The glacier seismo-acoustic monitoring system in the Ukrainian Antarctic Station region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmila Liashchuk ◽  
Oleksandr Liashchuk ◽  
Vadym Zhukovsky ◽  
Yevheniy Karyagin ◽  
Yuriy Andrushchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Signal Wave ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Regular Triangle ◽  
Correlation Processing ◽  
First Results ◽  
Gnss Measurements

<p>Continuous long-term monitoring of the glacier is not an easy task. For the Woozle Hill ice cap near the Vernadsky Research Station, which is located on Galindez Island (Argentine Islands Archipelago), the task was solved by periodic ice sampling, GNSS measurements, photometry, and the use of GPR in the summer season. Some meteorological parameters were also periodically measured inside the ice cave in the glacier when conditions were favorable. In the past few years, GPR measurements have become more constant, and now they are carried out monthly. For continuous monitoring of the internal stresses of the glacier, we proposed using a network of seismoacoustic mini-arrays located along the perimeter of the glacier. Each array consists of four seismoacoustic sensors arranged in a cross. The length of the line between the extreme sensors reaches 100 meters. Proprietary sensors use an optical system for recording the seismic and infrasonic vibrations. The built-in microcontroller of each sensor transmits the digitized data (16 bit, 100(300) Hz) to the main unit based on the LattePanda, where preprocessing is performed. GPS receiver is also connected here for data synchronization. There is a Wi-Fi module for transmitting data to the collection station. Also, data can be transmitted to the collection station by wires installed on the cable-growth. Power is supplied 220 V through an adapter and a 12V battery. The sensors are waterproof, the rest of the equipment is assembled in a sealed waterproof box. There are three such arrays, in their turn, they form a regular triangle with a side of 700 meters, inside which there is a glacier. The processing consists of detecting signals in each array by the STA / LTA method, followed by correlation processing of the selected data fragment and calculating the azimuth to the signal, wave velocity, period, and amplitude. Also, the isolation of the coherent part of the low-intensity signal at the noise level can be carried out without preliminary STA / LTA detection, using algorithm F-statistics. Correlated interference is clipped in azimuth. The intersection of two or three azimuths allows you to locate the signal source. All parameters of detections with time stamps are recorded in the database and can be further processed using station meteorological data. The system began to be deployed around the glacier in January 2021. The presentation will present the first results of the deployed monitoring system.</p>

Elastic Properties of Sputtered Thin Films: Influence of Different Preparation Conditions

1993 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.E. Bottani ◽  
M. Elena ◽  
M. Beghi ◽  
G. Ghislotti ◽  
L. Guzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Elastic Behaviour ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Pvd Coatings ◽  
Tin Films ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
First Results

ABSTRACTThis work presents the first results of a study aimed at better understanding the elastic behaviour of hard coatings produced by various techniques. This is important also in view of the need to be able to control the level of internal stresses, particularly in PVD coatings. It is well known that in extreme cases excessive internal stress can lead to complete film destruction. We devote this paper to reactively magnetron sputtered TiN, one of the most widely used compounds. Thin TiN films of different compositions were deposited on Si substrates and characterized by SEM, AES, XRD and Brillouin light scattering.

scholarly journals Observation of the rock slope thermal regime, coupled with crack meter stability monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Racek ◽  
Jan Blahůt ◽  
Filip Hartvich
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Global Radiation ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
First Results

Abstract. This article describes an innovative, complex and affordable monitoring system designed for joint observation of environmental parameters, rock block dilatations and temperature distribution inside the rock mass with a newly designed 3-meter borehole temperature sensor. Global radiation balance data are provided by pyranometers. The system introduces a novel approach for internal rock mass temperature measurement, which is crucial for the assessment of the changes in the stress field inside the rock slope influencing its stability. The innovative approach uses an almost identical monitoring system at different sites allowing easy setup, modularity and comparison of results. The components of the monitoring system are cheap, off-the-shelf and easy to replace. Using this newly designed system, we are currently monitoring three different sites, where the potential rock fall may endanger society assets below. The first results show differences between instrumented sites, although data time-series are relatively short. Temperature run inside the rock mass differs for each site significantly. This is very likely caused by different aspects of the rock slopes and different rock types. By further monitoring and data processing, using advanced modelling approaches, we expect to explain the differences among the sites, the influence of rock type, aspect and environmental variables on the long-term slope stability.

scholarly journals Climate reconstruction since the Little Ice Age by modelling Koryto glacier, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (184) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Yamaguchi ◽  
Renji Naruse ◽  
Takayuki Shiraiwa
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Kamchatka Peninsula ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Equilibrium Line Altitude ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Glacier Terminus ◽  
Tree Ring Data

AbstractBased on the field data at Koryto glacier, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, we constructed a one-dimensional numerical glacier model which fits the behaviour of the glacier. The analysis of meteorological data from the nearby station suggests that the recent rapid retreat of the glacier since the mid-20th century is likely to be due to a decrease in winter precipitation. Using the geographical data of the glacier terminus variations from 1711 to 1930, we reconstructed the fluctuation in the equilibrium-line altitude by means of the glacier model. With summer temperatures inferred from tree-ring data, the model suggests that the winter precipitation from the mid-19th to the early 20th century was about 10% less than that at present. This trend is close to consistent with ice-core results from the nearby ice cap in the central Kamchatka Peninsula.

