Repeatability and comparison of Corvis ST parameters before and after accelerated transepithelial corneal cross-linking in keratoconus eyes

AIM: To evaluate the repeatability and comparison of corneal visualization scheimpflug technology (Corvis ST) parameters in keratoconus eyes before and after accelerated transepithelial corneal cross-linking (ATE-CXL). METHODS: Thirty eyes of 30 progressive keratoconus patients were included in the prospective study. Three repeated corneal biomechanical measurements were performed preoperatively and one month postoperatively by Corvis ST. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and 95% confidence interval (CI), Cronbach’ α, repeatability coefficient (RC), and coefficient of variation (CV) were used to evaluate the repeatability of Corvis ST parameters. Paired t test or Wilcoxon rank test was used to evaluate the differences between preoperative and postoperative data. RESULTS: At preoperative, 26 of 39 (66.67%) parameters showed good to excellent repeatability, 6 (15.38%) showed moderate, and 7 (17.95%) showed poor repeatability. Similarly, 34 (87.18%) parameters showed good to excellent repeatability, 3 (7.69%) showed moderate, and 2 (5.13%) showed poor repeatability after ATE-CXL. After ATE-CXL 1mo, the intraocular pressure (IOP), biomechanical corrected IOP (bIOP), first applanation time (A1T), Radius, deformation amplitude at the first applanation (A1DA), deflection length at the maximum deformation (HCDLL) and stiffness parameter at first applanation (SP A1) parameters increased, while the steep keratometry (Ks), flat keratometry (Kf), mean keratometry (Kmean), second applanation time (A2T), DA Ratio Max (2 mm) and integrated radius parameters decreased (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The repeatability of the Corvis ST parameters before and 1mo ATE-CXL follow up were both acceptable, and the corneal stiffness was improved after 1-month ATE-CXL.

Image multi-level-thresholding with Mayfly optimization

<span>Image thresholding is a well approved pre-processing methodology and enhancing the image information based on a chosen threshold is always preferred. This research implements the mayfly optimization algorithm (MOA) based image multi-level-thresholding on a class of benchmark images of dimension 512x512x1. The MOA is a novel methodology with the algorithm phases, such as; i) Initialization, ii) Exploration with male-mayfly (MM), iii) Exploration with female-mayfly (FM), iv) Offspring generation and, v) Termination. This algorithm implements a strict two-step search procedure, in which every Mayfly is forced to attain the global best solution. The proposed research considers the threshold value from 2 to 5 and the superiority of the result is confirmed by computing the essential Image quality measures (IQM). The performance of MOA is also compared and validated against the other procedures, such as particle-swarm-optimization (PSO), bacterial foraging optimization</span><span>(BFO), </span><span lang="EN-IN">firefly-algorithm</span><span>(FA), bat algorithm (BA), cuckoo search</span><span>(CS) and moth-flame optimization (MFO) and the attained p-value of Wilcoxon rank test confirmed the superiority of the MOA compared with other algorithms considered in this work</span>

The Difference of Despression Level Before and After Keroncong Music Therapy in the Elderly

Introduction: coming to an old age a person will experience physical, psychological, and biological setbacks. Psychological deterioration which is often found in the elderly is depression (Purbowinoto, 2010). One of the non-pharmacological therapies that can be applied to reduce depression levels in the elderly is to use keroncong music therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in depression levels in the elderly before and after being given keroncong music therapy at UPTD Griya Werdha Jambangan Surabaya.Method: the method used was analytical pre-experimental research with pre testpost test design. The independent variable in this study was depression in the elderly, while the independent variable was keroncong music therapy. The population is 40 elderly with 36 samples in the UPTD Griya Werdha Jambangan Surabaya taken using purposive sampling techniques. The data was taken using a questionnaire. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon Rank Test statistical test.Results: from the results of the study, it was found that there was a difference in the levels of depressionin the elderly before and after being given keroncong music therapy at UPTD Griya Werdha Jambangan Surabaya with a significant value of = 0.0001 lower than p= 0.05 (p <α). Before the therapy or treatment, most of the elderly experienced depression levels with as many as 11 respondents (30.6%) and after the treatment most of them experienced depression level with as many as 16 respondents (44.4%).Conclusion: it could be concluded that there was a difference in levels of depression in the elderly before and after being given keroncong music therapy at UPTD Griya Werdha Jambangan Surabaya. For this reason, music therapy can be an option to decrease the depression level in the elderly at UPTD Griya Werdha Jambangan Surabaya.

