scholarly journals Deepfake Phenomenon: An Advanced Form of Fake News and Its Implications on Reliable Journalism

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3(16)) ◽  
pp. 561-576
Author(s):  
Amina Vatreš
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Video And Audio ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Sophisticated Technology

In the era of distinctly new media-marked social reality, the process of dissemination of disinformation is becoming an increasingly common phenomenon. As one of the technological innovations that stands out in this field is the deepfake phenomenon – a hyper-realistic digital falsification of video and audio formats. Since it is based on the most sophisticated technology, supported by achievements in the field of artificial intelligence, deepfake unequivocally represents a kind of turning point in the context of production and distribution of fake audio-visual content. To poly perspective point to the multiple repercussions of this phenomenon, the paper provides a deeper insight into the very definition and the specific factors that contribute to the acceptance of deepfake, with special emphasis on its implications on reliable journalism and its social function. The text articulates the role of deepfake in the process of creating and receiving media content, as well as the problem of the emergence of erosion of public trust within a hyperreal media environment.

Media discourse in a hyper connected society: a comparison between media frame and Twitter discourse during media strike

Info ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Eun Cho ◽  
Dong-Hee Shin
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Semantic Network ◽  
News Frames ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This study aims to examine the impact of news frames associated with traditional media and with Twitter discourse on social issues. Design/methodology/approach – Using semantic network analysis, it identifies the role of new alternative channels as well as discussing ways of understanding and consuming news content in the changing media environment. Additionally, it focuses on the dominant Twitter communicators who rank high in betweenness centrality. Findings – The results confirmed that traditional news media tend to superficially describe main events and media strikes without comment. They tended to consciously or unconsciously favor media corporations by engendering anxiety and conflict or by restraining reports on the rationales of the strike. Twitter discourse, on the contrary, positively represents the striker's arguments and frequently reveals support of the strike. Research limitations/implications – The data set of this study was specialized, not generalized. However, the findings extend literature relating to the role of journalism and alternative channel. For example, this study indicated that the change of media environment has reinforced partiality of news, including both traditional and alternative channels. Practical implications – The findings imply that the advent of new media does not purely represent a laymen's voice and rather tends to strengthen the partiality of media, including both traditional and new media, beyond selective exposure on content of the receiver. Originality/value – By clarifying the influence of alternative channels, this study suggests the counterpart of traditional journalism in the near future.

The small, disloyal fake news audience: The role of audience availability in fake news consumption

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 3720-3737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob L Nelson ◽  
Harsh Taneja
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
News Media ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
High Availability ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Internet Users

In light of the recent US election, many fear that “fake news” has become a force of enormous reach and influence within the news media environment. We draw on well-established theories of audience behavior to argue that the online fake news audience, like most niche content, would be a small subset of the total news audience, especially those with high availability. By examining online visitation data across mobile and desktop platforms in the months leading up to and following the 2016 presidential election, we indeed find the fake news audience comprises a small, disloyal group of heavy Internet users. We also find that social network sites play an outsized role in generating traffic to fake news. With this revised understanding, we revisit the democratic implications of the fake news crisis.

Contemporary Dynamics of Sámi Media in the Nordic States

2013 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Markelin ◽  
Charles Husband
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Language And Identity ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Indigenous Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Professionals ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Insight Into

Although one people, the Sámi live in four different countries with different laws and regulations. The Sámi media landscape is thus shaped by four different political and economic frameworks, creating unique nationally defined environments. Simultaneously, the Sámi people are internally diverse, both in terms of language and identity. The media professionals within Sámi media need to navigate in an environment where there are several indigenous and majority languages, which raises questions about the fragmentation of potential audiences, and also about the role of the Sámi media in sustaining or undermining particular Sámi languages. Drawing upon recent interviews (2012) with Sámi media professionals, this article seeks to provide insight into the development of an expanding indigenous media infrastructure within the Nordic states and the homelands of Sápmi. It points particularly to the centrality of the national public service broadcast system in providing the political and infrastructural context for this development. The different political settlements between national governments and their Sámi populations significantly shape the wider political will that has framed this process. At the same time, while seeking to shed some light on the diverse Sámi media environment, this article also provides some insight into the professional and personal identities of the individuals working within the Sámi media world. The synergy between the wider media environment and the personal and professional endeavours of Sámi media professionals is central to the future development of the Sámi media environment of Sápmi.

The online audience as gatekeeper: The influence of reader metrics on news editorial selection

Journalism ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1094-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Tien Vu
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Web Metrics

This study provides a snapshot of the hierarchy-of-influences model in the new media environment through examining the effects of audience web metrics on editors. Surveying 318 gatekeepers, the study found that audience metrics influence editors in gatekeeping. Editors’ likelihood to monitor web metrics is affected by their journalism training. Gatekeepers who attach the importance of high readership to economic benefits are more likely to have different news decisions based on web metrics. The study suggests a revision of the hierarchy-of-influences model with more emphasis being placed on the role of the audience.

scholarly journals Popularizing party journalism in China in the age of social media: The case of Xinhua News Agency

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Xin Xin
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
News Agency ◽  
Xinhua News Agency ◽  
The Status ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Ruling Party

The phenomenon of the “popularization” of journalism has become widespread in the process of media marketization, globalization and digitalization. This phenomenon has been studied mostly in the Anglo-American context. This article instead draws attention to China, where the tendency toward popularizing (party) journalism is also occurring but taking a rather different form. It focuses on the case of Xinhua News Agency—the pioneer as well as the most representative case of traditional party journalism in the country. The article considers to what extent Xinhua’s online media content concerning the ruling party since 1949—the Communist Party of China—has been popularized both in terms of content and style. The changes to online media content made by Xinhua are indicative of the extent to which it is possible to combine the status of a state-owned central news organization with a new journalistic orientation that seeks to make the messages from and about the party more appealing to technology-savvy and entertainment-driven audiences in the new media environment in mainland China.

