scholarly journals Effects of <i>γ</i>-aminobutyric acid on the tissue structure, antioxidant activity, cell apoptosis, and cytokine contents of bursa of Fabricius in chicks under heat stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Chen ◽  
Yong-Wei Zhou ◽  
Chen Liang ◽  
Ying-Ya Jiang ◽  
Li-Jin Xie
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract. This study aims to investigate the changes in the tissue structure, cell apoptosis, antioxidant activity, and cytokine contents of the bursa of Fabricius (BF) in chicks under heat stress, and the regulation mechanism of the protective effect of dietary γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on BF in chicks. One-day-old male Wenchang chicks were randomly divided into a control group (CK), heat stress group (HS), and GABA + HS group. The index of BF, area of follicle, density of apoptosis, antioxidant activity (SOD, MDA, and GSH-PX), and cytokine contents (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and HSP70) in the BF tissue of chicks were determined at the end of week 1–6. Results showed that HS group had significantly decreased index of BF and area of follicle, and significantly increased density of apoptosis compared with CK group (P < 0.05), while GABA + HS group had significantly increased index of BF and area of follicle, and significantly decreased density of apoptosis compared with HS group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the total SOD activity in the BF tissue among the three groups, except that GABA + HS group had an increase in total SOD activity in week 6, which was significantly different from that of CK and HS groups (P < 0.05). The GSH-PX activity in the BF tissue was high in all groups in the first 3 weeks, but decreased in week 4–6. The MDA content in the BF tissue of HS and GABA + HS groups was significantly increased compared with that of CK group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the HSP70 content between HS and GABA + HS groups (P > 0.05), both of which were significantly decreased compared with that of CK group (P < 0.05). The contents of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the BF tissue increased with age in all three groups in week 1–6. In the later BF development, the content of IL-1β in HS group was significantly decreased compared with that of CK group, whereas the content of IL-6 was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and no significant difference was observed in the content of TNF-α. In contrast, the content of IL-6 in GABA + HS group was significantly decreased compared with that of CK group, and the content of TNF-α was significantly increased (P < 0.05). These results suggested that heat stress caused structural damage to the BF tissue, increased cell apoptosis, and decreased antioxidant activity in the BF of chicks. GABA could alleviate the negative effects of heat stress on the BF tissue and improve the structural and functional development of BF in chicks, by increasing the antioxidant activity, down-regulating IL-6 content, and reducing cell apoptosis in the BF tissue of chicks.

scholarly journals miR-339-3p regulated acute pancreatitis induced by caerulein through targeting TNF receptor-associated factor 3 in AR42J cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 912-922
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Shaofeng Liu ◽  
Zhen Han
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Tnf Receptor ◽  
Associated Factor ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
P38 Pathway

AbstractAcute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease with high morbidity and mortality. The regulation mechanism of miRNA is involved in the production and development of various diseases, but the regulation mechanism of miRNA in AP is still not fully elucidated. The expression of miR-339-3p was detected using quantitative real-time PCR. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry. The protein expressions of TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3), Bcl-2, C-caspase 3, Bax, p-p38, and p38 were measured using western blot. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were applied to ensure that miR-399-3p targeted TRAF3. Caerulein promoted the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, enhanced the expression of C-caspase 3 and Bax while inhibited Bcl-2 protein expression. Meanwhile, caerulein also reduced the expression of miR-339-3p and induced the expression of TRAF3 in rat pancreatic acinar cells. miR-399-3p transfection inhibited the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and C-caspase 3 and Bax protein expression as well as suppressed cell apoptosis, while increased Bcl-2 protein expression in caerulein-induced AP. TRAF3 has been verified as a target of miR-339-3p. Interestingly, the reduction of miR-399-3p inhibited the p38 pathway, which was impaired by the upregulation of TRAF3. In addition, the suppression effects of miR-339-3p on cell inflammation and apoptosis in caerulein-induced AP were reversed by enhancing TRAF3 expression. In this study, in vitro model of AP was characterized by strong inflammation and cell apoptosis. We have first demonstrated the regulatory network of miR-339-3p and TRAF3. Overexpression of miR-339-3p inhibited cell inflammation and cell apoptosis in caerulein-induced AP through modulating TRAF3 expression via the p38 pathway, providing a new therapeutic target in the treatment of AP.

