published in Kyiv in 1923-1935. This progressive periodical paid significant attention to the issue of female emancipation; that is why its research is also demonstrative for studying the diachrony of a gender stereotypization phenomenon. The purpose of the content analysis was to determine the qualitative indicators with respect to distribution between verbal and visual women’s and men’s images in this magazine as a material indicator of worldview stereotypization. As the research results show, Globus had extremely low rate concerning the women’s representation in text materials (15%) and illustrations (18%). Correspondingly, the ratio of women’s and men’s images in total amounts to 1:5. Moreover, a tendency to gender asymmetry in 1930’s only increased, since the quantity of men’s representations in the magazine of 1932 reached almost 90% and women’s ones decreased respectively. Thus, the comparison of women’s and men’s images already amounted to 1:7, i.d. gender disproportion grew up. The data received have been compared with the monitoring results of current media content related to the compliance with gender balance; that allowed specification and analysis of main tendencies in representation of women and men in the media discourse in the beginning of XX and XXI centuries.

scholarly journals Gender Representation of Women in Lezgin Folk Proverbs and Sayings

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-435
Author(s):  
Aida R. Gasharova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
The People ◽  
Female Image ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Development Paths ◽  
Gender Factor

The article deals with the question of the abstract understanding of the cultural representation of women in Lezgin folklore. Attention is paid to the ideas concerning gender stereotypes that differ in various ethnic cultures, in connection with which the need to consider the sociocultural aspect for the display of the gender factor in Lezgin proverbs and sayings is revealed. The question is raised about the specific features, according to which the image of a woman, presented in Lezgin paremias, mainly represents negatively connotated gender stereotypes. It is noted that the influence of the “other” class ideology is manifested inconsistently and sometimes selectively because in Lezgin folklore, along with proverbs with a negative image of women, directly opposite texts with a positive image coexisted. In the article, special attention is paid to aphorisms in which a negative image of a woman and features of the manifestation of gender stereotypes in Lezgin culture emerge. The novelty of the study is seen in the fact that this position has practically not been considered before and has not been studied on the basis of the Lezgin paremias. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the study of folk paremias with the identification features of the female image on specific factual material and the establishment of development paths and the reasons for the existence of this thematic group is currently the subject of increased attention among folklorists, linguists, culturologists, etc. The author dwells on the identification of the socio-cultural aspect of the standard and distinctive indicators of the female image. It is demonstrated that in order to display gender stereotypes, one should take into account the national identity of the people and also determine the place and role of women in the structure of family, family relationships and in society.

Need of Human Rights as a Better Way of Life

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Tushar Kadian
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Made In

Actually, basic needs postulates securing of the elementary conditions of existence to every human being. Despite of the practical and theoretical importance of the subject the greatest irony is non- availability of any universal preliminary definition of the concept of basic needs. Moreover, this becomes the reason for unpredictability of various political programmes aiming at providing basic needs to the people. The shift is necessary for development of this or any other conception. No labour reforms could be made in history till labours were treated as objects. Its only after they were started being treating as subjects, labour unions were allowed to represent themselves in strategy formulations that labour reforms could become a reality. The present research paper highlights the basic needs of Human Rights in life.

Etos Kerja Islam Dan Ketahanan Usaha Kerajinan Tangan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ubaidillah ◽  
Misbahul Khoir
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
The People ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Village ◽  
Collection Methods

The objectives of research include; first, to describe what local Islamic working ethos are as the basis for the resilience of songkok, whip and slap handicraft businesses in Serah Panceng Gresik Village. Second, to describe the resilience of the songkok, whip and slap handicraft business in the village of Serah Panceng Gresik. This study is a qualitative-descriptive study with the aim of understanding the phenomena experienced by the subject of research including behavior, perception, motivation, and action holistically by utilizing various scientific methods. Data collection methods include; Observation, In-depth Interview or Focus Group Discussion, Documentation. Data analysis techniques include: processing and preparing data for analysis, reading the entire data, analyzing in more detail by coding data, considering detailed instructions that can help the coding process, giving descriptions that will be presented in the report, interpreting and interpreting data. The results showed that in Serah Village local Islamic working ethos were preserved by the community, such as alms giving, reading dziba', reading tahlil, attending haul akbar, and reading sholawat together every Friday. Although in the tradition it does not involve songkok, whip, and slap directly, there is a good impact to support the resilience of songkok, but not whip, and slap production. Religious rituals by praying together asking Allah to facilitate and carry out business in production songkok, whip, and slap are an expression of gratitude for what God gave to the people of Serah Village. All economic activity done by Serah community is meant to get God’s willing. Keywords: Islamic Working Ethos, Handicraft Businesses

Construction of an Achievement Test in General Science for Class IX Based on NCERT Syllabus

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sailendra Bhuyan ◽  
Punita Borpuzari Deori
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
General Science ◽  
School Students ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Teaching Learning

Achievement test is of very important assessment tool to evaluate the student’s current level of knowledge and skill acquired from classroom instruction. This test is designed to evaluate the student’s level of achievement in a particular subject for a particular class prescribed under the board or the university. In other words, to assess how much the pupils have achieved the educational objectives in teaching learning process at the end of the course and if achieved then to what extent, it has been achieved. Achievement tests are proved to be very helpful in various ways to the people who are involved in the field of education such as the teachers, the administrators, the planners, to the parents as well as for the students. The teacher very carefully develops and conduct achievement test in the class which enable the teacher to get an overall idea of the progress or the level of achievement of his students in the subject area. The teacher can determine the pupil’s strength and weakness in the subject area. So, based on this the teacher can take necessary remedial instructional strategies for the betterment of the pupil’s progress. In the same time, it also provides feedback for the teaching efficiency of the teacher.As with the time changes there have been many educational reforms taken place and in between syllabus had also been changed under different Boards of Studies. In order to maintain uniform standard of education the Government has formulated a policy to implement NCERT syllabus common to all School Boards throughout the country and accordingly the State Board of Secondary Education, Assam (SEBA) follow NCERT syllabus and to evaluate students’ achievement in terms of the policy formulated by the Board. Till now, no any standardized achievement test has been conducted for the secondary school students of Assam. Therefore, the investigators felt to construct and standardize an achievement test in the subject General Science which will definitely help in educational research.