scholarly journals Remote Delivery of Video Services over Video Links

2012 ◽  
pp. 230-250
Author(s):  
Jesús M. Barbero
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Multimedia Content ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
The Media ◽  
Video Services ◽  
Video And Audio

The spreading of new systems of broadcasting and distribution of multimedia content has had as a consequence a larger need for aggregation of data and metadata to traditionally based contents of video and audio supply. Broadcasting chains of this type of channels have become overwhelmed by the quantity of resources, infrastructures, and development needed for these channels to provide information. In order to avoid this kind of shortcoming, several recommendations and standards have been created to exchange metadata between production and distribution of taped programs. The problem lies in live programs; producers sometimes offer data to channels, but most often, channels are not able to face required developments. The key to this problem is cost reduction. In this work, a study is conducted on added services which producers may provide to the media about content; a system is found by which additional communication expenses are not made, and a model of information transfer is offered which allows low cost developments to supply new media platforms.

scholarly journals Hoax Digital Literacy on Instagram

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-186
Author(s):  
Dedeh Fardiah ◽  
Ferry Darmawan ◽  
Rini Rinawati
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
New Media ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Literacy Education ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Media Messages

The development of communication technology brings forth new media with various multiplatforms. Information spreads instantaneously to all corners of the world through abundant media devices. In social media spaces, every individual can produce informational content and disseminate it, so it appears as a new phenomenon of citizen journalism. Individuals act as both producers and targets of social media content simultaneously. Ironically, due to freedom of expression on social media, various hoaxes appear intentionally or unintentionally and are widely distributed. This study aims to explore the official Instagram account that handles hoaxes in West Java Province and provide a digital literacy education in their post. This study uses the content analysis method, which efficiently investigates media content on both printed form and digital posts. In addition, it also uses descriptive content analysis to describe in detail a message or a specific content. The study object is Instagram @jabarsaberhoaks with an analysis unit of information items about hoaxes and various digital literacy on Instagram @jabarsaberhoaks in 2020.  In total, their number reaches 900 posts. The result of this study shows that the most common hoax is fake news, such as manipulated content, misleading content, fake news, and fabricated content with health, political, and economic themes. Explicitly or implicitly, digital literacy education about hoaxes can be obtained by accessing the information contained in Instagram accounts. The implication is that it is necessary to study the extent of this educational content responded by the public, so media messages can effectively and efficiently be in the form of educational media about interactive hoaxes.

Hey Inner Four-Year-Old, Wanna Play?

2017 ◽  
pp. 199-215
Author(s):  
Charlotte A. Duncan ◽  
Colleen E. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Children's Media ◽  
Children's Play ◽  
Effective Media ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Insight Into

Though the spontaneous creativity of children narrows naturally in development, the rigid structures of our culture further suppress these necessary abilities. Enhanced by the ubiquity and interactivity of emerging technologies, media provides a unique method of encouraging creativity in a manner children are growing ever more familiar with. The authors discuss the role of creativity in children's media from multiple angles: the importance of creativity in children's play and development, how creativity is cultivated through effective media, and the creativity involved in producing media content. Relevant scientific research is explored throughout the chapter. Extensive interviews with two prominent creative producers in children's media, Tone Thyne and J.J. Johnson, contribute expert perspectives and provide detailed insight into the creative process behind children's media.

Algorithm as Demiurge

2017 ◽  
pp. 146-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kreft
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common

Plato's Demiurge is the quintessence of perfection and power. “Whatever comes from me is indestructible unless I, myself, wish it to be destroyed” - says the creator of the gods, speaking to them in Timaeus. The gods and Demiurge are believed to collaborate on the creation of people in accordance with the standard of excellent ideas; soon the world, as we know, will be created. Plato's Demiurge is also the good, and the platonic gods are righteous. Without Demiurge the world is a chaos, an environment of irrational chances. Nowadays, the myth of Demiurge can be related to the perfection of creativity. Demiurge becomes equal to the anticipated, all-powerful driving force. Omnipotent, yet tamed and friendly. Demiurge is also the leader in the tradition of social research, the “divine” constructor of the economy, the originator of development. In the new media environment, Demiurge is a convenient metaphor for the presentation of the algorithm: mysterious, error-free, resistant to influence, free from human weaknesses. A transcendent being. The aim of this publication is to present new concept, the core myth of new media organizations - the myth of Demiurge associated with the operation of algorithms and critical analysis of myths created around it, which accompany the social, political and business role of algorithms. Considering the aspect connected with the interpretation of digital media operation and their social and business role, algorithms have not been so far analysed in the context of the presence of myths in organisational functioning. The author believes, however, that the common factor in the perception of algorithms in new media is their mythical aureole and mythical thinking associated with them.

Thinking Inside and Outside of the (Black) Box

Post-cinema ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Hagener
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
New Model ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
High Level

Malte Hagener considers two dimensions of the changes in the audiovisual field: the first is exemplified by the Netflix platform on the economic and logistical level; the second concerns the aesthetic consequences of this new model of production and distribution. Characterized by a high level of autonomy and self-consciousness of this status, Netflix’s system is transforming the practice of film and the notion we have of it. Referencing Bird Box (2018), the “post-apocalyptic thriller” (Wikipedia) directed by Susanne Bier and starring Sandra Bullock, Hagener exemplifies that a post-cinema movie may be positioned between cinema, television and new media, appearing as a “self-allegory of its own position in a new media environment, especially concerning its production logic.”

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