scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF GRADED LEVELS OF BREWERS' DRIED GRAINS AND MAIZE COBS IN THE DIETS OF PIGS ON THEIR PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS AND CARCASS QUALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-133
Author(s):  
G. M. Babatunde ◽  
B. L. Fetuga ◽  
V. A. Oyenuga ◽  
A. Ayoade
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Weight Range ◽  
Maize Cobs ◽  
Quality Measurements ◽  
Better Than

A TRIAL was run with 70 weaner Yorkshire and Yorkshire x Landrace pigs to determine the effects of graded levels of brewers' grains and maize cobs on the performance and carcass characteristics of pigs. The two products were included at the levels of 5, 10 and 15 while the protein contents of the diet were maintained at approximately 20% throughout the experimental period that lasted from the initial weight of 17.0 kg to the slaughter weight of about 92 kg. Pigs were slaughtered at the predetermined liveweight of 92 kg and were conventionally graded. The results showed no significant differences among treatments and between products with respect to average daily gains and efficiencies of feed utilization, but the average daily feed and digestible energy intakes were significantly affected for the weight range of 17 to 55 kg, but not for the other weight ranges. Generally, pigs on brewers° dried grains tended to perform better than those on maize cobs hut the differences were not always significant. With respect to carcass quality measurements, although there were no significant differences among treatment means, there was a tendency towards lower fat measurements and higher lean parameters as the levels of the products increased from 5 to 15%. There were some significant differences between the two products in the carcass measurements of pigs, and the measurements were closely alike in some other measurements. It is concluded that the two products can be conveniently used to replace the more expensive maize component at least up to the 15% level tested in this trial without seriously depressing the performance of pigs.

scholarly journals The effect of white lupine on the performance, health, carcass characteristics and meat quality of market pigs

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Zraly ◽  
B. Pisarikova ◽  
M. Trckova ◽  
I. Herzig ◽  
M. Juzl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Body Weight ◽  
Sensory Parameters

The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of diets for market pigs with 20% inclusion of lupine seeds, cv. Amiga, on the performance, health status, carcass characteristics, fatty acids (FA) profile of meat lipids and nutritional and sensory parameters of meat. Another purpose was to increase the nutritional value of a cereal-lupine diet (E1) by supplementation with lysine, methionine, threonine (E2) or fat (E3) and to perform a comparison with control diets containing animal protein (C1) or soy (C2). The experiments were performed on 50 pigs (50% males, 50% females) with initial body weights of 35.6 &plusmn; 2.2 kg, fed isonitrogenic and isoenergetic diets partly <i>ad libitum</i> for 90 days. Feed intake was not adversely affected by lupine inclusion. The daily body weight gain (BWG) was significantly higher (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in group E3 in comparison with the cereal-lupine diet group (E1) and the other groups by 12.6 to 15.9% during the initial 30 days of experiment. The highest BWG (0.88 &plusmn; 0.07 kg/kg) during the entire experimental period was obtained with the fat containing diet (E3); that was non-significantly higher by 2.3 to 10.0% in comparison with the other diets. The feed conversion rate was reduced in groups E3 and E2 (2.55 and 2.58 kg/kg BWG) by 3.1 to 7.6% in comparison with groups C1, C2 and E1. No adverse effect of the lupine containing diet was observed on the carcass characteristics or the nutritional quality of the meat. Optimum content of linolenic acid in lupine seeds had a favourable effect on n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated FA ratio in meat lipids of group E3 in comparison with groups C1 and E1 (<i>P</i> < 0.05). By sensory meat analysis, significantly better characteristics were found for texture, juiciness (<i>P</i> < 0.01, <i>P</i> < 0.05) and taste in E3 in comparison with groups C1, C2 and E1. The obtained results indicate that animal and soy protein may be replaced with lupine, tested in the present study, in case a diet is supplemented with amino acids and fat.

Growth and carcass characteristics of camels given different level of protein and energy in Iran

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 224-224
Author(s):  
Y. Rouzbehan ◽  
A. Shadmanesh ◽  
N. Debiri ◽  
M. Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Factorial Anova ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Main Effects

Recently ,there is an incrase interest in fattening camals in Iran .This trial aimed to define the influence of dietary energy and protein levels on performance and carcass quality of camels in khorasan province.For 80 days, nine diets with three metaboliseble energy 10.9, 8.8 or 7.6 MJ /kg DM and three crude protein levels 140, 120, or 100 g/kg DM were offerd ad lib to thirty six camels (mean initial weight 183 kg ± 7.7) , where each treatment were randomly allocated to four animals, that were housed individually. Food intakes were recorded daily. Throughout the trial , all animals were weighed at fortnightly intervals. At the end of the project ,two animals from each treatment were slaughtered and carcass quality were determined. Data were analysed as a 3x3 factorial Anova, with energy and protein were the main effects.

