scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Assessments Of Ruptured Acetylene Cylinders

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse A. Grantham
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Cylinder Wall ◽  
Metal Shell ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Building Fire ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Gas Leaks ◽  
Business Interruption

Ruptured Acetylene Cylinder Remnants And Exemplar Acetylene Cylinders, Exposed To A Building Fire, Were Assessed For Pre-Explosion Gas Leak Potential In The Metallurgical Laboratory Using Forensicngineering Protocols. In This Case, 2 Acetylene Cylinders Exploded, And A Building Fire Caused Extensiveroperty Damage And Business Interruption At A Welding Fabrication Facility. Possibilities Of Metallurgicalailures For The Cylinder Shell, Fuse Plugs And Valves Included A Series Of Mechanical Tests, Nondestructiveests And Microscopy Protocols. The Forensic Engineer Considered Corrosive Effects From Constituent Elementsn The Acetylene Gas And The Porous Media Saturated With Acetone Inside The Acetylene Cylinders. Lso, Leaks From Mechanical Damage Were Considered In The Shell, Head, Bottom, Fuse Plugs And Valve. He Forensic Engineer Examined The Cylinder Wall Fracture Surface Features, Pressure Vessel Design, Wallhickness, Low-Melting Temperature Fuse Plugs, And Valve Designs. He Forensic Engineer Scope Of Work Included Visual Examination Of The Cylinder Metal Shell,Ractured Edge Surfaces, Fuse Plug Attachments, And Valves To Ssess Possible Metallurgical Causes Forre-Explosion Gas Leaks From The Acetylene Cylinders Due To Corrosion Or Mechanical Damage Before Theylinder Rupture Events.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of A Propane fueled Residential Gas Explosion

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Komm
Keyword(s):  
Gas Migration ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Residential Heating ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Gas System ◽  
Flammable Gas ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Safety Features ◽  
Gas Leaks ◽  
Selection Of

The Use Of Liquid Petroleum Or Commercial Propane Gas (Hereafter Referred To As Propane) For Residential heating And Cooking Is Common In The Rural United States Where Providing The Infrastructure For natural Gas Distribution Would Be Too Costly. A Typical Installation May Include A 500 Gallon Pressurized vessel Containing A Mixture Of Liquid And Vapor Propane With The Vapor Fed To An Individual Residence through An Underground Line. Safety Features, Such As Odorization Of The Propane, Multi-Regulator Installations, prudent Selection Of Gas Line Components, And System Leak Checks Are Utilized To Prevent And/Or recognize Fugitive Gas Leaks.  in 2005 An Event Occurred In Michigan Which Involved A Flammable Gas Leak, Corrosion, Gas Migration through Soil, A Buildup Of The Flammable Gas, And Subsequent Ignition Resulting In An Explosion which Destroyed A Two Story Home. This Forensic Investigation Eventually Revealed That The Root Cause Of the Incident Lay In Actions Taken During The Original Construction. Some 16 Years After The Installation Of the Subject Gas System Circumstances Came Together To Create An Explosion.

scholarly journals Penerapan Fuzzy Logic pada Sistem Pendeteksi Gas C4h10 dalam Ruangan sebagai Media untuk Menampilkan Bahaya Berbasis Android dan Graphical User Interface

KOMTEKINFO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Defnizal
Keyword(s):  
Graphical User Interface ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Android Application ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Fuzzy Methods ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
The Status ◽  
Hazard Level ◽  
Gas Leaks ◽  
The Impact

Gas is one of the needs that is widely used by the community. The use of gas is very much beneficial, for example, such as the use of gas in households and the use of gas in business or industry. However, there are things we must pay attention to when using gas in terms of safety. Because gas is volatile and there is a possibility of gas leakage which can cause a fire hazard. Therefore to reduce the impact of hazards that can be caused due to gas leakage, a gas leak detection device needs to be made using the MQ5 sensor and the status of the hazard level will be displayed through the android application. So that the existence of this tool will make it easier for users to know the level of gas levels and the level of danger of gas leaks. In this system there are 3 (three) levels of danger, namely safe, normal, and dangerous. If the gas level is high and in danger status, the system will provide information on the android application in the form of gas levels, danger levels and alarms. The use of Fuzzy methods in this system can be applied to explore knowledge and decision making, so that the Fuzzy method is applied to be expected to help in calculating the level of danger of gas leakage effectively and safely to use. In designing this system, the author uses the Fuzzy algorithm with the Mamdani method so that it can facilitate obtaining maximum results in determining the level of danger. From the resulting output can be information about the dangers of gas leakage.