scholarly journals Gender Affirmative Action and Management: A Systematic Literature Review on How Diversity and Inclusion Management Affect Gender Equity in Organizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Julia V. Furtado ◽  
António C. Moreira ◽  
Jorge Mota
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Equal Employment Opportunity ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
Prior Experiences

Gender affirmative action (AA) in management remains a controversial topic among scholars, practitioners, and employees. While some individuals may support the use of AA policies as a means of increasing representation of women, others are not supportive at all, further understanding gender AA as an unacceptable violation of merit—even when targeted by it. With the aim of analyzing how scholars have approached the subject, we systematically reviewed 76 published articles (SCOPUS database), covering the extant literature on gender AA and management. Findings indicate a consensus regarding the common antecedents of attitudes towards gender AA with prior experiences with AA and diversity management (DM) (as well as general perceptions of AA). Performance and satisfaction appear as the predominant outcomes. In addition, while investigating the differences among AA, equal employment opportunity (EEO) and diversity management (DM), scholars are mainly focused on the effectiveness of AA as a means of increasing the inclusion of minorities in general. We conclude that despite marginal studies on employees’ attitudes toward gender AA, there is a gap in the literature, particularly an absence of research on the bivalent position of meritocracy (or merit violation) as both an antecedent and outcome of attitudes towards AA, which deserves further scrutiny.

Appropriation redux: Re-reading George Ryga through Jeannette Armstrong

2020 ◽  
pp. 002198942097099
Author(s):  
Kit Dobson
Keyword(s):  
The People ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Jeannette Armstrong ◽  
George Ryga ◽  
Alliance Building ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Indigenous Voices ◽  
Literary Circles

This article considers ways in which solidarity across social locations might play a role in fostering resistance to vulnerability. My case study consists of the interplay between writer George Ryga’s 1967 play The Ecstasy of Rita Joe, and Okanagan Syilx writer and scholar Jeannette Armstrong’s 1985 novel Slash. While these important and compelling texts have received considerable critical attention, the relationship between them is less known. I am interested in the ways in which these works both hail and offer critique to one another. In the contemporary moment, in which questions of appropriation of voice have gained renewed urgency within Indigenous literary circles in Canada and beyond, the relationship between these texts speaks to a historical instance of appropriation, but also of complicated processes of alliance-building. These texts demonstrate how agency resides across multiple locations. I read Ryga’s Ecstasy in the context of Jeannette Armstrong’s engagement with the play within her novel Slash in order to witness the ways in which Ryga’s text, in the first instance, appropriates Indigenous voices into an anti-capitalist critique. In the second instance, I read these works in order to witness how they might simultaneously provide a compelling analysis of the vulnerability of the people who are the subject of both works. I compare the interplay between Armstrong and Ryga’s texts to contemporary debates around appropriation in order to argue for the historical and ongoing importance of these two works as precursors to the crucial interventions made by contemporary Indigenous critics and writers.

Tendency of mass people to misunderstand (intentionally or not) the agony of the psychiatric patient and tormenting them as a subject of mockery with an emphasize on somatic-symptom disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deep Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Somatic Symptom Disorder ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
The People ◽  
Pain And Suffering ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Affected Subject

Psychiatric disorders’ or as emphasized in the paper in the form of somatic-symptom disorder, a sub-category of Schizophrenia has been from the ancient of the human civilization, when the medicinal approach and treatment of the subject hasn’t been developed yet, the notion of the affected subject to be under some spiritual subjugation has automatically been implied on the minds of the people which leads to immense torture and torment of the subject by the society. However, in the modern medical scenario, the situation has shifted from spiritual/evilness to the extreme derision where it has been already implied on the healthy societies brain that, the subject is intentionally acting like a patient or it’s a ‘disease of the mind’ with no associated physical pain which being attributed to the tendency of late diagnosis and recovery, makes the subject a sheer block of ‘sarcasm’ among the healthy society where they tries their best to make ‘the fun out of him’ as regards to his continuous pain and suffering. This generally amplified by the delay in the starting of the treatment for the difficulty of the doctors to diagnose the disease, as not so developed instruments are still in their infancy to detect and derelict the mental disorders, where in most of the time, the golden period of diagnosis is either over or even if psychiatric treatment is initiated can lead to a more defocused effects as doctors itself finds it difficult to approach the right medicine to the disordered person, where, in case, they have to go from one doctor to another in the risk of a trial and error effect.

Women and Temporality in Literature and Cinema

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ila Ahlawat
Keyword(s):  
Women Characters ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
The Subject

Women and Temporality in Literature and Cinema delves into the subject of literary and cinematic women characters entrapped in temporal spaces and their peculiar communication with visibility, enclosure, space, and time in the context of sexual and temporal discord. It explores subjects such as youth, ageing, remembering, forgetting, and repeating within the larger realm of gendered temporalities that are essentially nuanced and affective experiences. Throughout, this book seeks to locate and spell out the damaging as well as the healing effects of temporality upon women’s consciousness.

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