scholarly journals Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>, δ(O<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub>) and δ<sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> measurements at Jungfraujoch, Switzerland: results from a flask sampling intercomparison program

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1805-1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. T. van der Laan-Luijkx ◽  
S. van der Laan ◽  
C. Uglietti ◽  
M. F. Schibig ◽  
R. E. M. Neubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Station ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Atmospheric Measurements ◽  
Weekly Basis ◽  
The World ◽  
Intercomparison Exercises ◽  
University Of Bern ◽  
The University

Abstract. We present results from an intercomparison program of CO2, δ(O2/N2) and δ13CO2 measurements from atmospheric flask samples. Flask samples are collected on a bi-weekly basis at the High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch in Switzerland for three European laboratories: the University of Bern, Switzerland, the University of Groningen, the Netherlands and the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry in Jena, Germany. Almost 4 years of measurements of CO2, δ(O2/N2) and δ13CO2 are compared in this paper to assess the measurement compatibility of the three laboratories. While the average difference for the CO2 measurements between the laboratories in Bern and Jena meets the required compatibility goal as defined by the World Meteorological Organization, the standard deviation of the average differences between all laboratories is not within the required goal. However, the obtained annual trend and seasonalities are the same within their estimated uncertainties. For δ(O2/N2) significant differences are observed between the three laboratories. The comparison for δ13CO2 yields the least compatible results and the required goals are not met between the three laboratories. Our study shows the importance of regular intercomparison exercises to identify potential biases between laboratories and the need to improve the quality of atmospheric measurements.

scholarly journals Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>, δ(O<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub>) and δ<sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> measurements at Jungfraujoch, Switzerland: results from a flask sampling intercomparison program

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 7293-7322 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. T. van der Laan-Luijkx ◽  
S. van der Laan ◽  
C. Uglietti ◽  
M. F. Schibig ◽  
R. E. M. Neubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Station ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Atmospheric Measurements ◽  
Weekly Basis ◽  
The World ◽  
Intercomparison Exercises ◽  
University Of Bern ◽  
The University

Abstract. We present results from an intercomparison program of CO2, δ(O2/N2) and δ13CO2 measurements from atmospheric flask samples. Flask samples are collected on a bi-weekly basis at the High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch in Switzerland for three European laboratories: the University of Bern, Switzerland, the University of Groningen, the Netherlands and the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry in Jena, Germany. Almost 4 yr of measurements of CO2, δ(O2/N2) and δ13CO2 are compared in this paper to assess the measurement compatibility of the three laboratories. While the average difference for the CO2 measurements between the laboratories in Bern and Jena meets the required compatibility goal as defined by the World Meteorological Organisation, the standard deviation of the average differences between all laboratories is not within the required goal. However, the obtained annual trend and seasonalities are the same within their estimated uncertainties. For δ(O2/N2) significant differences are observed between the three laboratories. The comparison for δ13CO2 yields the least compatible results and the required goals are not met between the three laboratories. Our study shows the importance of regular intercomparison exercises to identify potential biases between laboratories and the need to improve the quality of atmospheric measurements.

ASSESSMENT OF UKRAINE'S HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN WORLD RATINGS IN CONDITIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryna Nochka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The University

The article is devoted to the analysis tools for assessing human capital based on world rankings in the context of sustainable development. The most famous world rankings of human capital, studied by such international organizations as the World Bank, the United Nations, the World Economic Forum, the University of Groningen in collaboration with the University of California at Davis and others, are considered. Quantifying human capital as the economic and social value of a skill set is measured through an index. Each organization makes measurements according to its own method. The application of different criteria and indicators for assessing human capital at the macroeconomic level is analyzed. The considered assessment methodologies are overwhelmingly based on statistical approaches. Analyzed the position of Ukraine in the world rankings in recent years in dynamics. It has been confirmed that these international ratings can be considered as a reflection of the state of human capital in Ukraine. Revealed quite high rating positions of Ukraine in comparison with other countries. The results allow us to conclude that there is insufficient government funding for the development of human capital. It is concluded that Ukraine needs to improve the quality of human capital as a leading factor in increasing the efficiency of the country's economy in the context of sustainable development. The study showed that the use of high-quality, highly qualified human capital leads to an improvement in the country's position in the world rankings.

scholarly journals Data heterogeneity and oldness, two difficulties to overcome for the world seabed sediment mapping

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Thierry Garlan ◽  
Isabelle Gabelotaud ◽  
Elodie Marchès ◽  
Edith Le Borgne ◽  
Sylvain Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Global Scale ◽  
Single Product ◽  
Seabed Sediment ◽  
Bathymetric Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Data Heterogeneity ◽  
Sediment Data ◽  
The University ◽  
Seabed Sediments