Bromocriptine-induced reduction of body fat in pigs

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 931-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Southern ◽  
A. H. Cincotta ◽  
A. H. Meier ◽  
T. D. Bidner ◽  
K. L. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Fat Thickness

Abstract An experiment was conducted with 36 crossbred finishing pigs (18 male castrates and 18 females) to evaluate the effect of bromocriptine implants on growth, feed intake, feed efficiency, plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) and carcass characteristics. Three levels of bromocriptine (0, 5 and 10 mg/[pig·d]) were administered, via implants at the base of the ear, to six (two replicates of three) male castrates or to six (two replicates of three) intact female pigs (2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments). Average initial weight of pigs at the time of implantation was 89.7 kg, and the implants remained in the pigs for 28 (replicate 1) or 30 (replicate 2) d prior to slaughter. Gain, feed intake and efficiency of feed utilization were not affected (P > .10) by bromocriptine. Plasma urea nitrogen was lower in female pigs administered 10 mg bromocriptine; bromocriptine did not affect PUN of male pigs (gender × bromocriptine, P < .08). Tenth rib fat thickness and average backfat thickness were lower (P < .06) and percentage of muscling was higher (P < .06) in pigs implanted with bromocriptine. Female pigs had less 10th rib fat but larger loin eye areas and a greater percentage of muscling than male pigs.

Single cereal diets for bacon pigs 1. The effects of diets based on barley, wheat, maize meal, flaked maize or sorghum on performance and carcass characteristics

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. A. Cole ◽  
E. G. Clent ◽  
J. R. Luscombe
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Maize Meal ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Amino Acid Balance

SUMMARYTwo experiments were carried out to compare the performance and carcass quality of pigs given diets based on barley, wheat or maize meal, and another two experiments comparing these cereals, flaked maize and sorghum. In general, differences in the utilization of feed for live-weight gain could be related to differences in the digestible energy content of the cereals used in the diet, although in some experiments pigs behaved atypically on individual diets. Flaked maize was consistently inferior to the other cereals in the efficiency of conversion of its digestible energy, possibly because of its poorer amino acid balance and its low levels of lysine and tryptophan in relation to energy. Differences between experiments in the performance of pigs fed on the various diets are also discussed. Differences between treatments in killing-out percentage and predicted lean percentage were small, and carcasses of pigs from all treatments were acceptable for bacon curing.

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics of feedlot-finished Nellore heifers slaughtered at different weights

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 44826
Author(s):  
Pedro Leonardo de Paula Rezende ◽  
João Restle ◽  
Ubirajara Oliveira Bilego ◽  
Juliano José de Resende Fernandes ◽  
Regis Luis Missio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Carcass Conformation ◽  
Set Up

Carcass and meat characteristics of 48 Nellore heifers at 24 to 30 months of age, with an initial weight of 263.4 ± 13.9 kg, were evaluated. The experiment was set up as a completely randomized design with four treatments, which consisted of four slaughter-weight classes, namely <340, 340-370, 370-400, or >400 kg. Back fat thickness was not influenced (p > 0.05) by slaughter weight in any of the forms it was expressed (mm or %), averaging 5.3 mm. Loin eye area in cm2 increased (p < 0.05) with the increase in slaughter weight. Animals slaughtered at a live weight (LW) of more than 400 kg showed better (p < 0.05) carcass conformation than the other experimental groups (9.8 points). Heifers slaughtered at over 400 kg LW had a more compact (p < 0.05) carcass (1.65 cm kg-1 cold carcass). The marbling degree of meat was lower (p < 0.05) in the animals slaughtered at less than 340 kg LW. In conclusion, cull heifers must not be slaughtered at a LW of less than 340 kg and slaughter weights greater than 400 kg have positive implications on important carcass characteristics, notably conformation and marbling.

INFLUENCE OF ENERGY AND PROTEIN LEVEL IN RATIONS FOR FINISHING MARKET PIGS ON PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Waldern
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Feeding Experiment ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Lower Record ◽  
High Level

Ninety-six Yorkshire pigs, reared during the growing period on high energy–high protein rations, were used in a 2 × 2 factorial feeding experiment to compare two levels of protein at two levels of energy in self-fed finishing rations. Pigs fed a high energy ration gained 0.34 lb more per day, consumed less feed, had more loin and back fat, lower Record of Performance (R.O.P.) scores, and received lower commercial grades than those fed the lower energy ration. The level of protein fed did not affect significantly, rate of gain, feed utilization, or carcass quality. An interaction existed between protein and energy whereby the adverse effects on carcass quality of the high level of energy were modified by the high level of protein with the result that average loin area was increased and a higher R.O.P. score and a higher percentage of grade A carcasses was obtained.

