scholarly journals Prevalence of strongylids of pigs in Ogun State, southwest Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Akinkuotu ◽  
E. B. Jacobs ◽  
A. O. Egbetade
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Species ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Dictyocaulus Viviparus ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Sedimentation Technique ◽  
Regular Screening ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Nematode Eggs

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of strongyles infecting pigs in Ogun State , Southwestern Nigeria. Faecal samples were collected from 209 pigs which were initially screened by centrifugal sedimentation technique. Faeces positive nematode eggs were then cultured using a modified Baermann's technique. Out of the 36.8% (77/209) infected pigs, 84.4%, 58.4%, 57.1%, 19.5% and 6.5% were for Hyostrongylus rubidus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Oesophagostomum spp., Strongyloides ransomi and Dictyocaulus viviparus respectively. Mixed infection with various nematode species accounted for 94.8% of the prevalence. The infection rate in piglets (43.7%) was higher than in weaners and adults without any significant differences. Similarly no significant differences were observed between diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic pigs. The results of this study thus showed the economic importance of strongylid nematode infections in intensively reared pigs in Ogun state. Regular screening to ascertain worm load and species involved will facilitate appropriate control and prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Swine Diseases in Ijebu Division of Ogun State

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
A. O. Talabi ◽  
M. A. Oyekunle ◽  
J. O. Abiola ◽  
G. E. O. Makinde ◽  
S. O. Akinleye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Infection ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Swine Diseases

This study was carried out by visiting 20 towns/ villages in Ijebu-division of Ogun State, where a total of 5,043 pigs were observed for various disease conditions. Blood and faecal samples and skin scrapings were collected from 137 sick animals, of which 3.65% were positive for the presence of Trypanosoma brucei. The following gastrointestinal nematode eggs were found in the faecal samples evaluated: Ascaris sp. (45.26%), Strongyles (10.22%), Strongyloides sp. (5.11%) and Trichuris sp. (2.92%). Sarcoptes scabiei which was the only ectoparasite of pigs encountered in this study accounted for 12.41% of the 137 skin scrapings collected. A total of 606 out of 5,043 animals were found to be clinically sick. Identified disease conditions include wound infection (33.50%), diarrhea (22.11%), piglet anaemia (15.84%), mange (10.89%), tail sore (6.44%), foot rot (4.95%), mastitis (2.97%), metritis (1.82%) and pneumonia (1.49%).  

scholarly journals Parasites of Myocastor coypus – a Comparison in Farm Animals and Their Feral Counterparts

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
S. Nechybová ◽  
I. Langrová ◽  
E. Tůmová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Myocastor Coypus ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Mcmaster Method ◽  
Feral Animals

Abstract The parasitic status in the coypus (nutrias) Myocastor coypus, both farm-bred or free-living on river banks in the Czech Republic, was determined. Faecal samples were collected from 200 coypus originating from 11 farms (farm-bred animals) and from 20 individuals living at 14 natural localities (feral animals). Faeces were examined for nematode eggs and coccidian oocysts using the McMaster method. The evaluation of faeces from farm-bred coypus indicated infection with the following parasites: Trichuris sp., Strongyloides sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Eimeria seidelli, Eimeria nutriae, Eimeria coypi, and Eimeria myopotami. Free-living feral rodents harboured Eimeria nutriae, E. coypi, Strongyloides sp. and in one case also Trichuris sp. An additional visceral examination of 20 coypus originating from five farms revealed two nematode species in the gastrointestinal tracts, namely Trichuris myocastoris and Strongyloides myopotami. The study indicated that feral coypus are far less parasitized than their captive counterparts.

scholarly journals Diverse non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars with multi-drug resistance potentials isolated from chicken faeces in Ogun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
M. Agbaje ◽  
B. Awosile ◽  
O.O. Kehinde ◽  
E.O. Omoshaba ◽  
M.A. Dipeolu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Salmonella Serovars

This study was carried out in selected poultry farms to determine the prevalence, distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns in Salmonella serovars in Ogun State, South-western Nigeria. A total of 200 faecal samples were aseptically collected from the four geographical zones of Ogun State, Nigeria. Seventy-eight Salmonella isolates spread across 39 serovars and representing a prevalence of 39% was recovered. Salmonella Urbana (n=7), Salmonella Kingston (n=6) and Salmonella Agama (n=5) serovars were more commonly isolated. Resistance was most common to ciprofloxacin (29.5%; n=23/78). Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was observed in 15.4% (n=12/78) of the isolates spread across 7 serovars: S. Kentucky, S. Telelkebir, S. Virchow, S. Blockley, S. Chomedey, S. Haifa, and S. Isangi. The study showed the diversity of Salmonella serovars and the increasing trend of antimicrobial resistance in poultry farms in Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria.