Intercomparison and Validation of GNSS-IWV Derived with G-Nut and Bernese Software

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Golaszewski ◽  
Pawel Wielgosz ◽  
Katarzyna Stepniak
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Microwave Radiometer ◽  
Severe Weather ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Gnss Measurements ◽  
Gnss Data ◽  
Permanent Station

GNSS is an important source of meteorological data. GNSS measurements can provide tropospheric Zenith Wet Delays (ZWD) over wide area covered with permanent stations. In addition, when using surface synoptical data, GNSS can provide Integrated Water Vapor (IWV) which is very valuable information utilized in weather forecasts and severe weather monitoring. Hence, there is a need to test and validate various algorithms and software used for ZWD estimation. In this research, the accuracy of the ZWD estimates was tested using two different software packages: Bernese GNSS Software v.5.2 and G-Nut/Tefnut. In addition, their computational load was evaluated. The GNSS data were obtained from POTS permanent station, which is located in Potsdam, Germany. To validate the estimation results, the derived ZWD was transformed into the IWV, and afterwards compared to the reference IWV measured by the collocated Microwave Radiometer. In addition, the ZWD estimates were also compared to the EUREF final solution.

scholarly journals Data Science Tools for Monitoring the Global Repository Eco-System and its Lines of Evolution

Publications ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Friedrich Summann ◽  
Andreas Czerniak ◽  
Jochen Schirrwagen ◽  
Dirk Pieper
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
First Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
System Data ◽  
Open Archives

The global network of scholarly repositories for the publication and dissemination of scientific publications and related materials can already look back on a history of more than twenty years. During this period, there have been many developments in terms of technical optimization and the increase of content. It is crucial to observe and analyze this evolution in order to draw conclusions for the further development of repositories. The basis for such an analysis is data. The Open Archives Initiative (OAI) service provider Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) started indexing repositories in 2004 and has collected metadata also on repositories. This paper presents the main features of a planned repository monitoring system. Data have been collected since 2004 and includes basic repository metadata as well as publication metadata of a repository. This information allows an in-depth analysis of many indicators in different logical combinations. This paper outlines the systems approach and the integration of data science techniques. It describes the intended monitoring system and shows the first results.

scholarly journals Probing the Fog Life Cycles in the Namib Desert

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. 2491-2507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Spirig ◽  
Roland Vogt ◽  
Jarl Are Larsen ◽  
Christian Feigenwinter ◽  
Andreas Wicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Cloud Base ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Liquid Water Path ◽  
Field Campaign ◽  
First Results ◽  
Fog Deposition ◽  
Intensive Observation ◽  
Observation Period

Abstract An intensive observation period was conducted in September 2017 in the central Namib, Namibia, as part of the project Namib Fog Life Cycle Analysis (NaFoLiCA). The purpose of the field campaign was to investigate the spatial and temporal patterns of the coastal fog that occurs regularly during nighttime and morning hours. The fog is often linked to advection of a marine stratus that intercepts with the terrain up to 100 km inland. Meteorological data, including cloud base height, fog deposition, liquid water path, and vertical profiles of wind speed/direction and temperature, were measured continuously during the campaign. Additionally, profiles of temperature and relative humidity were sampled during five selected nights with stratus/fog at both coastal and inland sites using tethered balloon soundings, drone profiling, and radiosondes. This paper presents an overview of the scientific goals of the field campaign; describes the experimental setup, the measurements carried out, and the meteorological conditions during the intensive observation period; and presents first results with a focus on a single fog event.