Assessment of the frequency of Dzuds in the livestock sector of Mongolia

Dzud is defined as severe winter and spring weather conditions, which result in severe shortages of pastures and water, and the loss of large numbers of livestock [1]. According to a study conducted since 1944, the dzud in Mongolia killed a maximum of 9 million and a minimum of 1 million livestock a year, accounting for 2-33 percent of the total number of livestock counted in that year. In monetary terms, a total of 21.1 million head of livestock have died in the last 30 years alone, resulting in a loss of MNT 860 billion. Due to the increase in livestock losses due to the dzud, herders have lost their livestock, which is the main reason for the unplanned increase in the number of people moving to urban areas. This article presents the dzud incidents between 1990 and 2020 in each aimag, analyzes the corresponding migration and livestock mortality statistics, and presents the results. The survey data were compiled using R Studio 4.0.3 software, and the Wilcoxon rank test was used to estimate the actual differences due to the abnormal distribution of dzud duration, livestock mortality, and migration data. Correlationally, as dzud incidence increased, livestock mortality and migration were likely to increase. A value of P greater than 0.05 for dzud duration and abnormal mortality data indicates that the two values are different, while a value of less than 0.05 for dzud migration data indicates no difference between the two values. Therefore, the dzud is likely to increase population influx and increase the negative impact on the agricultural sector in the future. Монгол орны мал аж ахуйн салбарт зудын давтамжийн үзүүлж буй хохирлын үнэлгээ Зуд гэж өвөл, хаврын улиралд цаг агаар хүндэрснээс мал сүрэг бэлчээр, усаар нэн гачигдан, турж зутран олноор хорогдох нөхцөл бүрдэхийг ойлгоно [1]. 1944 оноос хойш хийсэн судалгаагаар манай оронд болсон зудын нөлөөгөөр 1 жилд дотор хамгийн ихдээ 9 орчим сая, багадаа 1 сая орчим толгой мал тус тус хорогдож байсан ба тухайн жилд тоологдсон нийт малын тооны 2-33 хувийг эзлэж байжээ. Зөвхөн сүүлийн 30 жилийн хугацаанд нийт 21,1 сая толгой мал хорогдсоныг мөнгөн дунгээр илэрхийлбэл 860 тэрбум төгрөгний хохирол учиржээ. Зудны улмаас малын зүй бус хорогдол нэмэгдэж малчид малгүй болсны улмаас төв суурин, хот газарт шилжиж тэнд төлөвлөгдөөгүй хүн амын тоог нэмэгдүүлэх үндсэн шалтгаан болж байна. Энэ өгүүлэлд 1990-2020 оны хоорондох зудын тохиолдлыг аймаг тус бүрээр гарган, түүнд харгалзах хүн амын шилжилт хөдөлгөөн, малын зүй бус хорогдлын статистик мэдээлэлд дүн шинжилгээ хийж, гаргасан үр дүнгээс танилцуулж байна. Судалгааны тоон мэдээллийг R Studio 4.0.3 програм ашиглан боловсруулсан ба зуд болсон хугацаа, малын хорогдол болон хүн амын шилжилт хөдөлгөөний мэдээлэл нь хэвийн бус тархалттай байгаа учир Wilcoxon rank test-аргыг ашиглан бодит ялгаа байгааг тооцов. Корреляцийн хамаарлаар зудын тохиолдол олшрох тутам малын хорогдол, хүн амын шилжилт хөдөлгөөн ихсэх магадлалтай байлаа. P утга зуд болсон хугацаа болон зүй бус хорогдлын өгөгдлийн хувьд 0,05-аас их гарсан нь тухайн 2 утга ялгаатай, харин зуд болсон хугацаа хүн амын шижилт хөдөлгөөний хувьд 0,05-аас бага нь тухайн 2 утга ялгаагүй байгааг харуулж байна. Иймээс зудын нөлөөгөөр хүн амын шилжилт хөдөлгөөн ихсэх магадлалтай бөгөөд цаашид хөдөө аж ахуйн салбарт үзүүлэх сөрөг нөлөөлөл ихсэх магадлалтай байна. Түлхүүр үг: ган, зуд, хүн амын шилжилт хөдөлгөөн, малын зүй бус хорогдол

