scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SEASONAL VARIATION ON PERFORMANCE OF EGG TYPE POULTRY: A Case Study of Mitchell Farms, Mosogar, Delta State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
E. E. Guobadia
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
Significant Difference

The study was designed to find out the effect of seasonal variation on poultry in Delta State of Nigeria. The variables considered were mortality rate, feed intake, egg production and egg hatchability in the wet and dry seasons of the year. Secondary data were also collected from records kept in the farm. Sites 4AHI-BLK,5AKI-BLK, 9H/BF and 10H/BF were used for the study with each having an average of 2,500-3,500 birds of the same breed and sex aged 1-9 weeks and 21-52weeks. The records were grouped into dry season (October-March) and wet season (April-September) covering three years, 1991-1994. The analysis of the result showed that seasonal variation does not have any significant effect (P < 0.05) on mortality and feed intake in the two seasons. However percentage egg production and egg hatchability revealed a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the two seasons, with a mean % egg production and hatchability of 74±.03 and 80.6 in the wet season and 53.67±0.01 and 55.9 respectively in the dry season. Recommendation is therefore made for proper planning which ensures the utilization of wet and dry season management practices to reduce the effect of high humidity and embient temperature on production.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation in egg production and mortality of Muscovy ducks (Cairina Moschata)

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-192
Author(s):  
A.O. Oguntunji ◽  
O.A. Oladejo ◽  
K.L. Ayorinde
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Muscovy Duck ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Muscovy Ducks ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Seasonal variation is one of the principal non-genetic factors influencing performance of poultry in tropical environment. This study was conducted to investigate influence of seasonal variation on egg production and incidence of mortality in intensively-reared non-descript Muscovy ducks in Nigeria. Egg production and incidence of mortality in sixty two (62) female Muscovy ducks was studied in a 12-month trial divided into two major seasons: wet (April - September) and dry (October - March) and four sub-seasons: early rainy season (April - June), late rainy season (July - September), early dry season (October - December) and late dry season (January - March). Student?s t-test and Completely Randomized Design was used to analyse seasonal and sub-seasonal effect on performance, respectively. Season and sub-season significantly (P < 0.05) affected egg production; higher egg production was recorded in wet season compared with dry season (16.18% vs. 1.32%). Among sub-seasons, highest egg production was recorded in late rainy season (20.92%) while the least (0.00%) was obtained in late dry season. Conversely, there was no significant (P > 0.05) effect of season and sub-season on mortality. It is evident that seasonal variation had no effect on incidence of mortality but significantly affected egg production of Muscovy duck and the adverse effect is more pronounced in dry season most especially in late dry season.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation in species richness and abundance of waterbirds in Mole National Park, Ghana: Implication for conservation and ecotourism

Koedoe ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Aikins ◽  
Francis Gbogbo ◽  
Erasmus H. Owusu
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Bird Abundance ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Waterbird Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance

Mole National Park is the largest and the oldest national park in Ghana and an important bird area, yet its waterbird fauna is poorly documented because it is situated in the northern ecological zone far away from the coast of Ghana. Information on the seasonal variation in the park’s bird abundance and diversity is generally patchy but necessary for effective birdwatching planning and management of the park’s birds. Therefore, as a guide to potential ecotourists interested in waterbirds, this study described the seasonal variation in waterbird species diversity and abundance at Mole National Park. As waterbirds mostly congregate around open wetlands and their abundance is more appropriately determined by counting all individuals in the congregant, data were collected using the total area count of waterbirds from August 2015 to October 2015 (the wet season) and from December 2015 to February 2016 (the dry season). Secondary data on arrival of tourists in the park were also analysed. The park’s waterbird species richness was 29 in the dry season compared to 18 in the wet season. There was significant difference (p < 0.05) in the abundance of waterbirds in the dry season in which 4014 waterbirds were encountered compared to 646 in the wet season. The yearly tourist arrival data at Mole National Park shows an increasing trend with peak visitation period occurring during the wet season. The chances of tourists encountering more species and numbers of waterbirds in the park are higher in the dry season compared to the wet season.Conservation implications: Species richness and abundance of waterbirds in Mole National Park varied according to the wet and dry seasons with both the number of species and abundance higher in the dry season than the wet season. It is therefore indicative that most birdwatchers who visit the park in the wet season miss out on a number of species and numbers of waterbirds. To achieve effective birdwatching, management should schedule birdwatching activities to coincide with the dry season as the chances of encountering more species and numbers of waterbirds are higher.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of oceanographic processes in Indus river estuary