scholarly journals Resveratrol Suppresses Annulus Fibrosus Cell Apoptosis through Regulating Oxidative Stress Reaction in an Inflammatory Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Qunqun Shan ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Peng Yu ◽  
Qingxi Meng
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Annulus Fibrosus ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Stress Reaction ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Apoptosis Ratio

During disc degeneration, the increase of inflammatory cytokines and decrease of disc cell density are two prominent features. Enhanced inflammatory reaction contributes to disc annulus fibrosus (AF) cell apoptosis. In this study, we investigated whether resveratrol can suppress AF cell apoptosis in an inflammatory environment. Rat disc AF cells were cultured in medium with or without tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Resveratrol was added along with the culture medium supplemented with TNF-α. Caspase-3 activity, cell apoptosis ratio, expression of apoptosis-associated molecules (Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, cleaved PARP, and cleaved caspase-3), reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, and the total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. Our results showed that TNF-α significantly increased caspase-3 activity and AF cell apoptosis ratio and upregulated gene/protein expression of Bax, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP, whereas it downregulated the expression of Bcl-2. Moreover, TNF-α significantly increased ROS content but decreased the total SOD activity. Further analysis demonstrated that resveratrol partly attenuated the effects of TNF-α on AF cell apoptosis-associated parameters, decreased ROS content, and increased the total SOD activity in the AF cells treated with TNF-α. In conclusion, resveratrol attenuates inflammatory cytokine TNF-α-induced AF cell apoptosis through regulating oxidative stress reaction in vitro. This study sheds a new light on the protective role of resveratrol in alleviating disc degeneration.

scholarly journals The Liver Protection Effects of Maltol, a Flavoring Agent, on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Inflammatory Response

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Zi Wang ◽  
Jin-gang Hou ◽  
Yan-dan Zhou ◽  
Yu-fang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Nuclear Condensation ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Tnf Α

The purpose of this research was to evaluate whether maltol could protect from hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in vivo by inhibition of apoptosis and inflammatory responses. In this work, maltol was administered at a level of 100 mg/kg for 15 days prior to exposure to a single injection of CCl4 (0.25%, i.p.). The results clearly indicated that the intrapulmonary injection of CCl4 resulted in a sharp increase in serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), irreducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels. Histopathological examination demonstrated severe hepatocyte necrosis and the destruction of architecture in liver lesions. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot analysis suggested an accumulation of iNOS, NF-κB, IL-1β and TNF-α expression. Maltol, when administered to mice for 15 days, can significantly improve these deleterious changes. In addition, TUNEL and Hoechst 33258 staining showed that a liver cell nucleus of a model group diffused uniform fluorescence following CCl4 injection. Maltol pretreatment groups did not show significant cell nuclear condensation and fragmentation, indicating that maltol inhibited CCl4-induced cell apoptosis. By evaluating the liver catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and further using a single agent to evaluate the oxidative stress in CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity by immunofluorescence staining, maltol dramatically attenuated the reduction levels of hepatic CAT, GSH and SOD, and the over-expression levels of CYP2E1 and HO-1. In the mouse model of CCl4-induced liver injury, we have demonstrated that the inflammatory responses were inhibited, the serum levels of ALT and AST were reduced, cell apoptosis was suppressed, and liver injury caused by CCl4 was alleviated by maltol, demonstrating that maltol may be an efficient hepatoprotective agent.

scholarly journals Fermented Oyster Extract Attenuated Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Decreasing Oxidative Stress

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7128
Author(s):  
Seyeon Oh ◽  
Chang Hu Choi ◽  
Bae-Jin Lee ◽  
Joung-Hyun Park ◽  
Kuk-Hui Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attenuation Effect ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Antioxidative Effects