Program mindful parenting untuk menurunkan kecemasan pada caregiver anak berkebutuhan khusus

Abstrak : Sebagai pengasuh anak berkebutuhan khusus berhubungan dengan munculnya permasalah fisik dan psikologis pada caregiver. Hal ini memunculkan adanya gejala gejala kecamasan yang tinggi. Intervensi dengan berbasis mindfulness terbukti dapat membantu memberikan ketenangan dan meningkatkan kebahagiaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh program mindfulness parenting untuk menurunkan kecemasan pada caregiver anak berkebutuhan khusus. Penelitian ini menggunakan one group pre test dan post test design. Pengukuran kecemasan diukur dengan menggunakan Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Program Mindfulenss parenting terdiri dari 8 sesi program dalam 4 kali pertemuan. Analisis dengan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon rank test menujukkan hasil significant. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa program mindfulness parenting dapat menurunkan kecemasan pada caregiver anak berkebutuhan khusus Kata Kunci: Mindfulness Parenting. Kecemasan. Caregiver. Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Mindfulness Parenting program for decreasing anxiety on caregiver who has children with disability Abstract: Caregiver in children with disability related with physically and psychological problem for example the symptoms of anxieties. They have high score in anxiety. Therapy based on mindfulness has evidence helping them in be calmer dan increase happiness. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of “Mindfulness parenting” program in decreasing anxiety on caregiver who has child with disability. This study used a one-group pretest-posttesttt design. “Mindful Parenting” program attended 8 sessions of “Mindful parenting” program in four meetings. Analysis using Wilcoxon signed rank test showed significance result. It conclude that there was significant effect of “Mindfulness parenting” program on decrease anxiety score on caregiver of children with disability. Keywords: Mindfulness Parenting. Anxiety. Caregiver. Children with disability.

PENDAMPINGAN IBU HAMIL DI DESA FOKUS STUNTING KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TIMUR

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five as a result of chronic malnutrition so that the child is too short for his age. Stunting can occur in the womb due to inadequate nutritional intake during pregnancy. This study aims to examine the effect of mentoring on the knowledge and behavior of pregnant women in focus-stunting villages. The intervention is nutritional counseling using standard operating procedures and booklets. Mentoring is carried out by nutritionist one times a week for one month. The study is a quasi-experiment with a non-randomized control group design pre-test - post-test design. The subjects were 60 people who were selected purposively from the population of pregnant women in 6 villages in East Lampung Regency. Data analysis used Wilcoxon Rank Test and Mann Whitney. The results showed that there were significant differences in knowledge energy and protein intake. No difference in consumption of sulfas ferosus supplements between the two groups. Nutritional assistance for pregnant women increases knowledge and nutritional intake. A nutritionist can take the mother's class to strengthen nutrition assistance to pregnant women. Assistance to breastfeeding mothers can be used as a topic in further research.ABSTRAK Stunting adalah kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak balita akibat dari kekurangan gizi kronis sehingga anak terlalu pendek untuk usianya. Stunting dapat terjadi sejak dalam kandungan yang disebabkan karena asupan gizi yang tidak memadai selama kehamilan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pendampingan terhadap pengetahuan dan perilaku ibu hamil di desa fokus stunting. Bentuk intervensi pendampingan adalah konseling gizi menggunakan standar operasional prosedur dan booklet. Pendampingan dilakukan oleh nutrisionis selama satu bulan dengan frekuensi satu kali seminggu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment dengan rancangan non randomized control group pre test – post test design. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 60 orang yang dipilih secara purposiv dari populasi ibu hamil di 6 desa di Kabupaten Lampung Timur. Analisis data menggunakan Wilcoxon Rank Test dan Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan signifikan pengetahuan, asupan energi dan protein. Tidak ada perbedaan konsumsi suplemen tablet tambah darah (TTD) antara kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Pendampingan nutrisionis kepada ibu hamil meningkatkan pengetahuan dan asupan gizi. Nutrisionis agar memanfaatkan kelas ibu untuk memperkuat pendampingan gizi kepada ibu hamil. Pendampingan kepada ibu menyusui dapat dijadikan topik dalam penelitian lanjutan.Kata kunci: stunting, pendampingan ibu hamil, pengetahuan, asupan energi dan protein

