scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF BIOGAS BASED ON HUMAN FESSES AS AN ALTERNATIVE ENERGY FOR REMOTE AREAS APPLICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-006
Author(s):  
Imam Syofii ◽  
Dewi Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Gasoline Engines ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
High Investment

The utilise of biogas for remote areas is a problem because it is challenging to supply hydrogen. Hence a study of the utilisation of human fesses as biogas raw material for biogas production is proposed. Due to high investment costs to build miniature power plants, modified gasoline engines are used as mini power plants even though it is a laboratory scale. Based on results, human fesses can be used as raw material for biogas production. Performance engine using biogas derived from human fesses is 9% different from LPG. The maximum efficiency of the biogas system is 32%, and that of the LPG is 41%.

scholarly journals Biogas Production from Palm Oil Fruit Bunch in Anaerobic Biodigester through Liquid State (LS-AD) and Solid State (SS-AD) Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakti Jos ◽  
Hanif Farhan ◽  
Nadia Dwi Ayu ◽  
Budiyono ◽  
Siswo Sumardiono
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Microbial Consortium ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
Daily Production

The crucial problem facing the world today is energy resources. Waste production of palm oil fruit bunch potentially produce as renewable energy resource. Palm oil fruit bunch contains 44% cellulose, 18% lignin and 34% hemicellulose. Organic carbon source is contained in biomass potentially produce biogas. Biogas is one of alternative energy, which is environmentally friendly and has been widely developed. This research is aimed to examine the effect of pretreatment in raw material of waste palm oil fruit bunch for the production of biogas, the effect of time, ratio C/N, and effect of microbial consortium. The variables are total solid (TS) used 10% and 18% with a 40 mesh physical pretreatment, chemical pretreatment with NaOH 8% gr / gr TS, and biology 5% g/vol with microbial consortium. Biogas production process was conducted over 2 months in room temperature, the test response quantitative results in the form of biogas volume every 2 days and also flame test. The result of this research shows that the highest daily production rate of biogas obtained from this study was 5,73 ml/gr TS and the highest biogas production accumulation generated at 58,28 ml/gr TS produced through a 40 mesh sieve of waste oil palm empty fruit bunch, immersion in NaOH, through solid state fermentation and C/N 30. From this research, it can be concluded that the optimum production of biogas formation occurs with the value of C/N 30, physical and biological pretreatment, and solid state method.

scholarly journals How return sludge increase biogas production from cow manure?

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Ambar Pertiwiningrum ◽  
Ratih Kusuma Wardani ◽  
Joko Wintoko ◽  
Rachmawan Budiarto ◽  
Margaretha Arnita Wuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Methane Level ◽  
Alternative Energies

The energy needs in Indonesia are mainly fulfilled by fossil fuels based energy. Since there is the rise of fuel price, Indonesia government considers seeking alternative energies from renewable resources. Biogas becomes one of the alternative energy that supplies energy needs and manages cow manure waste in Indonesia. To increase adoption of biogas technology, biogas production through methane enrichment is required. The experiment was conducted with return sludge system. These instruments consist of a series portable bio-digester, gas holder and return sludge unit. There were three treatments on biogas production without and with sludge addition or re-use bio-digester sludge that produced after biogas production as raw material for next biogas production. Biogas that produced was observed every two days during 40 days. The results showed that the addition of bio-digester sludge increased biogas production and methane concentration. The optimum retention time of biogas production with sludge addition was 20 days with accumulation biogas volume of 156.38 liters or increased of 38.75 from biogas production without bio-digester sludge). The optimum retention time to increase methane level was 15 days with methane enrichment from 0.8% to 29.41%.

scholarly journals Sertanejo biodigestor: a social technology, an alternative source of energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-642
Author(s):  
Reginaldo Alves De Souza ◽  
Marília Regina Costa Castro Lyra ◽  
Renata Maria Caminha M. de O. Carvalho ◽  
José Coelho de Araújo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Social Technology ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Material Source ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Farming Families