RealSens™: An Advanced Passive Airborne Natural Gas Leak Detection Technology

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Banica ◽  
Chris K. Sheard ◽  
Boyd T. Tolton
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Underground Pipelines ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Gas Leaks ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

Detecting natural gas leaks from the worlds nearly 5 million kilometers of underground pipelines is a difficult and costly challenge. Existing technologies are limited to ground deployment and have a number of limitations such as slow response, false leak readings and high costs. Various remote sensing solutions have been proposed in the past and a few are currently being developed. This paper starts by describing the remote sensing concept and then will focus on a new technology developed by Synodon scientists. This airborne instrument is a passive Gas Filter Correlation Radiometer (GFCR) that is tuned to measure ethane in the 3.3 microns near-infrared band. With its target natural gas column sensitivity of 50 μm, the instrument is capable of detecting very small leaks in the range of 5–10 cuft/hr in winds that exceed 6 miles/hr. The paper concludes with a description of the service which Synodon will be offering to the transmission and distribution pipeline operators using the new technology.

Results of Field Trials of Realsens™, An Airborne Natural Gas Leak Detection Technology

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Banica ◽  
Doug Miller ◽  
Boyd T. Tolton
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Gas Leaks

Detecting natural gas leaks from the worlds nearly 5 million kilometers of underground pipelines is a difficult and costly challenge. Existing technologies are limited to ground deployment and have a number of limitations such as slow response, false leak readings and high costs. Various remote sensing solutions have been proposed in the past and a few are currently being developed. This paper starts by describing the remote sensing concept and then will focus on a new technology developed by Synodon scientists. This airborne instrument is a passive Gas Filter Correlation Radiometer (GFCR) that is tuned to measure ethane in the 3.3 microns near-infrared band. The paper will then present the results of the first airborne field tests and conclude with a description of the service which Synodon will be offering to the transmission and distribution pipeline operators using the new technology.

Failure to Detect Gas Leaks

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Wogalter ◽  
kenneth R. Laughery
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Gas Leaks

A scenario based on actual cases is presented in which a consumer fails to detect a gas leak. A spark source ignites the vapor, causing an explosion and fire. Odorant added to alert people of gas leaks is not always detected for a number of reasons, including nasal congestion, sleep, odor fade, masking, and adaptation or habituation. Electronic gas sensors that alarm in the presence of explosive gas are available in the consumer marketplace and could augment leak detection.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis of an Electrical Substation Fire in a Manufacturing Plant in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Cueva-Eguiguren
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Manufacturing Plant ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Voltage Transients ◽  
Cable Fire ◽  
Electrical Substation ◽  
Short Circuit Currents ◽  
Business Interruption

A cable splice failure in one of the cables associated with one of the 6 MVAR capacitor banks in an electrical substation at a manufacturing plant in South America caused a fire in the 88/4.16kV electrical substation. The fire caused the plant to stop production for approximately 29 days while temporary repairs were made. Operating two shifts per day/seven days a week, and stopping for maintenance once a year, the manufacturing production generates approximately $750,000 in revenue per day. The cable splice failure caused an electrical short circuit in the substation 4.16kV distribution system for approximately 120 seconds. The cable splice failure ignited the adjacent cables in the cable tray, causing damage to various sections of the 4.16kV cables, three 88kV disconnect switches, and four 88kV – 4.16kV transformers. The cable fire in the electrical substation resulted in property damages and business interruption losses with an estimated value of $20 million. The four 88kV – 4.16kV transformers that were in service at the time of the substation fire were exposed to voltage transients and electromagnetic forces produced by the short-circuit currents for approximately120 seconds.

scholarly journals GAS LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM MONITORING BASED IoT USING MCU NODES WITH GOOGLE FIREBASE COMMUNICATION