It is well known that oxidative stress induces muscle atrophy, which decreases with the activation of Nrf2/HO-1. Fermented oyster extracts (FO), rich in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and lactate, have shown antioxidative effects. We evaluated whether FO decreased oxidative stress by upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 and whether it decreased NF-κB, leading to decreased IL-6 and TNF-α. Decreased oxidative stress led to the downregulation of Cbl-b ubiquitin ligase, which increased IGF-1 and decreased FoxO3, atrogin1, and Murf1, and eventually decreased muscle atrophy in dexamethasone (Dexa)-induced muscle atrophy animal model. For four weeks, mice were orally administered with FO, GABA, lactate, or GABA+Lactate, and then Dexa was subcutaneously injected for ten days. During Dexa injection period, FO, GABA, lactate, or GABA+Lactate were also administered, and grip strength test and muscle harvesting were performed on the day of the last Dexa injection. We compared the attenuation effect of FO with GABA, lactate, and GABA+lactate treatment. Nrf2 and HO-1 expressions were increased by Dexa but decreased by FO; SOD activity and glutathione levels were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO; NADPH oxidase activity was increased by Dexa but decreased by FO; NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α activities were increased by Dexa were decreased by FO; Cbl-b expression was increased by Dexa but restored by FO; IGF-1 expression was decreased by Dexa but increased by FO; FoxO3, Atrogin-1, and MuRF1 expressions were increased by Dexa but decreased by FO. The gastrocnemius thickness and weight were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO. The cross-sectional area of muscle fiber and grip strength were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO. In conclusion, FO decreased Dexa-induced oxidative stress through the upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1. Decreased oxidative stress led to decreased Cbl-b, FoxO3, atrogin1, and MuRF1, which attenuated muscle atrophy.

Linkage between H. pylori Infection and TNF-α polymorphism in The Pregnant Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghaidaa Raheem Lateef ◽  
Azhar Omaran Al-Thahab
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
H Pylori

A study was performed on 100 pregnant women in the outpatient department of gynecology and obstetrics of Maternity and Children Hospital in Al-Diwaniya City during the period between (March to September 2016). One hundred blood samples (50 for patients and 50 for control) were collected under the supervision of the treating gynecologist. The detection of Helicobacter. pylori was done by the use of the serum antibody Rapid test. The results showed that 50 (100%) were positive and 50 (100%) were negative for H. pylori in above method.All blood of patients and control samples were used for the extraction of genomic DNA,where the 107 bp PCR product size. Genotyping of the TNF-α-308 SNP (G/A)was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR (RFLP-PCR). PCR products were digested with restr NcoI iction enzyme. Individuals with the TNF-α-308(GG) homozygote produced digested DNA bands at 80,and 20 bp bp. A heterozygous genotype ofTNF-α-308 (GA)produced 107 bp,80 bp,and 20 bp bands. Individuals with the TNF-α-308 (AA) homozygote genotype had no amplicon digested and generated only one band of 107 bp. There was a significant difference in the frequency of the TNF-α-308(GG)genotype between H. pylori positive group and H. pylori negative group(72%,78% respectively). Also for GA genotype,there was a significant difference between H. pylori positive group and H. pylori negative group(24%,18% respectively). Concerning the frequency of the TNF-α-308 (AA)genotype between H. pylori positive group and H. pylori negative group,there was no significant difference between the two groups.