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-654
Author(s):  
NOOR AHMED KALHORO ◽  
ZHIGUO HE ◽  
DONGFENG XU ◽  
ASIF INAM ◽  
FAIZ MUHAMMAD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
River Flow ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Indus River ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Salt Intrusion ◽  
Tidal Propagation ◽  
Significant Difference

Field investigations were conducted to study spatial and temporal (seasonal) variations in meteorological, hydrodynamic and hydrological variables in Indus River Estuary. The investigations were undertaken during wet, (moderate fluvial discharge), flood (highest fluvial discharge) and dry (zero fluvial discharge) seasons to obtain surface and near bed data during flood and ebb tides. Tides were semidiurnal, showing an asymmetric pattern with longer ebb tides and shorter flood tides. The hydrodynamic data revealed strong seasonal variation, the ebb velocities were significantly higher than flood current velocities during wet season, whereas a slight difference was found in current velocities during dry season, while the ebb phase lasted longer than flood during wet season; however no significant difference was observed during dry season. On the other hand during flood period the water currents were substantially higher and unidirectional related to the strong river flow. Turbidity values were considerably higher during flood season, than wet and dry seasons along the channel. However hydrological parameters such as temperature and dissolved Oxygen also revealed seasonal and spatial fluctuations, though they were within permissible range. The salinity distribution along the channel was related to the incoming river flow and tidal propagation. Higher salinity values were recorded in dry season, suggested that salinity variation at Estuary was due to salt intrusion from the North Arabian Sea, related to the absent of fluvial discharge form Indus River. Present study revealed substantial changes for hydrology and hydrodynamic conditions of the Indus River Estuary, related to the varying Indus River flow, as well as winds are another important atmospheric force in this region which enhanced the tidal forcing during southwest monsoon.

scholarly journals Selection responses for egg production of Fayoumi and Rhode Island Red breeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
ME Haque ◽  
GK Deb ◽  
MN Hasan ◽  
MH Ali
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Selection Responses ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Foundation Stock ◽  
F1 Generation

This experiment estimated the selection responses for egg production of Fayoumi (Fay) and Rhode Island Red (RIR) breeds. A total of 3000; belonging Fay 2000 & RIR 1000 day old chicks were collected from Egypt and Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka respectively, considered as foundation stock. The chicks were brooded for 5 weeks and reared up to 14 weeks of age providing standard feeding and management. After brooding, 640 Fay and 504 RIR pullets were reared in 40 and 36 individual pens respectively, considering as a family. Finally, 30 and 24 best families of Fay and RIR respectively were selected with 420 Fay and 288 RIR pullets at 15 weeks of age, on the basis of age at 1st egg lay, egg production and fertility. Salmonella and mycoplasma free eggs were collected on the basis of blood test (agglutinate test) from the selected families of both the breeds and hatched out for next generation. The experiment was continued up to 40 weeks of age for each generation. The study revealed that hen day egg production of Fay and RIR was higher in Foundation stock (64.39% in Fay and 68.54% in RIR) than that of F1 generation (58.6% in Fay and 46.8% in RIR) but no significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed for livability between Foundation stock and F1 generation. Reasons for lower productivity in F1 generation may be the poor management practices during growing period. In F2 generation, egg production was higher in both the breeds (64.09% in Fay and 62.05% in RIR) than in F1 generation. Egg production of RIR was not recorded for F3 generation, as their ability to adopt under farmers condition was very poor. However, in F3 generation, egg production of Fay was higher (65.82%) than in F2 generation. Genetic gain in Fay was 0.06%, 0.11% and 0.12% for F1, F2 and F3 generation, respectively. In case of RIR genetic gain was 0.07% in F1 and 0.18% in F2 generation. Due to selection slight genetic gain for egg production was obtained in Fay and RIR but further research with larger stock is needed for better understanding of selection responses of these breeds.Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 19(1-2): 66-73, Jan-Dec 2012

scholarly journals Seasonality of Mansonia titillans during dam construction, Biritiba-Mirim, São Paulo State, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Alves D'Avila ◽  
Almério de Castro Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Early Spring ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Test

