Biochar vs magnesite amendments for metals immobilization: lab-scale and field experiments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Baragaño ◽  
Daniel Arenas Lago ◽  
José Luis R. Gallego ◽  
Rubén Forján Castro
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Metal Availability ◽  
Industrial Change ◽  
The Impact

<p>The process of industrial change has resulted in the creation of so-called ‘brownfields’ across Europe, particularly in urban areas, in the industrial sections of cities. The need to recover these brownfields can be linked to the new European Commission program "Zero Wastes", that is, to restore or recondition these areas by applying amendments made with by-products or green elements. In this sense, the capacities of magnesite and biochar, inorganic and organic soil amendments respectively, were tested to reduce metal availability and improve the properties of a soil severely contaminated by Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn. To this end, two implementation steps were performed.</p><p>First, 1 kg pots containing the polluted soil were amended with either magnesite or biochar and then determined metal availability and soil properties at days 15 and 75 in a greenhouse experiment. In addition, to evaluate the impact of the two treatments on plant growth, the experimental trials were carried out using Brassica juncea L. and compost addition. Both amendments, but particularly magnesite, markedly decreased metal availability. Soil properties were also improved, as revealed by increases in the cation exchangeable capacity. However, plant growth was inhibited by magnesite amendment. This effect was probably due to an increase in soil pH, cation exchange capacity and a high Mg concentration. In contrast, biochar increased biomass production whereas decreased the content of metals harvested. Then, a field scale experiment was performed in situ by means of treating 1 ton of the soil with the magnesite and also with the biochar. Brassica juncea L. was used for testing the impact on plants, and the experiment was monitored at 3, 30 and 60 days from the beginning of the experiment. Similar results to the greenhouse experiment were obtained.</p><p>In conclusion, the results indicate that magnesite amendment may be suitable for stabilizing contaminated soils (or even spoil heaps) where revegetation is not a priority. In contrast, although biochar has a lower, but still significant, capacity to immobilize metals, its use emerges as a promising tool for restoring soil properties and thus favoring plant growth.</p><p><strong>Acknowledgment</strong></p><p>This work was supported by the research projects NANOBIOWASH CTM2016-75894-P (AEI/FEDER, UE) and NANOCAREM MCI-20-PID2019-106939GB-I00 (AEI/FEDER, UE).</p><p>Diego Baragaño obtained a grant from the “Formación del Profesorado Universitario” program, financed by the “Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte de España”.</p><p>Arenas-Lago D. thanks to his postdoc contract ED481D 2019/007 (Xunta de Galicia and Universidade de Vigo).</p>

scholarly journals Efficacy of Indole Acetic Acid and Exopolysaccharides-Producing Bacillus safensis Strain FN13 for Inducing Cd-Stress Tolerance and Plant Growth Promotion in Brassica juncea (L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4160
Author(s):  
Farheen Nazli ◽  
Xiukang Wang ◽  
Maqshoof Ahmad ◽  
Azhar Hussain ◽  
Bushra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Effective Strain ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Bacillus Safensis

Untreated wastewater used for irrigating crops is the major source of toxic heavy metals and other pollutants in soils. These heavy metals affect plant growth and deteriorate the quality of edible parts of growing plants. Phytohormone (IAA) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can reduce the toxicity of metals by stabilizing them in soil. The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the IAA and EPS-producing rhizobacterial strains for improving growth, physiology, and antioxidant activity of Brassica juncea (L.) under Cd-stress. Results showed that Cd-stress significantly decreased the growth and physiological parameters of mustard plants. Inoculation with Cd-tolerant, IAA and EPS-producing rhizobacterial strains, however, significantly retrieved the inhibitory effects of Cd-stress on mustard growth, and physiology by up regulating antioxidant enzyme activities. Higher Cd accumulation and proline content was observed in the roots and shoot tissues upon Cd-stress in mustard plants while reduced proline and Cd accumulation was recorded upon rhizobacterial strains inoculation. Maximum decrease in proline contents (12.4%) and Cd concentration in root (26.9%) and shoot (29%) in comparison to control plants was observed due to inoculation with Bacillus safensis strain FN13. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was increased due to Cd-stress; however, the inoculation with Cd-tolerant, IAA-producing rhizobacterial strains showed a non-significant impact in the case of the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX) and catalase (CAT) in Brassica juncea (L.) plants under Cd-stress. Overall, Bacillus safensis strain FN13 was the most effective strain in improving the Brassica juncea (L.) growth and physiology under Cd-stress. It can be concluded, as the strain FN13 is a potential phytostabilizing biofertilizer for heavy metal contaminated soils, that it can be recommended to induce Cd-stress tolerance in crop plants.

