scholarly journals EVALUATION OF WATER HYACINTH (EICHORNIA CRASSIPES) AS FEED INGREDIENT AND YOLK COLOURING AGENT IN LAYERS DIETS.

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. S. Dairo
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Treatment Parameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Egg Shell

Sixty-four Black Harco breed of laying hens, 39 weeks in lay were fed water hyacinth Eichhorria crassipes at dietary levels of 0, 5, 10, and 15% for 56 days. The experiment had eight birds in each of the 2 replicates per treatment with the E. crassipes levels of inclusion as treatment. Parameter study include body weight change, feed intake, egg weight, egg yolk coloration, egg shell thickness and feed conversion ratio (feed/kg egg). The mean feed intake significantly decreased (P<0.05) among the mean values of 126.98, 127.27, 127.27 and 122.59 g/day for 0, 5, 10 and 15% inclusion levels respectively. the egg shell thickness increased significantly (P<0.05) among the mean values obtained i.e from 0.51-0.67 mm. however, egg weight changes, egg yolk coloration and feed conversion ration did not show any significant difference (P>0.05) among the respective means. E. crassipes appears to be optimally utilized at 5% dietary level  in layers ration and could be used as pigmenter for egg yolk coloration at this level.

scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF CAGED LAYERS FED SORGIIUM GRAIN OR PEARL MILLET*

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
J. Y. ODIBA ◽  
P. E. SANFORD
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Sorghum Grain ◽  
Haugh Unit

Two 280-day trials, each involving 468, 22-week-old caged commercial egg-strain pullets were conducted to Compare millet and sorghum grain as the main source of energy in laying diets. Diets containing 59.2 and 0, 41.0 and 24.0, 31.2 and 36.3 and 0 and 72.5% of sorghum grain and pearl millet, respectively, were studied in both trials The diets containing millet supported egg production, egg weight, feed conversion and egg shell thickness equivalent to those of the all-sorghum diet. Except in Trial 1, feed consumption of the pullets fed the millet-containing   diets was not significantly lower than that of the pullets fed the all-sorghum diet. Haugh unit values tended to decrease as the level of millet was decreased. Feeding millet at a level as high as 72.5% Of the diet may have adverse effects on egg specific gravity and haugh units

scholarly journals SHORT-TERM EGG PRODUCTION AND PHYSICAL EGG CHARACTERISTICS IN A FLOCK OF HYBRID HUBBARD LAYERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
B. O. ASUQUO ◽  
O. OFOBRUKETA
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Cage System ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Hybrid Layers

Short-term egg production and characteristics were studied using a total of 200 Hubbard hybrid layers under the battery cage system for four months. Birds were fed on battery layer mash (4080 kcal/kg M.E., 15.31% crude protien). Age at first egg (AFE) was 146 days. The highesthen-day egg production was 60.84% obtained at the 4th week in lay. Average hen-day and hen- housed production percentages for the study period stood at 50.08 and 48.05 respectively. Average egg weight was 53.24g ± 3.07 (Standard) with mean egg-shell thickness of 0.48mm ± 0.02. Average daily feed intake was 153.05g ± 1.82 per bird giving an average feed consumption of 3.7kg per dozen eggs. Mean albumen, yolk and shell weights were 33.81g, 13.52g and 6.06g respectively. 

scholarly journals Effect of dietary levels of calcium on performance of pullets and layers, physical characteristics of the egg, and calcium and phosphorus in plasma and bone.

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-312
Author(s):  
A.R. El Boushy ◽  
M.C. Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Egg Shell

From 16 weeks old 432 chickens of a medium-heavy strain were given diets based on maize, soya bean oilmeal and barley with 1.5, 3.7 or 5.0% calcium and about 0.8% phosphorus. Diets supplied metabolizable energy 12.12, 11.35 or 10.96 MJ/kg. After a laying phase at 23 weeks old when they reached 50% production, chickens given 5.0% Ca weighed significantly less and tended to eat more than those given 1.5 or 3.7% Ca. Ca in plasma did not differ among groups but inorganic P was greater in those given 1.5% Ca than in others. During the laying period of 22 weeks egg production was greatest with 3.7% Ca. Feed intake, egg shell thickness, relative density of egg shell and proportion of shell increased with increasing Ca in the diet. Egg weight, albumen index and yolk index did not differ among groups. Tibial ash and breaking strength of tibia increased with increasing Ca in the diet. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Nutritional Characteristics and Quality of Eggs from Laying Hens Fed on a Dried Papaya Peel Meal Diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Jein Rinny Leke ◽  
Florencia Nery Sompie ◽  
Erwin Wantasen ◽  
Trina Ekawati Tallei
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Egg Shell