A two and a half year survey was conducted at a dam in southeastern Brazil. Shannon Traps were used for sampling. Kruskal-Wallis test showed little relation between rainfall and abundance. The data clearly show three abundance peaks, all of them in the end of the dry season, in consonance with the scarce literature existent. Although Kruskal-Wallis Test did not find a clear preference for the dry season, Pairwise Wilcoxon Rank Test revealed a significant difference between Fall and Spring samples. Ma. titillans population had a peak on late winter/early spring, close to the begin of wet season.

scholarly journals The Challenges and Coping Strategies of KM Implementation in HEIs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Ayesha Khatun ◽  
Sajad Nabi Dar
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
High Level ◽  
Descriptive Framework ◽  
And Coping

The pace of competition has increased in every sphere of the economy, and to face such high level of competition, organizations look for sustainable competitive edge. Knowledge as a tool of competition has been found to be highly sustainable as compared to physical resources and even technology, so organizations look for managing knowledge with strategic focus. This paper attempts to assess the knowledge management practices of a top Indian B-School, to identify the challenges faced by the B-School in the domain of knowledge management implementation and the coping strategies adopted by the school vis-à-vis the challenges. The study adopts for itself a descriptive framework and bases the enquiry on both primary as well as secondary data. For carrying out the investigation, case study method of research was applied. The findings show that though the B-School under study practices most of the selected parameters of knowledge management, managing knowledge as a strategic tool for developing and maintaining sustainable competitive edge is yet to be recognized.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation in quality of Louhajong river water, Tangail

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Md Rakib Hasan Sarker ◽  
Asadul Islam ◽  
Ariful Islam ◽  
Md Mahbubul Hoque ◽  
Shimul Roy
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Fish Culture ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Standard Level

Water samples were collected from three points of Louhajong river (Dighulia, Kagmari Bridge and Oloa) to see the seasonal variation in physico-chemical parameters. The results revealed that some of the parameters such as TDS, alkalinity and acidity have exceeded the standard level in dry season in all of the points, which are unsuitable for different purposes including fish culture. During dry and wet seasons the highest concentrations of BOD was recorded as 2.0 and 0.8 ppm at Kagmari Bridge (point-2) respectively. DO ranged from 1.4 to 3.1 and 2.4 to 3.8 ppm during dry and wet seasons. Maximum and minimum EC was recorded as 890 and 130 ?s/cm at Dighulia (point-1) during dry and wet seasons. The results suggest that at wet season Louhajong river may be suitable for fish culture and other purposes.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 28(1): 9-16, June-2015

scholarly journals Effect of Sex-linked Feathering Genes on Body Weight, Age At Sexual Maturity, Feed Intake and Subsequent Laying Performance of Baladi Chickens

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
A. AI-Sobayel ◽  
A.A. AI-Mulhem
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Standard Management ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Adult Body Weight

A total of 320 twenty week-old slow and rapid feathering Saudi Arabian Baladi pullers were used to assess the effect of sex-linked feathering genes on body weight, age at sexual maturity, feed intake and subsequent laying performance. Similar numbers of rapid feathering Leghorns pullets were included in the study for the purpose of comparison. The experimental birds of each genotypic group were randomly divided into four replicates and subjected to standard management practices. Slow feathering Baladi pullers had higher (P<0.05) adult body weight, rate of mortality, and feed intake and a similar age at sexual maturity but showed lower (P< 0.05) hen-day, and hen-housed egg production and feed conversion compared with rapid feathering Baladi pullets. Rapid feathering Leghorns had higher (P<0.05) adult body weight. age at sexual maturity, hen-day egg production, rate of mortality and feed intake and lower feed intake/kg eggs than rapid and slow feathering Baladi. However, rapid feathering Baladi and Leghorns had similar hen-housed egg production and feed intake per dozen eggs and had better (l’<0.05') performance than slow feathering Baladi.