The use of biogas as an alternative to using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for cooking food in the context of family farming is something recent and has ample room for growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the Sertanejo biodigester by farming families as a social technology for cooking gas production, as well as an alternative energy source. It also aimed to identify elements which contribute to disseminating this technology as an alternative to the use of firewood, charcoal and LPG. Quali-quantitative approaches were used following the exploratory method, with interviews and non-probabilistic sampling. A population with 132 units of biodigesters in the Agreste mesoregion of the State of Pernambuco was considered, with 83 interviews being collected. The results indicated that the Sertanejo biodigester social technology provides an increase in the income of farming families, avoids the use of firewood and charcoal for cooking food and produces biofertilizer for crops. They also showed that its non-continuous use or deactivation is related to a lack of raw material and the need for maintenance. Given this scenario, its implementation must consider the availability of a raw material source in the production unit and the potential for biogas production from the existing herd and consumption demand. It is recommended to strengthen arguments of economic and environmental impact for low-income families to disseminate this technology; to encourage the use of biogas associated with other activities in the production system; and to incorporate biodigestor social technology in rural credit financing lines.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI BIOGAS DARI SAMPAH BUAH DAN SAYUR : PENGARUH VOLATILE SOLID DAN LIMONEN

Konversi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Piyantina Rukmini
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Volatile Solid ◽  
Start Up ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Alternative Energy Resources

Abstrak- Biogas merupakan salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang sedang dikembangkan dan sumber energi yang terbarukan. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah kulit jeruk busuk (Citrus sinensia osbeck) dan kobis (Brassica oleracea). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh volatile solid dan limonen terhadap produksi biogas. Penelitian menggunakan erlenmeyer 500 mL sebanyak 6 buah, waterbath, manometer air, dan thermometer. Volume total digester 350 mL. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara menghancurkan bahan baku supaya lebih mudah didegradasi oleh bakteri. Oksigen yang bersifat toxic bagi bakteri anaerobik, dapat dihilangkan dengan penambahan N2 dalam digester pada awal operasi. Penelitian dilakukan pada kondisi mesofilik (30 – 400C) selama 50 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada digester yang memiliki VS sama (T1 dan T3 dengan 15% VS, dan T2 dan T4 dengan 20% VS), dengan konsentrasi kulit jeruk/limonen berbeda (T1= 114ppm< T3= 170ppm, dan T2= 152ppm<T4= 225ppm), maka digester dengan konsentrasi kulit jeruk/limonen yang lebih tinggi akan menghasilkan asam asetat lebih tinggi pada setiap minggunya. Akumulasi asam asetat pada fase acethogenesis menyebabkan bakteri methanogen tidak dapat tumbuh dengan optimum pada fase berikutnya (methanogenesis). Pada kondisi yang sama, digester yang memiliki konsentrasi kulit jeruk/limonen yang lebih besar (T1<T3, and T2<T4) akan menghasilkan volume biogas yang lebih besar (T1= 54.963 cm3<T3= 46.372 cm3, T2= 60.314 cm3<T4= 69.191 cm3). Pada konsentrasi kulit jeruk/limonen 114ppm, diperoleh metana dengan kadar 0.1298%V/grVS. Kata kunci: Biogas, digester anaerobic, kulit jeruk, limonen.   Absrtact- Biogas is one of alternative energy resources that is being developed and renewable. The raw material that use were rotten orange (Citrus sinensis osbeck) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea). This research aimed to know influence of volatile solid and limonene the biogas production from fruit and vegetable waste. This research used 6 unit of Erlenmeyer 500 mL, waterbath, water manometer, and thermometer. Total volume of the digester was 350 mL. Adjusment of the pH in the start up was done to make the optimum condition for pH grow of methanogen (6,8 – 7,8). Toxicity of oxygen could be healed by spraying N2 in the digester in the beginning. The research was done under mesophilic conditions (30 – 40)0, during 50 days. The results showed that digester that has same VS (T1 and T2) with 15% VS, T2 and T4 with 20% VS) with different concentration of rotten orange/limonene (T1=114ppm<T3=170ppm, and T2=152ppm<T4=225 ppm), hence digester with higher concentration of orange peel/limonene will produce higher acetic acid every week. Accumulation of acetic acid in acidogenesis phase because of the limonene caused the methanogen bacteria cannot grow in the next phase (methanogenesis). At the same conditions, the volume of biogas that has higher concentration of rotten orange/limonene (T1<T3, and T2<T4) will produce higher accumulation of biogas volume (T1=54.963cm3<T3=46.372 cm3, T2=60.314 cm3<T4=69.191 cm3). At concentration of rotten orange/limonene 114 ppm, would obtain 0.1298%/grVS of methane concentration. Keywords: Biogas, anaerobic digestion, orange peel, limonene