scholarly journals Application value of combination therapy of periodontal curettage and root planing on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghuan Bian ◽  
Changhao Liu ◽  
Zhaojiang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background Our study attempted to observe the value of periodontal curettage combined with root planing on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods There involved 72 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2019. The patients enrolled were randomly divided into four groups using a computer-generated table: root planing and periodontal curettage combined group (n = 18), root planning group (n = 18), periodontal curettage group (n = 18) and cleansing group (n = 18). Blood glucose, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), serum levels of inflammatory factors (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha [TNF- α] and hypersensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) were observed before and after treatment. The collecting dates were analyzed by the chi-square χ 2 test, repeated measurement analysis of variance, or t-test according to different data types and research objectives. Results Before treatment, there was no significant difference in PI, GI, PD and AL among the four groups (P> 0.05), while after 3-month treatment, the levels of PI, GI, PD and AL in the combined group were lower than those in the root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group, with both root planing group and periodontal curettage group significantly lower than cleansing group (P< 0.05). The fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the combined group, root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in TNF- α and hs-CRP among the four groups (P> 0.05), but the levels of TNF- α and hs-CRP in the four groups decreased significantly after 3-month treatment (P< 0.05). The levels of TNF- α and hs-CRP in the combined group were lower than those in the root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group, and those in the root planing group and periodontal curettage group were significantly lower than those in the cleansing group (P< 0.05). Conclusion The combination therapy of periodontal curettage and root planing exerted beneficial effects on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which holds the potential to maintain the level of blood glucose and improve the quality of life of the patients.

scholarly journals Expression of miR-195 and its target gene Bcl-2 in human intervertebral disc degeneration and their effects on nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Lin Lin ◽  
Zhao-Yun Zheng ◽  
Qing-Shan Zhang ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
You-Zhi An
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Blank Group ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Objective To investigate the expression of miR-195 and its target gene Bcl-2 in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and its effect on nucleus pulposus (NP) cell apoptosis. Methods The expressions of miR-195 and Bcl-2 in NP tissues of IVDD patients were quantified by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. NP cells were divided into blank group, TNF-α group, TNF-α + miR-NC group, TNF-α + siBcl-2 group, and TNF-α + miR-195 inhibitors + siBcl-2 group. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay, cell apoptosis evaluated by flow cytometry, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) tested by JC-1 staining. Moreover, the function of miR-195 on IVDD in vivo was investigated using a puncture-induced IVDD rat model. Results IVDD patients had significantly increased miR-195 expression and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression in NP tissues. The expression of miR-195 was negatively correlated with the expression of Bcl-2 in IVDD patients. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that Bcl-2 was a target gene of miR-195. In comparison with blank group, TNF-α group showed decreased cell proliferation and MMP, increased cell apoptosis, upregulated expression of miR-195, Bax, and cleaved caspase 3, and downregulated Bcl-2 protein, while these changes were attenuated by miR-195 inhibitors. Additionally, siBcl-2 can reverse the protective effect of miR-195 inhibitors on TNF-α-induced NP cells. Besides, inhibition of miR-195 alleviated IVDD degeneration and NP cell apoptosis in the rat model. Conclusion MiR-195 was significantly upregulated in NP tissues of IVDD patients, and inhibition of miR-195 could protect human NP cells from TNF-α-induced apoptosis via upregulation of Bcl-2.

scholarly journals The Initial Course of IL1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ and TNF-α with Regard to Severity Grade in Acute Pancreatitis

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
Hanna Sternby ◽  
Hannes Hartman ◽  
Henrik Thorlacius ◽  
Sara Regnér
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Temporal Development ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ifn Γ

Clinical reports on early immune dysregulation in acute pancreatitis (AP) are scarce. Herein we investigate the initial temporal development of selected biomarkers. Blood samples were taken at 0–24 and 25–48 h after onsets of AP were acquired. Mean values and temporal intermediate difference (delta-values) of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ and TNF-α were calculated. Differences between severity groups, predictive capacity of the biomarkers and association with severe disease were analyzed. Paired comparison of samples (n = 115) taken at 0–24 and 25–48 h after onsets of AP showed a change over time for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 (p < 0.05) and a significant difference between severity groups after 24 h. In ROC-analysis an IL-6 cut-off level of 196.6 pg/mL could differentiate severe AP (sensitivity 81.9, specificity 91.3). The delta-values of IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly associated with severe outcomes (odds ratios 1.085 and 1.002, respectively). Data of this work demonstrate a distinct change in IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-6 over the first 48 h after onset of AP. The temporal development of biomarkers can assist in the early stratification of the disease. Herein IL-1β and IL-6 were associated with severe disease, however the prognostic capacity of investigated biomarkers is low.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document