Abstract. A global seabed sediment map has been developed since 1995 to provide a necessary tool for different needs. This project is not completely original since it had already been done in 1912 when the French hydrographic Office and the University of Nancy produced sedimentary maps of the European and North American coasts. Seabed sediments is one of the last geographical domains which can’t benefit of satellite data. Without this contribution, sediment maps need to use very old data mixed with the new ones to be able to reach the goal of a global map. In general, sediment maps are made with the latest available techniques and are replaced after a few decades, thus generating new cartographic works as if all the previous efforts had become useless. Such approach underestimates the quality of past works and prevents to have maps covering large areas. The present work suggests to standardize all kind of sedimentary data from different periods and from very different acquisition systems and integrate them into a single product. This process has already been done for bathymetric data of marine charts, we discuss in this article of the application of this method at a global scale for sediment data.

scholarly journals The BernClim plant phenological data set from the canton of Bern (Switzerland) 1970–2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
This Rutishauser ◽  
François Jeanneret ◽  
Robert Brügger ◽  
Yuri Brugnara ◽  
Christian Röthlisberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Urban And Regional Planning ◽  
Phenological Data ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
University Of Bern ◽  
The University

Abstract. In 1970, the Institute of Geography of the University of Bern initiated the phenological observation network BernClim. Seasonality information from plants, fog and snow was originally available for applications in urban and regional planning and agricultural and touristic suitability and is now a valuable data set for climate change impact studies. Covering the growing season, volunteer observers record the dates of key development stages of hazel (Corylus avellana), dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), apple tree (Pyrus malus) and beech (Fagus sylvatica). All observations consist of detailed site information, including location, altitude, exposition (aspect) and inclination, that makes BernClim unique in its richness in detail on decadal timescales. Quality control (QC) by experts and statistical analyses of the data have been performed to flag impossible dates, dates outside the biologically plausible range, repeated dates in the same year, stretches of consecutive identical dates and statistically inconsistent dates (outliers in time or in space). Here, we report BernClim data of 7414 plant phenological observations from 1970 to 2018 from 1304 sites at 110 stations, the QC procedure and selected applications (Rutishauser et al., 2019: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.900102). The QC points to very good internal consistency (only 0.2 % were flagged as internally inconsistent) and likely high quality of the data. BernClim data indicate a trend towards an extended growing season. They also track the regime shift in the late 1980s well to pronounced earlier dates like numerous other phenological records across the Northern Hemisphere.

scholarly journals Geophysical validation of SCIAMACHY Limb Ozone Profiles

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 4893-4928 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Brinksma ◽  
A. Bracher ◽  
D. E. Lolkema ◽  
A. J. Segers ◽  
I. S. Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Pointing Errors ◽  
Ozone Profile ◽  
Ground Based Lidar ◽  
Constant Altitude ◽  
The University ◽  
Zigzag Shape

Abstract. We discuss the quality of the two available SCIAMACHY limb ozone profile products. They were retrieved with the University of Bremen IFE's algorithm version 1.61 (hereafter IFE), and the official ESA offline algorithm (hereafter OL) versions 2.4 and 2.5. The ozone profiles were compared to a suite of correlative measurements from ground-based lidar and microwave, sondes, SAGE II and SAGE III (Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment). To correct for the expected Envisat pointing errors, which have not been corrected implicitly in either of the algorithms, we applied a constant altitude shift of −1.5 km to the SCIAMACHY ozone profiles. The IFE ozone profile data between 16 and 40 km are biased low by 3–6%. The average difference profiles show a characteristic zigzag shape with a wavelength of approximately 8 km. The standard deviation of the differences is typically 10% between 20 and 35 km. We show that more than 20% of the SCIAMACHY official ESA offline (OL) ozone profiles version 2.4 and 2.5 have unrealistic ozone values, most of these are north of 15° S. The remaining OL profiles compare well to correlative instruments above 24 km. Between 20 and 24 km, they underestimate ozone by 15±5%.

scholarly journals Relationships between University Performances and Economic Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoljargal Dembereldorj ◽  
Garmaa Dangaasuren ◽  
Davaa Jagdag
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
World University Rankings ◽  
The World ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The University

Universities play an important role in the economic development - knowledge economy. Previous studies proposition that universities significantly contribute to the economic development of the countries. Countries implement policies to efficiently connect higher education and the economy. This study explores the relationships between the university performances measured by the world university rankings and the gross domestic product. We employed the data from the World Bank and two university rankings for a period of 2011-2016. We ran correlation analysis followed by t-test analysis for confirming the linear and non-linear relationship. For robustness, we used chi-squared test for independence. The result shows there is a positive non-linear relationship between university performances and GDP. Indicators for citation and research suggests the quality of the research matters more than the mere research and publications. We may conclude that the “research quality” of the university intensive in researching can contribute indirectly to the economic development of the countries.         

Research on the model of university autonomy in the direction of corporate governance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Trinh Thuy Anh ◽  
Bui Quang Hung ◽  
Nguyen Pham Kien Minh
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
University Governance ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
University Autonomy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
The World ◽  
The University

Recently, the trend of university autonomy is seen as a solution to promote the development of universities, improve the quality of education and contribute to the training of high–quality human resources for the country. So how should university autonomy be recognized, evaluated, and development-oriented? Is university autonomy aimed at promoting corporate governance towards corporate governance as a solution to today’s problems? This article aims to assess the current state of university governance in Vietnam and the world. Studies related to the university governance model, which is in the direction of corporate governance – are also analyzed and discussed. This article proposes a model to help standardize modern governance activities according to corporate governance, limit unnecessary overlap between unrelated departments in university activities, thereby promoting the development of universities in the future.