Urea (CO(NH2)2) Pretreatment Improve Biogas Production Performance of Rice Straw

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 896-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Lin Dai ◽  
An Feng Zhu ◽  
Fei Hu Mu ◽  
Ning Xu ◽  
Zhen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Biogas Slurry ◽  
Internal Effect ◽  
Peak Value

To discuss the internal effect of urea (CO(NH2)2) pretreatment on anaerobic digestion biogas production of rice straw waste, a self-designed laboratory-scale continuous anaerobic biogas digester was used in this study. Anaerobic biogas slurry, urea pretreatment and anaerobic digestion were evaluated for biogas production from rice straw. The results showed that the peak value of biogas production was attained on the 17th day by using 6% urea pretreatment on rice straw. However, the highest CH4 content was 49.8% on the 15th day for the 8% urea-treated rice straw. The cumulative biogas production of 6% urea pretreatment was the highest, about 16 540 mL, which was followed by 2% urea (12 283 mL), 8% urea (9 883 mL), and 4% urea (5 668 mL).

scholarly journals Analisis Produksi Biogas Berdasarkan Bahan Baku Limbah Kotoran Sapi, Serbuk Gergaji, dan Effective Microorganisme-4 (EM4)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Mario Dwi Adrianto
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Filling Material

Biogas is an alternative energy made from organic waste. Organic waste which is often used as raw material for biogas is cow dung. Cow manure is used as raw material for biogas because the cellulose content in it is quite high and its availability is relatively large. However, if only one material is used, the optimum C / N ratio will not be achieved. If the optimum C / N ratio is achieved, the gas produced in biogas production will also increase. One way to get the optimum C / N ratio is by adding biogas filling material. In this study, variations in the composition of biogas filling materials were carried out, namely (1) cow dung, (2) cow dung and sawdust, and (3) cow dung, sawdust, and EM4. Of the three variations of this filling material, measurements of temperature, gas pressure, and pH will be carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the composition of the biogas mixture on the variables of temperature, gas pressure, and pH. The biogas production process were divided into several stages, such as mixing filling material, inputting filling material into the digester, fermentation process, taking the data of observation, and analyzing the data. The results showed that differences in the composition of biogas raw materials affected the variable temperature and gas pressure. As for pH, the composition of the filling material does not have a significant effect.   Keywords: biogas, cow dung, sawdust, EM4

scholarly journals Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Oil Sludge with Corn Stover for Efficient Biogas Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1861
Author(s):  
Qian Yang ◽  
Chenxi Zhang ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Weijie Xu
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oil Sludge ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Fundamental Parameter ◽  
Production Volume

The feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion for the utilization of oil sludge was verified using corn stover, to assess the influence of different raw material ratios and inoculum volumes on the properties of the generated gas. The anaerobic co-digestion method is a novel treatment technology, which may help to solve the problem of pollution by hazardous waste oil sand from the oil exploitation and smelting process. Results showed that single-oil sludge was not suitable for gas production as a digestive substrate due to the lack of organic materials and possible hazardous materials. With the increase in the quality of exogenous organic matter (corn stover), the cumulative gas production volume was proportional to the amount of corn stover material added. It was established that when the mass ratio of corn stover to oil sludge was 4:1, the gas production performance was optimal, with a cumulative gas yield of 1222.5 mL using an inoculum volume of 30 mL. The results of this study provide a fundamental parameter baseline for the treatment of oil sludge and the improvement of gas production efficiency.

