scholarly journals Diet therapy for infectious diseases in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.А. Плоскирева
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Stress Reaction ◽  
Energy Substrates ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Изменение обмена веществ при инфекционных болезнях у детей характеризуется однотипностью метаболических сдвигов и обусловлено сочетанием значимого повышения потребности организма в энергии и белково-энергетических субстратах с толерантностью тканей к их усвоению. При этом тяжесть течения инфекции обуславливает развитие относительной нутритивной недостаточности. Нарушения обмена веществ, развивающиеся при инфекционных болезнях у детей, носят характер стереотипной стрессорной реакции, характеризующейся на фоне повышения потребностей организма в белково-энергетических субстратах развитием дисбаланса в обмене углеводов, белков и жиров. В статье рассмотрена проблема важности рационального питания у детей при инфекционных болезнях. Показано, что основными подходами к диетотерапии должны быть этапность, учет возраста ребенка и тяжести болезни. Одним из значимых аспектов профилактики негативного влияния инфекционного процесса и, например, антибактериальной терапии является назначение продуктов функционального питания, содержащих пробиотические компоненты. The change in metabolism in infectious diseases in children is characterized by the same type of metabolic changes and is due to a combination of a significant increase in the body's need for energy and protein-energy substrates with tissue tolerance for their assimilation. At the same time, the severity of the course of the infection determines the development of relative nutritional deficiency. Metabolic disorders that develop in infectious diseases in children are in the nature of a stereotypical stress reaction, characterized by the development of an imbalance in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats against the background of an increase in the body's needs for protein-energy substrates. The article deals with the problem of the importance of a balanced diet in children with infectious diseases. It is shown that the main approaches to diet therapy should be stages, taking into account the child's age and the severity of the disease. One of the significant aspects of preventing the negative impact of the infectious process and, for example, antibacterial therapy is the appointment of functional food products containing probiotic components.

scholarly journals Possibilities of using xylitol and L-arginine drugs in menopause management

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
I.V. Lakhno
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Energy Balancing

Menopause is accompanied by the development of a complex of disorders leading to the onset of metabolic syndrome X. In the pathogenesis of these disorders, hypoestrogenemia and hyperandrogenaemia play a significant role, which cause obesity, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Adipose tissue is a «field» for the synthesis of mediators of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Unfortunately, hormone replacement therapy is not recognized as an intervention for preventing metabolic disorders. Since metabolic disorders reduce the duration of the period of working capacity and life in general, it is necessary to develop a management program focused on preventing or reducing their negative impact on the woman’s well-being. Xylitol is known as an energy-balancing agent with excellent anticatabolic effects. Recently, it was found that xylitol levels can be used to predict the prospects for weight loss without surgery in morbid obesity patients. The normalization of endothelial function is one of the key tasks in the management of menopausal women. It has been proven that a decrease in the level of nitric oxide in women of transitional age causes the development of vasculopathy. Since L-arginine is a substrate for the synthesis of nitric oxide, the use of its preparations is a promising option for women receiving hormone replacement therapy. The development of a therapeutic and prophylactic strategy using hormone replacement therapy, well-balanced physical activity, diet therapy and the use of xylitol and L-arginine preparations can become a reserve for improving the quality of life of women aged over 45. Possible criteria for assessment the effectiveness of a treatment program designed for six months are blood pressure, body mass index, blood glucose, HOMA index, lipid profile, micronutritients levels, as well as an assessment on the Kuperman scale.

Haemophilia Registry of the Medical Committee of the Swiss Haemophilia Society

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S16-S18 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Brand ◽  
N. von der Weid
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Mutation Analysis ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Global Survey ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

SummaryThe Swiss Haemophilia Registry of the Medical Committee of the Swiss Haemophilia Society was established in 2000. Primarily it bears epidemiological and basic clinical data (incidence, type and severity of the disease, age groups, centres, mortality). Two thirds of the questions of the WFH Global Survey can be answered, especially those concerning use of concentrates (global, per capita) and treatment modalities (on-demand versus prophylactic regimens). Moreover, the registry is an important tool for quality control of the haemophilia treatment centres.There are no informations about infectious diseases like hepatitis or HIV, due to non-anonymisation of the data. We plan to incorporate the results of the mutation analysis in the future.

scholarly journals Pandemic Prevention: Lessons from COVID-19

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-444
Author(s):  
Mario Coccia
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Policy Responses

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which appeared in late 2019, generating a pandemic crisis with high numbers of COVID-19-related infected individuals and deaths in manifold countries worldwide. Lessons learned from COVID-19 can be used to prevent pandemic threats by designing strategies to support different policy responses, not limited to the health system, directed to reduce the risks of the emergence of novel viral agents, the diffusion of infectious diseases and negative impact in society.