EFFECTS OF DIETHYLSTILBESTROL IMPLANTATION ON GROWTH RATE, FEED UTILIZATION, AND CARCASS TRAITS OF YORKSHIRE PIGS ON RESTRICTED FEEDING

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. L. Gorrill ◽  
J. M. Bell ◽  
C. M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Mammary Development ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Better Than

The effects of diethylstilbestrol (DES) implants on rate of gain, feed utilization, and carcass characteristics were examined. The pigs (32 gilts, 32 barrows) were studied over the weight range 110 to 200 lb and were fed rations having either 64 or 72% T.D.N. Feeding was done twice daily in individual stalls. Eight of the 16 pigs of each sex and fed each ration received single 12-mg pellets of DES subcutaneously at the base of the ear.DES implants reduced the average daily gains of barrows from 1.53 lb to 1.36 lb but had little or no effect on gilt gains. Daily feed intakes of barrows decreased from 6.0 to 5.3 lb and intakes of gilts increased from 5.0 to 5.4 lb as a result of DES. Implanted gilts digested protein better than non-implanted gilts, whereas the reverse prevailed with barrows.Carcass measurements of longissimus dorsi area and back fat depth revealed only slight effects of DES but mammary development in pigs of both sexes that were implanted resulted in economic loss through carcass trimming. Estrogen tests of lean and fat tissues by mouse assay indicated absence of DES in the carcasses. All implanted gilts exhibited pronounced development of external genitalia.

scholarly journals RAW SOYBEANS IN SWINE GROWING–FINISHING RATIONS

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Young
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Supplemental Protein ◽  
Finisher Diets

Two trials involving a total of 120 Yorkshire SPF swine were conducted to evaluate the effect on live performance and carcass characteristics of replacing supplemental protein from 44% soybean meal (SM) with that from raw ground soybeans (RGS). Levels of 10.80, 16.45 and 22.15% RGS in the grower diets caused slower growth rates and reduced feed efficiency compared with those of pigs that did not receive RGS in their diets (P < 0.05). Although the results were not as consistent as in the grower phase, levels of 11.25 and 15.15% RGS in the finisher diets caused slower growth rate. Pelleting of a diet containing 3.65% RGS resulted in improved feed efficiency compared with that of the same diet unpelleted, when fed in the grower phase (P < 0.05). The area of the loin eye muscle tended to become smaller as the level of RGS in the diet increased. Treatment had no consistent effect on the other measures of carcass quality studied.

scholarly journals The Effects of Feeding Graded Levels of Wheat Offals And Groundnut Shells To Pigs On Their Performance And Carcass Characteristics And Nutrient Utilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
G. M. Babatunde ◽  
B. L. Fetuga ◽  
V. A. Oyenuga ◽  
O. Akpapwunam
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Weaner Pigs

A TOTAL of 70 weaner pigs were used in these studies designed to study the effects of feeding graded levels of wheat offals and groundnut shells in the diets of pigs on their performance characteristics, carcass quality and nutrient utilization abilities. They were all of the Yorkshire and Yorkshire x Landrace crosses, and were reared from about 25 kg to approximately 92 kg liveweight on diets containing 5, 10 and 15% of wheat offals or groundnut shells compared with the control diet which contained neither of these. All the diets were roughly iso nitrogenous, containing about 20% protein.  All pigs on the graded levels of the fibre sources gained more than those on the control diet, consumed more feed and higher digestible energy daily and had inconsistently better feed/gain ratios, but the differences were not significant. Pigs on the ground nut shell diets also gained more weight daily, consumed more feed and digestible energy, but had poorer efficiencies of feed and energy utilization than those on the wheat offals diets, but the differences were also not significant for the three weight categories covered. Generally, feed intake slightly increased, digestible energy intake slightly decreased, while the other response parameters were not consistently affected by the increases in the levels of fibre inclusion. The carcass measurements were not significantly influenced by the levels of fibre inclusion, and there were no definite trends in nearly all the carcass measurements as the fibre levels increased, but there were significant differences due to sources in most of the carcass parameters. Most of the nutrients were significantly depressed in their utilization by the fibre levels and sources.

Türkiye’de Besiye Alınan Simmental, Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, Limousin ve Charolais Irkı Sığırların Besi Performansı ve Karkas Özellikleri

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1383
Author(s):  
Serdar Duru ◽  
Halil Sak
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Fattening Performance ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
Better Than

In this research, it was aimed to determine fattening performance and carcass characteristics of Simmental (SIM), Aberdeen Angus (ANG), Hereford (HER), Limousin (LIM) and Charolais (CHA) breeds. For this purpose, 606 male cattle between 10 and 12 months old imported from Uruguay and France in 2015 were used. All animals were fed ad-libitum for the same ration throughout the fattening period for approximately 7-9 months. Since the animals were slaughtered between April-June 2016, their fattening period were different. As a result of variance analysis, the effects of breed, initial weight (IW) and fattening period (FP) were found to be significant. For SIM (n=100), ANG (n=147), HER (n=149), LIM (n=104) and CHA (n=106); IW were 261.6, 267.3, 276.7, 264.1, 276.7 kg; FP were 206.7, 238.1, 261.4, 227.0, 283.6 days; final weight were 523.4, 543.3, 563.1, 545.5, 589.7 kg; daily weight gain were 1362.9, 1275.9, 1214.2, 1266.9, 1101.1 gr; hot carcass weight were 303.4, 317.7, 332.1, 319.3, 351.2 kg, respectively. CHA performed better than the others for the carcass weight, while SIM for daily weight gain is higher.

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