Jurnal Teknik ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Imam Syaiffullah ◽  
Sumardi Sadi ◽  
Roni Suyono
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Gas Leaks ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACT Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) leak detection system is a precautionary measure for hazards such as a gas cylinder explosion. There have been many incidents of building explosions because the occupants were negligent in anticipating the gas leak. Therefore, this research has made a gas leak detection system that is integrated with the IoT concept using Google Firebase. This tool aims to anticipate the dangers of gas leaks that occur in a room in a building or house. This tool is wrapped in an acrylic box measuring 10 x 11 x 8 cm. By using NodeMCU ESP8266 as the main control, the gas sensor uses MQ - 2 as input, LED, LCD, and buzzer as output. This tool is also equipped with IoT (Internet of Things) so that the room where this tool is installed when a gas leak occurs can provide notifications remotely using an application on a smartphone. From this tool, test results have been obtained for the ideal distance from the gas regulator to the sensor which is 1 cm away by producing a sensor response time of 0.90 seconds and also getting the response time of the tool in sending notifications to the smartphone application of 1.79 seconds. Keywords: LPG, Firebase, IoT, NodeMCU, Gas Detection 

Sistem Pendeteksi Kebocoran LPG Untuk Smarthome Berbasis IoT dengan Metode Fuzzy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Ciksadan Ciksadan ◽  
Suroso Suroso ◽  
Yuris Ramadhona
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Device ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Integrated Technology ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Method ◽  
Gas Leaks ◽  
E Mail

Common problems that often occur in users of LPG gas, especially LPG gas with a size of 3kg are the wrong way of installation and the leakage of gases that are not detected by the sense of human smell that often causes fires. Fires were triggered due to sparks or even by an electronic device that is still on due to manual operation of electronic devices so that users forget to shut down the device when not in use. Therefore, an integrated technology of a system that can control electronic devices automatically and monitor LPG gas leakage thereby reducing the risk of gas leaks that are not detected by the sense of smell of humans and the risk of fire due to electronic devices that continue to ignite when not in use. The sensors used in this system are PIR sensors to detect human presence and MQ6 sensors to detect the presence of leaky gas and Raspberry pi as processors based on Internet Of Things using the fuzzy logic method as the MQ6 sensor input receiver. This system will automatically turn on the lights when a human being is detected and turn off the lights when there are no humans, besides this system will also automatically turn on the buzzer as a warning when a gas leak is detected. Data received by raspberry pi will be stored on the web server and sent to the user's e-mail in the form of gas leak status and electronic device status

Assessment of Gas Leak Detection Techniques in Natural Gas Infrastructure: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dulu Appah ◽  
Victor Aimikhe ◽  
Wilfred Okologume
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Gas Leaks

Abstract The undetected gas leak, also referred to as fugitive gas emissions, are produced from natural gas infrastructure during operational activities. If not monitored, this undetected gas leakage can lead to undesirable economic loss of natural gas from installed infrastructures and are often accompanied by toxic air pollutants that typically pose safety and public health concerns. The efficient quantification of gas leaks from natural gas infrastructure value chain is still largely inadequate. Several studies have repeatedly opined that the actual rate of leaks from natural gas infrastructure is often higher than the documented estimates. The latter is largely dependent on assumptions that rely on inadequate data. This study reviewed most of the existing methods implemented to detect and quantify gas leaks in natural gas infrastructure by assessing the techniques based on the amount of leak detected compared to the amount of gas produced from such facilities. The study illustrates both the problem of methane leakage and the opportunities for instantaneous reduction from natural gas transmission facilities. Furthermore, this review provides a detailed account of the various analytical models and instrumentation-based research performed to identify and quantify gas leak detection. The study opined that the uncertainties associated with efficient quantification of natural gas leak rates demonstrate the need for innovative approaches or processes to identify and quantify leak rates from natural gas infrastructure.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Alat Pendeteksi Gas Elpiji pada Rumah Tangga untuk Siswa SMA se-derajat di Dukuh Kadisoka, Sleman

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Latifah Listyalina
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Gas Detection ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
School Students ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Gas Leak ◽  
Gas Leaks ◽  
Gas Stoves

Government policies in converting energy use from kerosene to LPG have encouraged many people to use LPG gas stoves as fuel for stoves used. Although LPG gas stoves have more practical advantages than using kerosene stoves, they still have disadvantages, namely the danger they cause if there is a gas leak that results in an explosion and causes fires and even casualties. To prevent these fires, it is necessary to detect LPG gas leaks, especially in industries and households. From this, an idea was implemented to provide training in the manufacture of gas leak detection devices. Such is the rationale used in the Training of Making LPG Gas Detection Devices in Households for High School Students in Dukuh Kadisoka, Sleman. Hopefully these activities are beneficial, and can prevent fires caused by LPG gas leakage. This activity was held in June 2018 in Kadisoka hamlet. This activity is expected to be useful in everyday.Keyword: detection, Kadisoka, LPG gas leakage

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