Design of On-Line Monitoring System for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 303-306 ◽  
pp. 431-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Jing Zou ◽  
Li Bian ◽  
Yong Hui Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Qinghai Province ◽  
On Line ◽  
Photovoltaic Plant ◽  
Photovoltaic Plants

This paper describes the design of an on-line monitoring system for grid-connected photovoltaic plants. The proposed system consists of a meteorological data collection system for measuring meteorological parameters (e.g. irradiance, ambient air temperature, etc.), a set of data collection boxes for measuring electrical parameters (e.g. DC and AC current, DC and AC voltage, DC and AC power, etc.) and a PC. The collected data have been transmitted to the PC by two methods, wired transmission and wireless transmission. The software of the on-line monitoring system based on LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench) package is used to process, display and store the collected data in the PC disk. The on-line monitoring system was installed in a grid-connected photovoltaic plant for an on-site measurement in Qinghai province in China. The obtained results demonstrate that it has the ability for data collecting, processing and analyzing and it meets the measurement requirements of grid-connected PV plants

scholarly journals Development of radar glacier zones on the King George Island ice cap, Antarctica, during austral summer 1996/97 as observed in ERS-2 SAR data

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Braun ◽  
Frank Rau ◽  
Helmut Saurer ◽  
Hermann Gobmann
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Equilibrium Line Altitude ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Wet Snow ◽  
Frozen Percolation

AbstractBased on a time series of European remote-sensing satellite (ERS-2) synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) images from 1996/97, ablation on the King George Island (Antarctica) ice cap is documented. Snowmelt patterns were monitored by mapping the dynamic evolution of radar glacier zones and their boundaries. On the ice cap, all major radar glacier zones except the dry-snow radar zone were identified during the observed period While winter was characterized by a frozen-percolation radar zone, the ablation season was characterized by wet-snow and bare-ice radar zones. A striking bright backscatter signature indicated the presence of a highly reflective zone in the lower parts of the wet-snow zone. It was attributed to a phase 2 melt (P2) radar zone, which is characterized by a metamorphosed and roughened surface of a melting snow cover. Due to the absence of simultaneously acquired ground-truth information, concurrent meteorological data proved to be essential for interpreting the SAR images. Although the maximum elevation of the ice cap does not exceed 680 ma.s.L, ablation patterns obviously reflect altitudinal control. Melt onset up to 530 m a.s.l. was initiated by an advection event at the end of October 1996. A wet snowpack on the entire ice cap corresponds with a prolonged period of high temperatures in January 1997. However, the highest parts of the ice cap were affected by occasional melt-freeze cycles. The transient snowline at the end of February was determined as being at 250 m a i l. This late-summer snowline was regarded as an approximation of the equilibrium-line altitude for the 1996/97 ablation season.

scholarly journals Aerogels Materials as Space Debris Collectors

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Woignier ◽  
Laurent Duffours ◽  
Pascale Colombel ◽  
Christian Durin
Keyword(s):  
Space Debris ◽  
Silica Aerogels ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Base Catalysis ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Synthesis Parameters ◽  
First Results ◽  
Key Parameter

Material degradation due to the specific space environment becomes a key parameter for space missions. The use of large surface of brittle materials on satellites can produce, if impacted by hypervelocity particles, ejected volumes of mater 100 times higher than the impacting one. The presented work is devoted to the use of silica aerogels as passive detectors. Aerogels have been exposed to the low earth orbit of the ISS for 18 months. The study describes the aerogels process and the choice of synthesis parameters in such a way to get expected features in terms of porosity, mechanical properties, internal stresses, and transparency. Low-density aerogels (0.09 g·cm−3) have been prepared. The control of transparency necessary to see and identify particles and fragments collected is obtained using a base catalysis during gel synthesis. After return to earth, the aerogels samples have been observed using optical microscopy to detect and quantify craters on the exposed surface. First results obtained on a small part of the aerogels indicate a large number of debris collected in the materials.

scholarly journals Microseismic activity analysis for the study of the rupture mechanisms in unstable rock masses

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Amitrano ◽  
M. Arattano ◽  
M. Chiarle ◽  
G. Mortara ◽  
C. Occhiena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Western Alps ◽  
Permafrost Degradation ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
First Results ◽  
Microseismic Activity ◽  
North Western

Abstract. Rockfalls are common instabilities in alpine areas and can cause significant damage. Since high mountains have been affected by an increasing number of these phenomena in the last years, a possible correlation with permafrost degradation induced by climate change has been hypothesized. To investigate this topic, a monitoring system, made of 5 triaxial geophones and 1 thermometer, was installed in 2007 at the Carrel hut (3829 m a.s.l., Matterhorn, North-western Alps), in the frame of the Interreg IIIA Alcotra project n. 196 "Permadataroc". The preliminary data processing relates to the classification of recorded signals, the identification of the significant microseismic events and the analysis of their distribution in time and space. The first results indicated a possible correlation between clusters of events and temperature trend, and a concentration of events in specific sectors of the rock mass. Research is still in progress. The recording of data for a longer period is planned to fully understand seasonal trends and spatial distribution of microseismic activity, and possible relations with permafrost degradation. Nevertheless, the preliminary observations prove that the monitoring system can detect noises generated by rock slope deformation. Once fully developed, this technique could become a helpful tool for early warning and preliminary stability assessments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document