The distribution of faecal nematode egg counts in Scottish Blackface lambs following natural, predominantly Ostertagia circumcincta infection

Parasitology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Stear ◽  
K. Bairden ◽  
J. L. Duncan ◽  
G. Gettinby ◽  
Q. A. McKellar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Negative Binomial Distribution ◽  
Binomial Distribution ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Faecal Egg Counts

SUMMARYFaecal samples were taken in 2 consecutive years from Scottish Blackface lambs on a commercial farm in central Scotland to examine variation among lambs in the number of nematode eggs in their faeces. Samples were taken at intervals of 4 weeks from 1 to 5 months of age. Lambs were treated with a broad-spectrum anthelmintic at each sample date. Ewes and lambs were naturally infected by grazing pasture contaminated with mixed, predominantly Ostertagia circumcincta, nematode species. The ewes were removed from the lambs when the lambs were three months old. Only 3 of the 6 sets of samples taken prior to removal of the ewes fitted a negative binomial distribution but all sets of samples taken after this did so. The mean and the variance differed with the month and year of sampling. The amount of variation among lambs increased as the lambs grew from 3 to 5 months of age, possibly because of heterogeneity in the rate of development of protective responses. Counts taken in August and September, when the lambs were 4 and 5 months of age, were positively correlated with each other. In contrast, counts taken at 1 or 2 months of age were negatively correlated with counts taken when the lambs were 3–5 months old. Sex, date of birth, sire and dam were all associated with variation in faecal egg counts but the size and significance of their influence was dependent upon the date when faecal samples were taken. Four factors: sire, dam, sex and year accounted for over two-thirds of the variation among older lambs in faecal egg counts.

Degradation of agricultural land: Evidence from non-farm livelihood sites in Ogun state, Southwest Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
A. K. Aromolaran ◽  
C. I Alarima ◽  
W. A Salami ◽  
E. O. Fakoya ◽  
J. K. Adesodun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

scholarly journals Effect of natural disinfectant (Moringa oleifera) and a chemical disinfectant (calcium hypochlorite) on nematode eggs: bioefficiency and impact of physico-chemical variables

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-346
Author(s):  
Arnold Landry Fotseu Kouam ◽  
Gideon Aghaindum Ajeagah
Keyword(s):  
Petri Dish ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Chemical Disinfectant ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of disinfectant on the viability of eggs from three nematode species (Ascaris, Trichuris, Ankylostoma). It was conducted in a microcosm from June 2018 to June 2019. The wastewater scan was sampled using 5 L sterile containers, the sample was arranged in four replicas, three tests and one control. The test samples received three disinfectants (Moringa, calcium hypochlorite and Moringa associated with calcium hypochlorite) at varying concentrations. The physical and chemical parameters were measured before and after the application of each disinfectant. The samples were then observed under an optical microscope. The viability of the eggs was determined by incubating the Petri dish samples at 30 °C for 30 days. The analyses show that some physicochemical parameters can significantly influence the efficacy of disinfectant on the eggs. The calcium hypochlorite associated with Moringa at 0.6 g/L showed greater efficacy on reducing viability and inactivation of eggs with 100% efficacy yield rates on Ankylostoma and Trichuris trichiuria and 97% on Ascaris lumbricoides eggs; this efficacy is significantly different from that observed on samples treated with Moringa and simple calcium hypochlorite. Of the three parasites tested, A. lumbricoides showed greater resistance to the disinfectant.