Role of cannabinoids in various diseases: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simran Kaur ◽  
Nikita Sharma ◽  
Arpita Roy
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Aspect

Background: The plant, Cannabis sativa is heavily explored and researched with many industrial and pharmaceutical applications. The medicinal and therapeutic role of cannabis Sativa has been summarized in the paper, citing its mechanism of action and influence on the human body. Diseases like metabolic disorders, infectious diseases, and psychological disorders pose negative and long-term drastic effects on the body like neurodegeneration and other chronic system failures. Several existing literature has proved its effectiveness against such diseases. Objectives: This review aims to provide an overview of the role of cannabinoids in various diseases like metabolic disorders, infectious diseases, and psychological disorders. Method: Various e-resources like Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were thoroughly searched and read to form a well-informed and information-heavy manuscript. Here we tried to summaries the therapeutic aspect of Cannabis sativa and its bioactive compound cannabinoids in various diseases. Result: This review highlights the various constituents which are present in Cannabis sativa, the Endocannabinoid system, and the role of cannabinoids in various diseases Conclusion: Recent research on Cannabis has suggested its role in neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, sleep disorders, pediatric diseases, and their analgesic nature. Therefore, the authors majorly focus on the therapeutic aspect of Cannabis sativa in various diseases. The focus is also on the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and its role in fighting or preventing bacterial, parasitic, fungal, and viral infections.

scholarly journals Ikan teri Engraulis encrasicolus berpotensi sebagai pangan fungsional

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Wa Ode Salma ◽  
Ruwiah Ruwiah ◽  
Febriana Muchtar ◽  
Nabilah Hanum Mudjahidah ◽  
Karwika Dwi Saputri Nurdin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Good Prospect ◽  
Engraulis Encrasicolus ◽  
The Future ◽  
Soxhlet Method ◽  
Oil Extract ◽  
The City

Anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus is a good prospect to be developed in the future, maybe it can be used for hyperlipidemia diet.  This study, therefore, aims to measure and assess the content of EPA (eikosapentaenoat acid)  and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid).from Anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus  oil extract. The samples were obtained from the city of Kendari in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. It was processed and manufactured at the Halu Oleo University in Pharmacy Laboratory. Furthermore, the extraction process utilized the Soxhlet method, while measuring and analyzing the content of EPA and DHA using UV/Vis Spectropometric. It was found that 25 mg of Anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus oil produced DHA levels of 145,5 mg/g (14,5%) and EPA levels of 97,15 mg/g (7,71%). Anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus is a potential for functional food used to provide protection against diseases associated with metabolic disorders and diet hyperlipidemia.

Burden of chronic conditions among persons with HIV/AIDS and psychiatric comorbidity

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumedha Chhatre ◽  
George Woody ◽  
David S Metzger ◽  
Ravishankar Jayadevappa
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Medical Comorbidity ◽  
Medical Comorbidities ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Intermediate Outcomes

Background: Improved survivorship among persons living with HIV translates into higher risk of medical comorbidities. Objective : We assessed the association between intersection of physical (HIV) and mental health (psychiatric) conditions and intermediate outcomes. Methods: Cross-sectional study of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)-Household Component between 1996 and 2016. We created four groups for persons aged ≥18: (1) HIV + psychiatric comorbidity, (2) HIV, (3) psychiatric comorbidity, and (4) no-HIV/no-psychiatric comorbidity. We compared the burden of medical comorbidities (metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, cancers, infectious diseases, pain, and substance use) across groups using chi square tests. We used logistic regression to determine the association between group status and medical comorbidity. Results: Of 218,133,630 (weighted) persons aged ≥18, 0.18% were HIV-positive. Forty-three percent of HIV group and 19% of no-HIV group had psychiatric comorbidities. Half of the HIV+ psychiatric disorder group had at least one medical comorbidity. Compared to the no-HIV/no-psychiatric comorbidity group, the HIV + psychiatric comorbidity group had highest odds of medical comorbidity (OR= 3.69, 95% CI = 2.99, 4.52). Conclusion: Persons presenting with HIV + psychiatric comorbidity had higher odds of medical comorbidities of pain, cancer, cardiovascular disease, substance use, metabolic disorders and infectious diseases, beyond that experienced by persons with HIV infection or psychiatric disorders, independently. Future research will focus on the mediating effects of social determinants and biological factors on outcomes as quality of life, cost and mortality. This will facilitate a shift away from the single-disease framework and compress morbidity of the aging cohort of HIV-infected persons.

Nanomaterials Useful in Health and Medicine to Improve Public Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-74
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar Dwivedi ◽  
Suvashish Kumar Pandey ◽  
Prashant Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Novel Drug

In modern research, nanotechnology is a very attractive technology and helps to reduce infectious diseases. Nanoparticles have gained significantly more important than the bulk counterparts due to their unique properties. This chapter gives knowledge about the general introduction of nanoparticles with classification and also discussed the effect of nanoparticles impact on public health. Nanotechnology is most widely used to reduced different types of infectious diseases such as bacterial, viral, parasitic diseases, etc. Nanotechnology is applied to detect different types of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and other diseases. Nanotechnology is a useful technique to develop novel drug delivery systems due to their high specificity, high drug-carrying capacity, and high stability. Nanotechnology can be able to improve human health but on the other hand, we have seen a negative impact on human health and environmental health. The solubility and toxicity of nanoparticles is a major issue worldwide.

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