The objectives of this study were to analyze the eggs nutritional characterics and quality from laying hens fed with diried papaya (Carica papaya L) peel meal diets. A total 200 brown laying hens strain MB 402 (42 week-old). The design used in this study was  a The objectives of this study were to analyze the eggs’ nutritional characteristics and quality from laying hens fed with dried papaya (Carica papaya L) peel meal diets. A total of 200 brown laying hens strain MB 402 (42 week-old) were used in this experiment. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications (10 hens each). The treatments consisted of dried papaya peel meal (DPPM) 0%, 3%, 6%, 9% and 12%. Total feeding trial was 8 weeks. The parameters recorded included egg weight (g/bird)), egg yolk weight (g/bird), yolk index (%), albumen index (%), egg yolk color, egg cholesterol (mg/100g), egg crude protein (%), egg crude fat (%), egg white crude protein (%), egg yellow fat (%),  eggshell calcium (%), eggshell phosphorus (%), blood cholesterol (mg/dl), blood LDL cholesterol (mg/dl), and blood HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) of the laying hens. The results showed that feeding birds with 12 %   increased egg yolk weight, egg yolk color, egg crude fat, egg yellow fat, egg cholesterol, egg shell calcium, egg shell phosphor, blood cholesterol, blood HDL. Moreover there were no significant differences in egg weight, yolk index , albumen index, egg crude protein, egg white crude protein and blood LDL. In Conclusion, DPPM diets can be fed to the laying hens up to 12 % to produce eggs without negative effects on the egg quality.ransomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications (10 hens each). The treatments made use of dried papaya peel meal (DPPM) 0%, 3%, 6 %, 9 % and 12 %. Total feeding trial was 8 weeks . The parameters recorded included egg weight (g/bird), egg yolk weight (g/bird), yolk index (%), albumen index(%), egg yolk calor, egg cholesterol (mg/100g), egg crude protein (%), egg crude fat (%), egg white crude protein (%), egg yellow fat (%), eggshell calsium (%), eggshell phosphorus (%), blood cholesterol (mg/dl), blood LDL Cholesterol  (mg/dl), and blood HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) of the laying hens, The results showed that feeding dried papaya peal meal in cinclusion 12 % increased egg yolk weight, egg yolk color, egg crude fat, egg yellow fat, egg cholesterol,  egg shell calsium, egg shell prosphor, blood cholesterol, blood HDL. Moreover there were no significant diffirence in egg weight, yolk index, albumen index, egg crude protein, egg white crude protein and blood LDL. In conclusion DPPM diets can be fed to the laying hens up to 12 % to produce eggs without negative effects on the egg quality.

scholarly journals PENAMBAHAN RIMPANG KUNYIT (CURCUMA DOMESTICA VAL.), TEMULAWAK (CURCUMA XANTHORRHIZA ROXB.), DAN TEMU PUTIH (CURCUMA ZEDOARIA ROSC.) DALAM RANSUM KOMERSIL TERHADAP KUALITAS TELUR BURUNG PUYUH (Coturnix-coturnix japonica)

ZOOTEC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Rondonuwu ◽  
J L.P Saerang ◽  
F J Nangoy ◽  
S Laatung
Keyword(s):  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Coturnix Japonica ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix Japonica ◽  
Curcuma Zedoaria ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza ◽  
Egg Shell