scholarly journals Improvement Growth, Yield, and Seed Quality of Pea Plants Using Glass Fertilizers and Bio-Fertilizers.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman G. Sayed ◽  
Mona A. Ouis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A new glass fertilizer (GF) system of main composition 60P2O5.30K2O.3.5ZnO. 3.5MnO.3Fe2O3 was developed in response to the needs of pea plants with bio-fertilizers (Rhizobium leguminosarum. Bv.vicieae, Bacillus megaterium var phosphaticum, Bacillus circulans).GF was prepared by the traditional melt quenching technique at 1150°C. Characterization of prepared system was done using FTIR spectra before and after immersion in a simulated actual agriculture medium like 2% citric acid and distilled water. During two winter seasons, two successful field experiments were conducted at Cairo University's Eastern Farm to determine the impact of chemical, glass, and bio-fertilizers on plant growth, yield attributes, and seed quality of pea plant. Control treatment were without any addition of recommended chemical fertilizers and other treatments were full dose of recommended chemical fertilizers (100%RDF), glass fertilizers at rate 60 kg fed− 1, Glass fertilizers at rate30 kg fed− 1, 50% RDF ,100%RDF + bio-fertilizers, Glass fertilizers at rate 60 kg fed− 1 + bio-fertilizers, glass fertilizers at rate 30 kg fed− 1+ bio-fertilizers, 50%RDF + bio-fertilizers. Plots received 60 kg fed− 1 glass fertilizers + bio-fertilizers show the highest significant increment in plant growth, number and weight of pods plant− 1, number of grain pods− 1, grain yield, biological yield, P%, k% in pea leaves and quality of pea seeds compared with plots without any addition (control) in both seasons.

Impact of plant growth regulators and soil properties on Miscanthus x giganteus biomass parameters and uptake of metals in military soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Nebeská ◽  
Valentina Pidlisnyuk ◽  
Tatyana Stefanovska ◽  
Josef Trögl ◽  
Pavlo Shapoval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Miscanthus X Giganteus ◽  
Unusual Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The impact of plant growth regulators (PGRs) “Stimpo” and “Regoplant” on Miscanthus x giganteus (Mxg) biomass parameters was investigated when the plant was grown in military soils with different properties from Dolyna, Ukraine and Hradcany, Czech Republic. The results showed that PGRs positively influenced the biomass parameters when the plant was grown in soil in Dolyna with good agricultural characteristics, the influence of “Regoplant” was higher and the best results were obtained with combined treatment: application to rhizomes before planting and spraying on the biomass during vegetation. Using of PGRs did not improve the biomass parameters when the plant was grown in poor soil in Hradcany. In parallel the peculiarities of the metals uptake process were studied for the following metals: chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), strontium (Sr) and lead (Pb). The uptake behavior of the monitored elements differed based on the soil quality. According to the bioconcentration factor uptake of the abiogenic elements, Cr and Pb, was dominant in the plant roots in both soils, whereas Ni was not detected in any plant tissues. The behavior of biogenic elements (Mn, Cu, Zn) and their analogs (Sr) was different. Those elements were more intensively taken up in shoot tissues in low-nutrient sandy Hradcany soils, while they were mainly taken up in plant roots in fertile Dolyna soils. The unusual behavior of biogenic elements in the low-nutrient soils may be explained by the effect of stress. However, more research is needed focused mainly on soil properties and nutrient availability in order to confirm or disprove this hypothesis and to explore the cause of the stress. The summarized results here show that soil properties influenced Mxg biomass parameters, affected the uptake behavior of metals significantly and tested PGRs cannot be utilized universally in the production of Mxg in the poor military soils.

scholarly journals Small-Sized Nanophosphorus Has a Positive Impact on the Performance of Fenugreek Plants under Soil-Water Deficit Stress: A Case Study under Field Conditions

