scholarly journals Evaluation of Two Commercial Kits for Rapid Detection and Typing of Carbapenemase in Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Commercial Kits

scholarly journals A comparative evaluation of two chromogenic media for surveillance of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales with non-carbapenemase-producing or carbapenemase-producing strains other than blaKPC: blaGES-5, blaNDM-1 or blaVIM-2

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
Chang-Hun Park
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Contact Precaution ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CREs) are an emerging problem associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. CREs are divided into two categories (carbapenemase-producing [CP] CRE and non-CP CRE). The most prevalent carbapenemase produced by Enterobacterales is Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) in Korea. Rapid identification of CREs is clinically important in infection control precaution. We compared the performance of two chromogenic media (chromID CARBA agar and CHROMagar KPC agar) for non-CP CREs or CP CREs with blaGES-5, blaNDM-1 or blaVIM-2 in a Korean hospital. Methods The study was carried out during a 3-month period from April to June 2017 during the surveillance program for CRE colonization. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed at the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results A total of 45 rectal swabs from 42 hospitalized patients were examined. Sensitivity of both chromID CARBA and CHROMagar KPC were 100% for CP CREs; and 50% and 100% for non-CP CREs, respectively. Specificity of chromID CARBA and CHROMagar KPC were 89.2% and 70.3% for CP CRE, respectively; and 76.9% and 66.7% for non-CP CRE, respectively. Conclusions The CHROMagar KPC is useful to monitor non-CP and CP CREs. The chromID CARBA is efficient for rapid detection of CP CREs requiring high contact precaution.

scholarly journals MPT64 assays for the rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun-Jie Cao ◽  
Ya-Ping Li ◽  
Jia-Ying Wang ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Xu-Guang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Funnel Plot ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Technology ◽  
Commercial Kits

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). An estimated 1.7 billion people worldwide are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (LTBI) during the incubation period without any obvious symptoms. Because of MTB’s high infection and mortality rates, there is an urgent need to develop a fast, portable, and sensitive diagnostic technology for its detection. Methods We included research from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase and extracted the data. MetaDisc and STATA were used to build forest plots, Deek’s funnel plot, Fagan plot, and bivariate boxplot for analysis. Results Forty-six articles were analyzed, the results of which are as follows: sensitivity and specificity were 0.92 (0.91–0.93) and 0.95 (0.94–0.95) respectively. The NLR and PLR were 0.04 (95% CI 0.03–0.07) and 25.32 (95% CI 12.38–51.78) respectively. DOR was 639.60 (243.04–1683.18). The area under the SROC curve (AUC) was 0.99. Conclusions MPT64 exhibits good diagnostic efficiency for MTB. There is no obvious heterogeneity between the three commercial kits.

scholarly journals 2175. Rapid Detection of Carbapenemase Producing Organisms Directly from Blood Cultures Positive for Gram-Negative Bacilli

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S738-S738
Author(s):  
William Stokes ◽  
Johann Pitout ◽  
Lorraine Campbell ◽  
Deirdre Church ◽  
Dan Gregson
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Direct Testing ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Health Zone ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background The rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPOs) directly from blood cultures (BC) positive for Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) may accelerate the appropriate treatment of at-risk patients. Our objective was to evaluate the performance of two commercial assays in the rapid detection of CPOs directly from BC positive for GNB. Methods BC positive for GNB, taken from patients within the Calgary Health Zone over a 3 month period, were tested for the presence of CPOs with βCARBA® and NG-Test® CARBA 5. A subset of sterile BC samples was seeded with multi-drug-resistant (MDR) GNB. BC were incubated using the Bact-Alert™ system. Positive BC from clinical and seeded samples was tested directly with βCARBA and CARBA 5 from BC pellets processed for direct testing using an ammonium chloride lysis and wash method. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals for binomial proportions. Results 65 samples were tested (30 clinical, 35 seeded). Seeded samples included 1 GES, 4 IMP, 6 KPC, 1 co-producing KPC and NDM, 9 OXA, 4 VIM, 5 NDM, and 5 non-CPO carbapenem-resistant organisms. βCARBA had a sensitivity, specificity, NPV and PPV of 100% (88.4% - 100%), 65.7% (47.8–80.9%), 100%, and 71.4% (61.3%–79.8%), respectively. CARBA 5 had a sensitivity, specificity, NPV and PPV of 90.0% (73.5%–97.9%), 100% (90.0%–100%), 92.1% (80.0%–97.2%), and 100%. When excluding GES, which is known not to be detected by CARBA 5, sensitivity and NPV increased to 93.1% (77.2%–99.2%) and 93.1% (78.0%–98.1%), respectively. False negatives for βCARBA occurred with 1 VIM-1 and IMP-14. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the detection of CPOs directly from positive BC can be accurately achieved. βCARBA had excellent sensitivity but suffered from poor specificity. CARBA 5 had good sensitivity and specificity but is unable to detect certain CPOs. Testing positive BC directly using βCARBA and/or CARBA 5 may be useful in rapidly detecting CPOs. Results of direct testing from the CARBA5 assay would quickly identify patients amenable to treatment with avibactam combination compounds. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals A Recombinase Aided Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of the Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase Gene and Its Characteristics in Klebsiella pneumoniae