ABSTRACTADDITION TURMERIC GINGER, RHIZOME AND WHITE RHIZOME OF COMMERCIAL RATION TO EGGS’ QUALITY OF QUAILS.This study aims to determine the quality of quail eggs after added 2% turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.), ginger (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), and ginger and white (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.) in the commercial ration. Animals used are of the type Coturnix-coturnix japonica quail females aged 6 weeks a total of 120 birds. Research using completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications, and each replication consisted of 6 tail quail. Treatment is given as follows: R0 = control diet; R1= ration with 2% turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.), R2 = 2% ration with ginger (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), R3 = 2% ration with ginger and white (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.). results of the study showed that the addition of 2% turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.), ginger (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), ginger and white (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.) and not significantly different effect on egg weight, yolk color and egg shell thickness. And based on the results of this study concluded that the addition of 2% turmeric, ginger, ginger and white and can not increase egg weight, yolkcolor and egg shell thickness when added to a commercial ration.Keyword : Ration, Turmeric, Ginger, Ginger and White, Quail Eggs.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF DIETARY VITAMIN E AND ZINC LEVELS ON PERFORMANCE AND LIPID OXIDATION IN FRESH AND STORED EGGS OF LAYING DUCKS

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Arif Darmawan ◽  
Sumiati Sumiati ◽  
Widya Hermana
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Organic Zinc ◽  
Zinc Levels

Vitamin E and zinc are necessary for preventing free radical damage to phospholipid membranes, enzymes and other important molecules. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary vitamin E and zinc levels on performance and lipid oxidation in fresh and stored eggs of laying duck. A total of 90 of 22 weeks old ducks were randomly divided into 15 experimental units by assigning a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment diets were R1 (control diet), R2 (R1+40 IU vitamin E), R3 (R1+80 IU vitamin E), R4 (R1+100 ppm organic zinc), and R5 (R1+200 ppm organic zinc).The experiment was carried out for 8 wk. Parameters observed were feed intake, egg production, egg weight, feed conversion ratio, and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) value. The results showed that increasing of vitamin E from 40 IU to 80 IU and zinc from 100 ppm to 200 ppm did not affect feed intake and egg weight. Otherwise, the dietary Vitamin E and organic zinc significantly decreased (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio and significantly increased (P<0.05) egg production and decreased (P<0.01) TBARS values. It is concluded that dietary 40 IU vitamin E or 100 ppm organic zinc could increase the performance of laying ducks and dietary 200 ppm organic zinc was more efective to be antioxidant than 40 and 80 IU vitamin E.   

scholarly journals Effect of protein and energy levels in a constant ratio supplemented with methionine and lysine on performance of layers and on egg quality.

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
A.R. El Boushy ◽  
L.G.M. van Gils ◽  
M.C. Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Constant Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight

Twenty groups of 36 laying hens in individual cages were fed on one of 5 diets in which the energy:protein ratio was constant. Diets 1 to 5 had crude protein 12.0, 12.9, 14.0, 15.0 and 16.0% and metabolizable energy 8.71, 9.57, 10.27, 11.10 and 11.70 MJ/kg. From 24 to 64 weeks old, egg production of hens given diets 1 to 5 was 71.46, 71.31, 72.51, 71.13 and 69.99%, respectively. Corresponding values of mean egg weight, weekly feed intake and efficiency of feed conversion were 60.51, 60.47, 61.11, 61.02, 61.07 g; 157.16, 147.56, 142.03, 130.37, 126.72 g; 3.674, 3.460, 3.262, 3.031, 3.014 kg feed/kg egg, respectively. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

THE EFFECT OF GRADED LEVELS OF NICARBAZIN ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LAYING HENS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LEESON ◽  
L. J. CASTON ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Egg Shell

Three experiments were undertaken to investigate the coccidiostat, nicarbazin, on reproductive performance of layers. In trial 1, levels of 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 125, and 200 ppm nicarbazin were fed to White leghorn laying hens for 5 wk. By the 2nd week of nicarbazin treatment, egg production was significantly reduced in birds fed 125 and 200 ppm (P < 0.05). Similarly, increasing levels of nicarbazin resulted in decreasing egg weights (P < 0.01) and feed intake was significantly decreased. However, by the 2nd week post-nicarbazin treatment, egg production, egg weight, and feed intake had returned to normal. Nicarbazin had no effect on egg shell deformation or body weight. Nicarbazin had a marked effect on hatchability; levels of 125 and 200 ppm reduced hatchability significantly (P < 0.01) as well as producing an increased incidence of malpositions and malformations. When nicarbazin was withdrawn from the diet, hatchability returned to pretreatment values although malpositions and malformations were still in evidence. Experiments 2 and 3 were designed to study the effect of nicarbazin on production of brown-shelled eggs. In the 2nd experiment 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 ppm of dietary nicarbazin resulted in significant loss of shell color at 20 and 40 ppm, whereas in exp. 3 with levels of 0, 80, 125, and 200 ppm, brown eggs lost virtually all their color. It is concluded that the adult White Leghorn bird can tolerate up to 125 ppm nicarbazin without significant (P < 0.01) loss of reproductive performance although lower levels show a trend for reduced production. Hatchability is depressed with nicarbazin levels in excess of 80 ppm, while trace levels will produce a visual loss of color in brown-shelled eggs. Key words: Layer, coccidiostat, reproductive performance