Biology ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Alaa I. B. Abou-Sreea ◽  
Marwa Kamal ◽  
Dalia M. El Sowfy ◽  
Mostafa M. Rady ◽  
Gamal F. Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient necessary for plant growth, development, and reproduction. Two field experiments were carried out in 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 on P-deficient soil to evaluate the impact of foliar fertilization with nanophosphorus (nP) on growth, yield, and physio-biochemical indices, as well as trigonelline content of fenugreek plants under deficient irrigation (dI) stress (a deficit of 20 and 40% of crop evapotranspiration; dI-20 and dI-40). The growth and yield traits, leaf integrity (relative water content and membrane stability index), photosynthetic pigment contents, leaf and seed P contents, and stem and leaf anatomical features significantly decreased under dI-20, with greater reductions recorded under dI-40. In contrast, water-use efficiency, osmoprotective compounds, including free amino acids, soluble sugars, proline, and trigonelline, along with antioxidant contents (ascorbate, glutathione, phenolics, and flavonoids) and their activity increased significantly under both dI-20 and dI-40. However, foliar feeding with nano-P considerably increased plant growth and yield traits, leaf integrity, photosynthetic pigments contents, leaf and seed P contents, and anatomical features. Besides, water-use efficiency, osmoprotectant contents, and antioxidant content and activity were further increased under both dI-20 and dI-40. The positive effects were more pronounced with the smaller nP (25 nm) than the larger nP (50 nm). The results of this study backed up the idea of using foliar nourishment with nP, which can be effective in modulating fenugreek plant growth and seed production.

scholarly journals No Effect Level of Co-Composted Biochar on Plant Growth and Soil Properties in a Greenhouse Experiment

Agronomy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardy Schulz ◽  
Gerald Dunst ◽  
Bruno Glaser
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Effect Level

scholarly journals The Effect of Peat and Vermicompost Cavitation Products on the Soil Biological Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Vilhelmine Steinberga ◽  
Laila Dubova ◽  
Ina Alsina ◽  
Galina Gmizo ◽  
Solveiga Malecka
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
State Institute ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Cereal Breeding ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Commercial products with humic substances have often been recommended for plant growth stimulation and yield improvement. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of two products, containing cavited peat and vermicompost respectively on the soil biological activity. Vegetation experiments with garden cress and cucumbers were arranged in pots with a peat substratum in the greenhouses of the Latvia University of Agriculture. The plants were treated with the preparations once a month. The first treatment was done at sowing. Dose of 20, 2, 0.2 mL per m2 during each treatment time were used. A control variant was without peat or vermicompost preparation. Field experiments with onions were carried out in the organic farming experimental field of the Latvia State Institute of Cereal Breeding. Plant growth and soil (substratum) biological activity (respiration and enzymatic activity) were tested. Plant growth and response to the different preparations depended on the plant species and its development stage. The effect of preparations decreases during plant development. The impact of peat or vermicompost preparation on soil biological activity depended not only on the concentration of preparation, but was influenced by the soil or growth media type. The decrease of onion yield in field conditions as a result of preparations was observed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Biochar Application on Soil Properties and Plant Growth of Pot Grown Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and Cabbage (Brassica chinensis)

Agronomy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Carter ◽  
Simon Shackley ◽  
Saran Sohi ◽  
Tan Suy ◽  
Stephan Haefele
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Brassica Chinensis ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Effect of Different Mineral Fertilizers on Quality of Turmeric and Soil Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9437
Author(s):  
Dilfuza Jabborova ◽  
Khurshid Sulaymanov ◽  
R. Z. Sayyed ◽  
Saad H. Alotaibi ◽  
Yuriy Enakiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
P Content ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total P

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different mineral fertilizers on mineral contents in turmeric rhizomes and soil enzyme activities and soil properties under field conditions in Uzbekistan. The present study is the first report on the impact of mineral fertilizers in turmeric rhizomes and soil enzymes and soil properties in Uzbekistan. The experiment was carried out with four treatments: T1—Control, T2—N75P50K50 kg/ha, T3–N125P100K100 kg/ha, and T4—N100P75K75 + B3Zn6Fe6 kg/ha. Turmeric rhizomes and soil samples were collected from field experiments at the Surkhandarya scientific experimental station of the vegetable, melon crops and potato research institute, Surkhandarya, Uzbekistan. The data showed that T3—the NPK (125:100:100 kg/ha) and T4—the NPK + BZnFe (100:75:75:3:6:6 kg/ha) treatments significantly enhanced K content by 27–21%, Ca content by 43–38%, and P content by 54–17% in turmeric rhizomes as compared to control without fertilizer. A maximum of turmeric rhizome microelements content was recorded with T4, which also resulted in improved Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, and Mo contents in turmeric rhizomes and mineral contents of soil compared to other treatments. This treatment significantly enhanced active P content by 34%, active K content by 25%, total P content by 62%, total K content by 14%, and the activities of soil urease, invertase, catalase, and phosphatase over those in the control. The present study results suggest that the application of NPK + BZnFe (100:75:75:3:6:6 kg/ha) improves macro and micronutrient contents in turmeric rhizomes and activities of soil enzymes and physicochemical properties of soil.

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