Preface

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. iv
Author(s):  
James R. Bull ◽  
Giuseppe Della Gatta
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Scientific Program ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Societal Relevance ◽  
The World ◽  
The University

The 41st IUPAC World Chemistry Congress took place in Turin, Italy on 5-11 August 2007, under the patronage of the President of the Italian Republic. Local organization was carried out through active collaboration between the National Research Council (CNR), the Italian Chemical Society (SCI), the National Institute of Metrological Research (INRIM), the University of Turin (UNITO), the Turin Polytechnic (POLITO), and the University of Eastern Piedmont (UNIPMN).The Lingotto Conference Center in Turin served as the Congress venue. This recently modernized complex formerly housed what was once the largest motor car factory in the world, and is a fitting tribute to an industry that has played a major role in shaping the present-day city as an important industrial and cultural center. The Congress was well attended by more than 2000 delegates from all parts of the world, and they were rewarded with multidisciplinary insights and perspectives that catered for all aspects of the subject. At the same time, it was possible to enjoy the abundant hospitality of the local hosts and, when opportunity permitted, to explore some of the distinctive cultural, historical, and scenic features of Turin and its surroundings.The Congress theme of ‚ÄúChemistry Protecting Health, Natural Environment and Cultural Heritage‚Äù served to highlight topical and challenging issues, and presented a program that celebrated the societal relevance of the chemical sciences in modern times. The tone for the scientific proceedings was set by an outstanding program of plenary presentations that included three Nobel laureates, Profs. R. Hoffmann (Cornell University, USA), R. Hüber (Max-Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Münich, Germany), and K. Wüthrich (ETH, Zürich, Switzerland), along with Profs. V. Balzani (University of Bologna, Italy), A. Fujishima (Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Japan), and Dr. J. Wouters (Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage, Belgium). Major program sessions were devoted to the title themes, exemplifying the positive role that chemistry plays in health, the natural environment, and cultural heritage. Six additional sessions were devoted to subdisciplinary themes and to chemical education. About 45 keynote lectures were delivered during parallel sessions, together with numerous contributed papers and posters. As always, poster sessions proved immensely popular amongst delegates and provided much opportunity for informal interaction, particularly with the large number of younger scientists who featured prominently in this part of the program.Publication of selected works based upon IUPAC Congress proceedings can be traced back to the origins of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It is therefore a pleasure to offer readers a representative glimpse of a diverse scientific program, and to continue a fine publication tradition that promises to enrich the archive. Congress papers are augmented in this issue by co-publication with those arising from the parallel event CHEM-BIO-TECH2007, a joint meeting of the IUPAC 1st Symposium on Chemical Biotechnology (ISCB-1) and the 8th Symposium on Bioorganic Chemistry (ISBOC-8). The organizers are grateful to all who contributed to a successful scientific program, and particularly thank those enthusiastic presenters who consented to contribute to this permanent record of a memorable Congress.James R. BullIUPAC Scientific EditorGiuseppe Della GattaConference Editor

scholarly journals 14C Analysis and Sample Preparation at the New Bern Laboratory for the Analysis of Radiocarbon with AMS (LARA)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (02) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sönke Szidat ◽  
Gary A Salazar ◽  
Edith Vogel ◽  
Michael Battaglia ◽  
Lukas Wacker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Carbon Dating ◽  
Climate Research ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up ◽  
University Of Bern ◽  
The University

The University of Bern has set up the new Laboratory for the Analysis of Radiocarbon with AMS (LARA) equipped with an accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) MICADAS (MIni CArbon Dating System) to continue its long history of14C analysis based on conventional counting. The new laboratory is designated to provide routine14C dating for archaeology, climate research, and other disciplines at the University of Bern and to develop new analytical systems coupled to the gas ion source for14C analysis of specific compounds or compound classes with specific physical properties. Measurements of reference standards and wood samples dated by dendrochronology demonstrate the quality of the14C analyses performed at the new laboratory.

Etos uniwersytetu a globalny kłopot z jego tożsamością

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 24-42
Author(s):  
Joanna Dudek
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Scientific Fraud ◽  
Academic Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
Idea Of The University ◽  
The Ideal

The fundamental activity enabling the revival of the university ethos is to reconsider the specific mission of the university in times of changing reality. One commonly experiences the divergence between values and principles that traditionally referred to the idea of the university and its ethos, and the practice of entangling the world of science in the sphere of politics, ideology and business. On the other hand, there are noticeable actions demonstrting the ability of self-assessment and self-report: the disclosure of scientific fraud, publicity of conflicts of interest, struggle for scientific independence and autonomy of the university, dissemination of good manners in science. The situation requires from academic communities to redefine the ideal of the university that will determine its contemporary identity, mission, and the quality of its ethos.

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