Physiological relationships with production measures in White Leghorns subjected to restricted feeding from 18 weeks of age

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Glatz ◽  
RW Polkinghorne ◽  
B Howard
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Water Turnover ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Egg Number

The relationships between 22-42 week production measurements (egg number, egg weight, feed conversion efficiency, carcass fat, shell thickness and body weight) and a number of physiological measures (metabolic rate, water turnover, thyroxine secretion rate and plasma thyroxine concentration) were examined in purebred and strain-cross White Leghorn hens. Feed intakes were restricted to 80, 90 or 100 g 24h-1 and comparisons made with birds allowed free access to feed (average 127 g 24h-1). Restricted feeding significantly depressed all production measures except egg weight and shell thickness, and also reduced metabolic rate but elevated the plasma thyroxine concentration. Strain-cross hens laid more and heavier eggs, and showed a better feed conversion efficiency than purebreds in association with reduced metabolic rates, thyroxine secretion rates and plasma thyroxine concentrations. Water turnover was the only physiological measure to be consistently related to production measurements, and in the case of egg number, egg weight and shell thickness, different relationships were demonstrated in restricted compared with fully fed birds.

The influence of calcium and phosphorus in prelayer diets and their interaction with sodium chloride and potassium sulfate in layer diets on egg production and shell quality in crossbred layers

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (110) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
H Karunajeewa ◽  
M Fox
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Bodyweight Gain ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Tibia Ash

In a 43x2 factorial experiment, 576 White Leghorn x Australorp pullets attaining 50% egg production at about 180 days of age were given from 22 to 26 weeks of age pre-layer diets with 10.4 or 25.8 g kg-1 calcium and 6.2 or 10.9 g kg-1 phosphorus. From 26 to 74 weeks of age these pullets were given layer diets with three levels (0, 1.5 and 7.0 g kg-1) of added sodium chloride and two levels (0 and 6.0 g kg-1) of added potassium sulfate. The calcium content of the pre-layer diet had no significant effect on feed intake, bodyweight gain or tibia-ash content between 22 and 26 weeks of age, or on egg production, egg weight, feed conversion efficiency and mortality in the subsequent laying phase. The higher level (25.8 g kg-1) of calcium improved (P<0.05) the shell quality of the first eggs laid and prevented a decline in shell quality due to excess sodium chloride (7.0 g kg-1) in the layer diet. A phosphorus level of 10.9 g kg-1 of the pre-layer diet reduced (P<0.05) feed intake, and in the subsequent laying phase both hen-housed egg production and efficiency of feed conversion were reduced (P<0.05). The adverse effect on feed conversion efficiency was alleviated by adding potassium sulfate to the diet. The level of phosphorus in the pre-layer diet had no significant effect on tibia-ash content or egg shell quality. The dietary level of sodium chloride had no significant effect on egg weight, feed intake and bodyweight gain. The inclusion of sodium chloride at a level of 7.0 g kg-1 diet tended to depress rate of lay by 2.0% and during the first half of the laying cycle, increased mortality by 12.5% (P<0.05) and reduced egg shell weight and thickness (P<0.05) in birds given pre-layer diets with a low calcium content. A daily intake of 137 to 139 mg of sodium per bird was not adequate for maintenance of egg production and efficiency of feed conversion in crossbred layers. The sodium requirement of a crossbred layer given a diet containing meat and bone meal is about 160 mg/day. The adverse effects due to either a low intake of sodium or a high level of sodium chloride in the diet were alleviated by the inclusion of 6.0 g kg-1 potassium sulfate in the diet. The inclusion of potassium sulfate (6.0 g kg-1) in the layer diet increased rate of lay by 2.1% (P<0.05).

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