High-Quality Global Data Management Framework for Climate: A Collaboration Framework for Assessing, Validating and Sharing Datasets for Climate Monitoring

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Wright ◽  
Christina Lief ◽  
Ge Peng ◽  
Omar Baddour ◽  
Peter Siegmund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
World Meteorological Organization ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Climate Indicators ◽  
The World ◽  
International Data ◽  
Global Data

<p>In recognition of the need for data used in climate-related activities to be reliably and transparently managed, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO[1]) Congress adopted a High-Quality Global Data Management Framework for Climate (HQ-GDMFC) at its eighteenth session in June 2019. The HQ-GDMFC enables effective standards-based development and exchange of high-quality climate data.  The scope of the HQ-GDMFC includes all of the Essential Climate Variables under WMO auspices, as described in WMO Resolution 60 (Cg-17).  This includes observational data as well as data derived from climate analysis, reanalysis, predictions and projections.  The framework of collaboration incorporates the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services’ Data Management units, Regional Climate Centers, international data centers, climate research bodies, certain Government agencies, academia and any other institution dealing with climate data archival, management, analysis and exchange. An International Expert Group on Climate Data Modernization (IEG-CDM<sup>2</sup>) was established in 2018<sup>3</sup>, involving subject matter experts from several WMO programs and international data centers to guide the development of practical tools required for assessing data maturity for climate purposes.</p><p>We present here the structure, elements and associated guidance and tools of the HQ-GDFMC. The essential components are: (1) The standards and recommended best practices for climate data management and stewardship are encapsulated in a <strong>regulatory manual called the Manual on HQ-GDMFC</strong> (WMO-No 1238). (2) A <strong>guidance booklet provides guidance on maturity assessment of climate datasets</strong> that contribute to the computation and analysis of climate indicators supporting climate policy-relevant information. (3) <strong>A climate data catalogue</strong> in support of climate change monitoring has been established, with the aim of providing a living list of datasets, with a primary focus on climate indicators. It is recommended that the maturity of such datasets be assessed; a maturity rating provides users with information on the level of maturity in documentation, archival, access, data quality assurance, data integrity and more, for each of the datasets.</p><div><br><div> <p>[1] The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is a United Nations’ specialized agency in the field of weather, water and climate. As part of its activities, WMO fosters international collaboration to develop technical guidance and standards for the collection, processing, and management of data and forecast products.</p> <p> </p> <p><sup>2</sup> The International Expert Group on Climate Data Modernization (IEG-CDM) is an Ad-Hoc group run with the support of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).</p> <p> </p> <p><sup>3</sup> The participants of the 2018 workshop implicitly formed the membership of the Ad-Hoc IEG-CDM team. (Reference report)</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> </div> </div>

scholarly journals Exploring the Availability and Potential of International Data for Criminological Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Amy E. Nivette
Keyword(s):  
International Research ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The World ◽  
International Data ◽  
International Knowledge ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Cultural Data

AbstractDespite advances in recent decades to internationalize criminology, one major roadblock that is often mentioned is the difficulty in collecting and obtaining high-quality international and cross-cultural data. More than ever, there is a growing amount of international data covering a wide variety of topics relevant to understanding crime. Visible and accessible international data can open up channels for dialogue and collaboration between cultures and regions, as well as opportunities to test, refine, and develop theoretical and empirical knowledge. This paper therefore aims to make the ‘world of data’ out there more visible not only to shed light on the potential for international research and collaboration, but to highlight the growing, rich body of international knowledge that already exists.

Analysis Criteria for Choosing Energy Efficient High-Quality Light Sources and Luminaires

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Gennady Ya. Vagin ◽  
Eugene B. Solntsev ◽  
Oleg Yu. Malafeev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
The World ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Energy Labelling

The article analyses critera applying to the choice of energy efficient high quality light sources and luminaires, which are used in Russian domestic and international practice. It is found that national standards GOST P 54993–2012 and GOST P 54992– 2012 contain outdated criteria for determining indices and classes of energy efficiency of light sources and luminaires. They are taken from the 1998 EU Directive #98/11/EU “Electric lamps”, in which LED light sources and discharge lamps of high intensity were not included. A new Regulation of the European Union #874/2012/EU on energy labelling of electric lamps and luminaires, in which these light sources are taken into consideration, contains a new technique of determining classes of energy efficiency and new, higher classes are added. The article has carried out a comparison of calculations of the energy efficiency classes in accordance with GOST P 54993 and with Regulation #874/2012/EU, and it is found out that a calculation using GOST P 54993 gives underrated energy efficiency classes. This can lead to interdiction of export for certain light sources and luminaires, can discredit Russian domestic manufacturer light sources and does not correspond to the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO).