Estimation of thermal inertia of Abeokuta Ogun State, southwestern Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
H.I. Kuforiji ◽  
O.D. Akinyemi ◽  
M.A. Busari ◽  
R. Bello
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Ogun State

Comparison of Emission Levels of Motor Cars, Motorcycles, and Tricycles Using Petrol Engines in Southwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 900 ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Odunlami Olayemi Abosede ◽  
Akeredolu Funso Alaba
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
The Mean ◽  
European Standards

The emissions of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbon from four stroke-powered motorcars and two stroke-powered motorcycles and tricycles in Southwest Nigeria were examined using an automotive 4-gas analyer. Results show that tricycles produced more hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions than motorcycles, while motorcycles emitted more of these pollutants than the gasoline fueled motor cars. (The gasoline fueled motorcars produced lowest hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide while the tricycles produced the highest hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions). On the contrary, motor cars had the highest mean value of carbon dioxide followed by the motorcycles, while tricycles had the least. This could be attributed to the presence of the catalytic converters in some of the motor cars oxidizing carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The mean values of hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide emissions from motorcars are 630ppm, 10200ppm and 59900ppm. This is much higher than the NESREA (National Environmental standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency) standards as well as Euro II and Euro III (European standards) for vehicular emission. The mean values for hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide emissions from motorcycles and tricycles are (2150ppm, 21530ppm and 31200ppm) and (2820ppm, 24880ppm and 38710ppm) respectively. These results do not comply with Nigeria and European emission standards for hydrocarbon, and carbon monoxide. Tricycles and motorcycles account for higher concentrations of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide pollutants from mobile sources, while they emit carbon dioxide minimally.

scholarly journals Posterior segment eye diseases in Ijebu, Southwestern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Tayo Julius Bogunjoko ◽  
Adekunle O. Hassan ◽  
Adunola Ogunro ◽  
Toyin Akanbi ◽  
Bidemi Abudu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Age Related

Background: To review cases of posterior segment eye diseases (PSEDs) seen at the Eye Foundation Centre Ijebu, Nigeria in a 5 year period for planning purposes.Methods: Data was collected from patients’ case notes from January 2006 to December 2011. A systematic sampling of 468 patients from 1173 case notes of patient with (PSEDs) was done. Information retrieved was: age, sex, state of residence and diagnosis. All patients were examined by the glaucoma and the vitroretinal specialist as the case may be. They had visual acuity, refraction, slit lamp examination (including intraocular pressure (IOP) with Goldman applanation tonometer), and dilated fundoscopy with (bilateral indirect ophthalmoscopy) BIO, slit lamp using 20 D, 78 D and 90 D respectively. The glaucoma patients in addition had central visual field (CVF), Central cornea thickness (CCT), fundus photograph and in some cases optical coherence tomography (OCT) done in addition to the above.Results: The mean age was 59.98 years (SD 17.67) and the age range is 5-95 years. Males outnumbered females by 63% to 37%. The diseases were more common in age group 61 to 80. Patients’ attendances were mostly from Ijebu division of Ogun state (57%). Glaucoma is the commonest cause of attendance 262 (56%) followed by diabetic retinopathy 29 (6.2%) and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) 28 (6.0%).Conclusions: Glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and ARMD were noted as the commonest PSEDs in Ijebu division in Southwestern Nigeria.

scholarly journals A novel report of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli carrying mcr-1 gene from animal and human feacal samples in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbenga A. Olowe ◽  
Rita A. Olowe ◽  
Adeolu S. Oluremi ◽  
Olusolabomi J. Adefioye
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Faecal Samples

Background: The mobilized colistin resistance (m cr)-1 gene confers transferable colistin resistance. Reports of mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli (MCRPE) have attracted substantial attention. However, in Nigeria, there is no report of mcr-1 gene resistance. Since colistin is a last resort for multiple drug-resistant isolates, this study therefore report the prevalence of mcr-1 gene among E. coli isolated from human and animal sources. Methods: Out of a total of 280 samples collected from animal and hum an faecal samples from selected farms in Oyo and Osun States, Southwestern Nigeria between July 2015 and June 2016, 60 E. coli were identified using standard microbiological methods. The mcr-1 gene was detected in the isolates by conventional PCR assay. Results: The m cr-1 gene was low and not statistically significant (p≥0.05). It was detected in 5 (8.3%) of 60 E. coli isolates (4= animals; 1= human) Conclusion: This study is the first report of mcr -1 gene from E. coli from human and animal sources in Nigeria. This calls for urgent caution in the use of colistin in animal husbandry.

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