scholarly journals The Cost of Reproduction in a Cooperatively Breeding Mammal: Consequences of Seasonal Variation in Rainfall, Reproduction, and Reproductive Suppression

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Juan Jacobs ◽  
Daniel William Hart ◽  
Tobias Suess ◽  
Andries Koch Janse van Vuuren ◽  
Nigel Charles Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Cost Of Reproduction ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Reproductive Suppression ◽  
Mole Rat ◽  
Cooperatively Breeding ◽  
The Cost

Biological investments, such as reproduction, are influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors and their interactions. The trade-off between reproduction and survival has been well established. Seasonally breeding species, therefore, may exhibit variations in these trade-offs, but there is a dearth of knowledge concerning this. This study investigated the physiological cost of reproduction (measured through oxidative stress) across seasons in the cooperatively breeding highveld mole-rat (Cryptomys hottentotus pretoriae), one of the few seasonal breeding mole-rats. Oxidative stress indicates elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which can overwhelm antioxidant defences resulting in damaged proteins, lipids and DNA, which overall can reduce longevity and compromise reproduction. Oxidative markers such as total oxidant status (TOS-measure of total peroxides present), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index (OSI), and malondialdehyde (MDA) are utilised to measure oxidative stress. In this study, breeding and non-breeding male (NBM) and female mole-rats were captured during the dry season (breeding period) and wet season (non-breeding period). There was an apparent cost of reproduction in the highveld mole-rat; however, the seasonality pattern to the cost of reproduction varied between the sexes. Breeding females (BFs) had significantly higher MDA during the breeding period/dry season in comparison to the non-breeding period/wet season; this is possibly a consequence of bearing and nursing offspring. Contrastingly, breeding males (BMs) showed increased oxidative damage in the non-breeding/wet season compared to the breeding/dry season, possibly due to increased activities of protecting their mating rights for the next breeding/dry season, but this was not significant. Interestingly, during the non-breeding period/wet season, non-breeding females (NBFs) are released from their reproductive suppression, which resulted in increases in TOS and OSI, which again indicated that just the mere ability to be able to breed results in a cost (oxidative stress). Therefore we can speculate that highveld mole-rats exhibited seasonal variation in redox balance brought about by variation in abiotic variables (e.g., rainfall), physiology and behaviour. We conclude that physiological changes associated with reproduction are sufficient to induce significant acute oxidative stress in the plasma of female highveld mole-rats, which become alleviated following transition to the non-breeding season/wet period suggesting a possible hormetic effect.

Home-range and den use of the mahogany glider, Petaurus gracilis

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fragmented Habitat ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socially Monogamous ◽  
Males And Females

The home-range of the mahogany glider was estimated, and its social behaviour examined, by following radio-collared animals over a two-year period within an area of continuous habitat and an adjacent area of fragmented habitat. The average home range within the continuous habitat was 19.25 ha for males and 20.34 ha for females, with male and female pairs occupying a combined area of 23.15 ha. In contrast, the average home range in the fragmented habitat was 11.05 ha for males and 6.80 ha for females, with a combined home-range of male and female pairs being 11.60 ha. The average overlap of the home ranges of paired males and females was 85.9%, compared with approximately 11% for non-paired individuals, which suggests that mahogany gliders are socially monogamous. For a total of 46 nights on which gliders were considered to behave normally for the entire night, the average foraging distance was 1506 m (range 590–3420 m) with no significant difference between males and females in either the continuous or fragmented habitat. There was, however, a significant difference in the distance individuals travelled during different times of the year, with longer distances being travelled during late dry season/wet season and shorter distances during the early to mid dry season. Mahogany gliders also travelled further when there was a high availability of nectar and pollen than when there was lower availability. A total of 83 dens (tree hollows) were recorded for the mahogany glider, with the poplar gum, Eucalyptus platyphylla, forest red gum, Eucalyptus tereticornis, and Clarkson's bloodwood, Corymbia clarksoniana, being most used.

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