BROADCASTING PRODUCTS OF THE RADIO STATION «LVIVSKA KHVYLYA»: THE GENRE AND THEMATIC CHARACTERISTICS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25242644 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Vitalii Handziuk
Keyword(s):  
Radio Station ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Fm Radio ◽  
The World

The main principles of developing of a program concept, target, genre-thematic and audience intended purposes of the Ukrainian FM-radio station «Lvivska khvylya» radio series are considered. It’s concluded that the radio «Lvivskа khvylya» successfully creates the actual, original content of the broadcast, hold onto the genres of radio journalism and the formula of radio success – a beautiful and cheerful mood, a friendly and relaxed atmosphere, a lively conversation; promptly informs the audience about current and important events in the country and in the world; journalists create high-quality content – informational, analytical, entertainment and musical radio series.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research on Lophomonas sp. in Scopus (1933-2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Keighobadi ◽  
Maryam Nakhaei ◽  
Ali Sharifpour ◽  
Ali Akbar Khasseh ◽  
Sepideh Safanavaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Scopus Database ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Global Research

Background: This study was designed to analyze the global research on Lophomonas spp. using bibliometric techniques. Methods: A bibliometric research was carried out using the Scopus database. The analysis unit was the research articles conducted on Lophomonas spp. Results: Totally, 56 articles about Lophomonas spp. were indexed in the Scopus throughout 1933-2019 ( 87 years ) with the following information: (A) The first article was published in 1933; (B) 21 different countries contributed in studies related to Lophomonas spp.; (C) China ranked first with 16 publications about Lophomonas spp.; and (D) “Brugerolle, G” and “Beams, H.W.” from France and the US participated in 4 articles respectively, as the highest number of publications in the Lophomonas spp. network. Discussion: After 87 years, Lophomonas still remains unknown for many researchers and physicians around the world. Further studies with high quality and international collaboration are urgently needed to determine different epidemiological aspects and the real burden of the mysterious parasite worldwide.

scholarly journals Climate drivers of plague epidemiology in British India, 1898–1949

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1928) ◽  
pp. 20200538
Author(s):  
Warren S. D. Tennant ◽  
Mike J. Tildesley ◽  
Simon E. F. Spencer ◽  
Matt J. Keeling
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Models ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
British India ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Plague, caused by Yersinia pestis infection, continues to threaten low- and middle-income countries throughout the world. The complex interactions between rodents and fleas with their respective environments challenge our understanding of human plague epidemiology. Historical long-term datasets of reported plague cases offer a unique opportunity to elucidate the effects of climate on plague outbreaks in detail. Here, we analyse monthly plague deaths and climate data from 25 provinces in British India from 1898 to 1949 to generate insights into the influence of temperature, rainfall and humidity on the occurrence, severity and timing of plague outbreaks. We find that moderate relative humidity levels of between 60% and 80% were strongly associated with outbreaks. Using wavelet analysis, we determine that the nationwide spread of plague was driven by changes in humidity, where, on average, a one-month delay in the onset of rising humidity translated into a one-month delay in the timing of plague outbreaks. This work can inform modern spatio-temporal predictive models for the disease and aid in the development of early-warning strategies for the deployment of prophylactic treatments and other control measures.

scholarly journals A Gap in Brain Gain for Emerging Countries: Evidence of International Immigration on Non-Resident Patents

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Bolortuya Enkhtaivan ◽  
Jorge Brusa ◽  
Zagdbazar Davaadorj
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Culture Learning ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Creative People ◽  
Brain Gain ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
The World ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
Global Data

Immigration is a controversial topic that draws much debate. From a human sustainability perspective, immigration is disadvantageous for home countries causing brain drains. Ample evidence suggests the developed host countries benefit from immigration in terms of diversification, culture, learning, and brain gains, yet less is understood for emerging countries. The purpose of this paper is to examine the presence of brain gains due to immigration for emerging countries, and explore any gaps as compared to developed countries. Using global data from 88 host and 109 home countries over the period from 1995 to 2015, we find significant brain gains due to immigration for emerging countries. However, our results show that there is still a significant brain gain gap between emerging and developed countries. A brain gain to the developed host countries is about 5.5 times greater than that of the emerging countries. The results hold after addressing endogeneity, self-selection, and large sample biases. Furthermore, brain gain is heterogenous by immigrant types. Skilled or creative immigrants tend to benefit the host countries about three times greater than the other immigrants. In addition, the Top 10 destination countries seem to attract the most creative people, thus harvest the most out of the talented immigrants. In contrast, we find countries of origin other than the Top 10 seem to send these creative people to the rest of the world.

scholarly journals Urban Thermal Risk

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Dimitra Founda
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
World Meteorological Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Thermal Risk

Global warming is accelerating and according to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the decade from 2011 to 2020 was the warmest recorded decade ever [...]

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