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Yanling Feng ◽  
Hanqing Zhao ◽  
Chao Yan ◽  
Junxia Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Fecal Carriage ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene ◽  
Amplification Assay

Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase genes (blaKPC) play an important role in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in China. A rapid detection method for blaKPC genes and investigations into the molecular characteristics of blaKPC positive Klebsiella pneumoniae were necessary. In this study, an easy and rapid recombinase aided amplification assay (RAA) for blaKPC was established. This protocol could be completed at 39°C in 15–20 min. The sensitivity of this assay was determined as 48 copies per reaction, and the specificity was 100%. The blaKPC RAA method could be used for clinical diagnosis and epidemiological investigation. Among 801 fecal samples from inpatients, 34 blaKPC positive isolates were identified from each sample, of which 23 isolates were K. pneumoniae. ST11 with blaKPC-2 was the most prevalent type. All these strains were multidrug resistant and carried various virulence genes. Fecal carriage of blaKPC positive carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae poses significant challenges for public health control.

scholarly journals Verification of the performance of the BD MAX Check-Points CPO Assay on clinical isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Hae-Sun Chung ◽  
Miae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene ◽  
Check Points ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Objectives The BD MAX Check-Points CPO Assay (BD MAX CPO Assay; BD, The Netherlands) is a diagnostic test designed for the rapid detection and differentiation of the bla KPC, bla NDM, bla VIM/bla IMP-1, and bla OXA-48 genes. We verified the performance of the BD MAX CPO Assay to implement it in the clinical laboratory. Methods A total of 113 bacterial isolates collected from various clinical specimens harboring carbapenemase genes as confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were evaluated. The results of the BD MAX CPO Assay were compared to previously confirmed results. Results All results of the BD MAX CPO Assay were concordant with previous results; 61 Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), 40 New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM), three oxacillinase-48 (OXA-48)-like, two imipenem (IMP), and four multiple carbapenemase genes (one KPC/NDM, three NDM/OXA) were detected by the BD MAX CPO Assay. Three non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates were negative. Conclusions The BD MAX CPO Assay can be used to identify carbapenemase gene in bacterial isolates cultured from clinical specimens in the clinical laboratory.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Immunochromatographic NG-Test Carba 5, RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V., and IMP K-SeT for Rapid Detection of KPC-, NDM-, IMP-, VIM-type, and OXA-48-like Carbapenemase Among Enterobacterales

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renru Han ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Mingjia Peng ◽  
Qingyu Shi ◽  
Shi Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Reference Strains

BackgroundEnterobacterales are the most common pathogens for nosocomial infections. The emergence and spread of KPC, NDM, and OXA-48-like carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales with their extensively drug-resistant characteristics have posed great threats to public health. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of NG-test Carba 5, RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V., and IMP K-SeT for rapid detection of five carbapenemases (KPC, NDM, VIM, IMP, and OXA-48-like) among Enterobacterales.MethodsA total of 186 carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales clinical isolates and 29 reference strains were used in this study. Carbapenemase genes were confirmed by PCR and DNA sequencing. The sensitivities and specificities of these assays were calculated utilizing the VassarStats software.ResultsFor clinical isolates, the NG-test Carba 5 detected KPC, NDM, OXA-48-like, IMP, and VIM in less than 15 min with the sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 100%, respectively. The RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V. detected KPC, NDM, OXA-48-like, and VIM with the sensitivity and specificity of 99.4 and 100%. The IMP K-SeT detected all of the IMP producers (6/6). For reference strains, the sensitivity and specificity of NG-test Carba 5, RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V., and IMP K-SeT were all 100 and 100%, respectively.ConclusionAs efficient, rapid, and convenient diagnostic methods, NG-test Carba 5, RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V., and IMP K-SeT could help to simplify the complex routine workflow for detecting carbapenemases. Rapid and accurate identification of carbapenemase is of significance for both epidemiological and infection control purposes.

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