WIND-DIESEL INSTALLATIONS FOR ISOLATED FAR NORTH AREAS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Александр Григорьевич Комков ◽  
Александр Константинович Сокольский
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Far North ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Current State ◽  
Solar Power Plants

В статье рассмотрено современное состояние энергоснабжения и перспективы развития альтернативных источников энергии на территории Крайнего Севера. Отмечено, что несмотря на острую потребность во внедрении возобновляемых источников энергии, установленные мощности всех ветряных и солнечных электростанций в регионе не превышают 7-8 МВт. Также в работе рассчитаны технический и экономический потенциал ветровой энергии региона, на основании которых подобрана наиболее эффективная установка. The article discusses the current state of energy supply and the prospects for the development of alternative energy sources in the Far North. It is noted that despite the urgent need for the introduction of renewable energy sources, the installed capacities of all wind and solar power plants in the region do not exceed 7-8 MW. Also, the technical and economic potential of the region’s wind energy was calculated based on which the most efficient installation was selected.

scholarly journals Improved Glucose Recovery from Sicyos angulatus by NaOH Pretreatment and Application to Bioethanol Production

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Hyung-Eun An ◽  
Kang Hyun Lee ◽  
Ye Won Jang ◽  
Chang-Bae Kim ◽  
Hah Young Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Naoh Pretreatment ◽  
Glucose Recovery ◽  
Harmful Species

As greenhouse gases and environmental pollution become serious, the demand for alternative energy such as bioethanol has rapidly increased, and a large supply of biomass is required for bioenergy production. Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant on the planet and a large part of it, the second-generation biomass, has the advantage of not being a food resource. In this study, Sicyos angulatus, known as an invasive plant (harmful) species, was used as a raw material for bioethanol production. In order to improve enzymatic hydrolysis, S. angulatus was pretreated with different NaOH concentration at 121 °C for 10 min. The optimal NaOH concentration for the pretreatment was determined to be 2% (w/w), and the glucan content (GC) and enzymatic digestibility (ED) were 46.7% and 55.3%, respectively. Through NaOH pretreatment, the GC and ED of S. angulatus were improved by 2.4-fold and 2.5-fold, respectively, compared to the control (untreated S. angulatus). The hydrolysates from S. angulatus were applied to a medium for bioethanol fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae K35. Finally, the maximum ethanol production was found to be 41.3 g based on 1000 g S. angulatus, which was 2.4-fold improved than the control group.

scholarly journals Empirical Validation of a Biogas Plant Simulation Model and Analysis of Biogas Upgrading Potentials

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2424
Author(s):  
Jan Martin Zepter ◽  
Jan Engelhardt ◽  
Tatiana Gabderakhmanova ◽  
Mattia Marinelli
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Integrated Energy Systems ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Plant Simulation ◽  
Kinetics Of

Biogas plants may support the transformation towards renewable-based and integrated energy systems by providing dispatchable co-generation as well as opportunities for biogas upgrading or power-to-X conversion. In this paper, a simulation model that comprises the main dynamics of the internal processes of a biogas plant is developed. Based on first-order kinetics of the anaerobic digestion process, the biogas production of an input feeding schedule of raw material can be estimated. The output of the plant in terms of electrical and thermal energy is validated against empirical data from a 3-MW biogas plant on the Danish island of Bornholm. The results show that the model provides an accurate representation of the processes within a biogas plant. The paper further provides insights on the functioning of the biogas plant on Bornholm as well as discusses upgrading potentials of biogas to biomethane at the plant from an energy perspective.

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