Perbedaan Kualitas Tidur Pada Lansia Sebelum Dan Sesudah Diberikan Rendaman Kaki Dengan Air Hangat

Gangguan tidur dapat mengakibatkan masalah serius bahkan menurunkan kualitas hidup, hal ini sering terjadi pada lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas tidur pada lansia sebelum dan sesudah pemberian rendam kaki dengan air hangat di Desa Sukolilo Barat Bangkalan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pra-experiment design, dengan pendekatan one-group pretest-posttest design. Populasi sebanyak 41 lansia di Desa Sukolilo Barat, dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 lansia yang ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel independen penelitian adalah rendam kaki dengan air hangat, variabel dependennya kualitas tidur pada lansia. Alat ukur dengan kuesioner PSQI. Uji statistik menggunakan Wilcoxon Rank Test. Kualitas tidur sebelum dilakukan rendam kaki dengan air hangat dengan kualitas tidur kurang sebanyak 15 lansia (50%), 12 lansia cukup (40%), dan baik sebanyak 3 lansia. Kualitas tidur sesudah dilakukan rendam kaki dengan air hangat dengan kualitas tidur baik sebanyak 13 lansia (43,3%), 15 lansia cukup (50%), dan 2 lansia kurang. Dengan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon didapatkan nilai p value 0,000 (p< 0,05). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada perbedaan kualitas tidur pada lansia sebelum dan sesudah diberikan rendam kaki dengan air hangat. Kualitas tidur bisa ditingkatkan bila lansia mengatahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas tidur seperti faktor usia, lingkungan, makanan dan cara meningkatkan kualitas tidur dengan baik dan benar.

PENGARUH LATIHAN ROM TERHADAP KEKUATAN OTOT PADA PASIEN STROKE DI RUANG FLAMBOYAN RSUD MUHAMMAD SANI

Mayoritas pasien stroke mengalami kelemahan pada otot, adapun keterbatasan pergerakan dapat memperparah kondisi muskuloskletal dan mempercepat penurunan kekuatan otot pada pasien stroke. Untuk itu perlu penanganan rehabilitasi segera mungkin dengan melakukan latihan pergerakan otot (Range Of Motion). Adapun tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh Latihan Range Of Motion Terhadap Kekkuatan Otot Pada pasien Stroke. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode Quasy Experiment (pre and post test without control). Sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 20 responden stroke dan data dianalisa menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Rank Test untuk eksteremitas atas dan Paired T Test untuk eksteremitas bawah. Hasil diketehui bahwa pada eksteremitas atas nilai p-value sebesar 0,000 (p=<0,05) sedangkan pada eksteremitas bawah nilai p-value sebesar 0,000 (p=<0,05) yang menunjukkan ada pengaruh latihan Range Of Motion terhadap kekuatan otot eksteremitas atas dan bawah pasien stroke.

Influencing Factors and Management of Occupational Burnout Among Clinical Research Associates in China

Objective We firstly assessed the extent and nature of occupational burnout among clinical research associates (CRAs) in China for the first time, and evaluated influencing factors in view of developing effective countermeasures. Methods CRAs were evaluated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory and a self-designed questionnaire. Detected occupational burnout was used as the index. We examined possible influencing factors of burnout using wilcoxon rank test, KW rank and Spearman correlation analysis; influencing factors were screened out with multivariate ordinal logistic regression modelling. Results Overall, 438 surveys were completed. Results indicated that 82.2% of participating CRAs had some degree of job burnout; among those, 19.9% had mild burnout, 49.8% had moderate burnout, and 12.5% had severe burnout. A total of 76.7% suffered from emotional exhaustion, 65.5% experienced depersonalization, and 15.3% felt a low sense of accomplishment. For all categories of burnout, statistically significant influencing factors were: work mode, working hours, whether the hospital provided work support and likelihood of promotion (p <0.05). Conclusion Occupational burnout was common among Chinese CRAs. To alleviate this situation and ensure the quality of clinical trials, companies and hospitals should take effective measures to establish support systems involving both hardware and software.