scholarly journals Household final energy footprints in Nepal, Vietnam and Zambia: composition, inequality and links to well-being

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Baltruszewicz ◽  
Julia Steinberger ◽  
Diana Ivanova ◽  
Lina Brand-Correa ◽  
Jouni Paavola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Level Energy ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Climate Action

<p>The link between energy use, social and environmental well-being is at the root of critical synergies between clean and affordable energy (SDG7) and other SDGs. Household-level quantitative energy analyses enable better understanding regarding interconnections between the level and composition of energy use, and SDG achievement. This study examines the household-level energy footprints in Nepal, Vietnam, and Zambia. We calculate the footprints using multi-regional input-output (MRIO) with energy extensions based on International Energy Agency (IEA) data. We propose an original perspective on the links between household final energy use and well-being, measured through access to safe water, health, education, sustenance, and modern fuels. In all three countries, households with high well-being show much lower housing energy use, due to a transition from inefficient<br>biomass-based traditional fuels to efficient modern fuels, such as gas and electricity. We find that households achieving wellbeing have 60-80% lower energy footprint of residential fuel use compared to average across the countries. We observe that collective provisioning systems in form of access to health centres, public transport, markets, and garbage disposal and characteristics linked to having solid shelter, access to sanitation, and minimum floor area are more important for the attainment of wellbeing than changes in income or total energy consumption. This is an important finding,  contradicting the narrative that basic wellbeing outcomes require increased income and individual consumption of energy. Substantial synergies exist between the achievement of well-being at a low level of energy use and other SDGs linked to poverty reduction (encompassed in SDG1), health (SDG3), sanitation (SDG6), gender equality (SDG5), climate action and reduced deforestation (SDG 13 and SDG15) and inequalities (SDG10). </p>

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Analysis of Wood Charcoal Production as a Significant Output of Forest Bioeconomy in Africa

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 568
Author(s):  
Isaac Nyarko ◽  
Chukwudi Nwaogu ◽  
Hájek Miroslav ◽  
Prince Opoku Peseu
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Wood Charcoal ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Energy Conserving ◽  
The Impact

Wood charcoal (WCH) is a sustainable biofuel for rural and urban users because of its higher energy density and emission of marginal smoke when compared with firewood. Besides helping the poor majority who cannot afford kerosene, electricity or liquid petroleum gas (LPG), WCH is a key source of income and livelihood. This work aimed at quantifying the volume of WCH production as well as appraising its socio-economics, including environmental impacts, especially the impact of long-term deforestation and forest degradation in Africa. Historically robust data from the databases of UN-FAO, FAOSTAT, International Energy Agency (IEA), United Nations Statistics Division, UN-DESA energy statistics yearbook, and the Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) were used. The data analysis involved descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis, and geospatial techniques. The result revealed that East Africa had the highest average wood charcoal production which was 32,058,244 tonnes representing 43.2% of the production whereas West Africa had 23,831,683 tonnes denoting 32.1%. Others were North Africa (8,650,207 tonnes), Middle Africa (8,520,329 tonnes), and South Africa (1,225,062 tonnes) representing 11.6%, 11.5% and 1.6% respectively. The correlation matrix showed that WCH production for the three decades had a significant positive correlation with all the measured parameters (such as areas of forest cover, export quantity, export value, GDP, human population, climate season, average income per citizen, and literacy rate). Wood charcoal is an essential livelihood support system. New policies including commercial wood charcoal production and licensing for revenue and ecological sustainability are required. Enterprise-based approaches for poverty reduction, smallholders’ tree-growing, wood charcoal-energy conserving technologies, improved electricity supply and agricultural productivity are encouraged. The novelty of this study can also be explained by the diverse parameters examined in relation to WCH production which no other studies in the region have done.

scholarly journals Carbon Emissions and Life Expectancy in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romanus Osabohien ◽  
Timothy Aderemi ◽  
Dolapo Bose Akindele ◽  
Johson Ifenayi Okoh
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Distributed Lag

Abstract Background: This study examines how carbon emissions affect life expectancy in NigeriaMethod: The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was applied in the study to examine how energy consumption impact on life expectancy in Nigeria. Data was sourced from the United States (U.S) Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Centre, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical bulletin, International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Development Indicators (WDI) for the period 1980-2017.Results: Findings showed that inter alia; carbon emissions are significant and negatively affect life expectancy. This finding implied that, on the average, carbon emissions is capable of reducing life expectancy by 0.35%.Conclusion: Based finding, the study concluded by recommending that the Nigerian government should embark on the alternative use of energy that emits lesser carbon. Thus, this will help attain the sustainable development goals of good health and well-being alongside with affordable, reliable and sustainable use of energy for all.

scholarly journals Biogas Potential Assessment of the Composite Mixture from Duckweed Biomass

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Alexander Chusov ◽  
Vladimir Maslikov ◽  
Vladimir Badenko ◽  
Viacheslav Zhazhkov ◽  
Dmitry Molodtsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Composite Mixture

The article presents the research results of anaerobic digestion processes in bioreactors of composite mixtures based on initial and residual biomass of Lemna minor duckweed and additives: inoculum (manure), food waste, and spent sorbents to determine biogas potential (biogas volume, methane content). Duckweed Lemna minor, which is widespread in freshwater reservoirs, is one of the promising aquatic vegetation species for energy use. Residual biomass is obtained by chemically extracting valuable components from the primary product. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the possibility of the energy potential of residual biomass of Lemna minor to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This is in line with the International Energy Agency (IEA) scenarios for the reduction of environmental impact. The obtained results confirm the feasibility of using this type of waste for biogas/biomethane production. The recommendations on the optimal composition of the mixture based on the residual biomass of Lemna minor, which will allow for an increase in biogas production, are given. The obtained data can be used in the design of bioreactors.

Renewable energy use is gathering pace in Chile

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Price Impact ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
World Class

Subject The outlook for renewable energy. Significance Despite Chile’s vast potential solar and wind power resources, variable renewable energy (VRE) played a negligible role in the country’s electricity matrix until recently. This is, however, changing rapidly and, according to a report by the International Energy Agency (IEA), Chile has emerged as a world-class destination for investment in solar and wind projects. Impacts For Chile’s mining companies, VRE will offer the promise of being able to produce “clean” copper. The full price impact of recent tenders will only be seen when the new PPAs come into force as from 2021. Regulatory progress on VRE integration will stand as one of the achievements of the outgoing government.

scholarly journals Energy metrics for European residential buildings for cities, towns&suburbs and rural areas – the case of Romania

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 06077
Author(s):  
Vasile Dogaru ◽  
Ioan Silviu Dobosi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Programming Period

The report of The International Energy Agency summarizes the energy use for European Union cities in 2006 by 1259 Mtoe (3.46 toe per capita) and predicts an yearly increase by 0.73% until 2015 and by 0.4% between 2016-2030. The projection for the first increase has not been reached for EU residential urban buildings. The world energy use for buildings is about 40%. Some EU countries have no disaggregated data for urban-rural areas, for cities, towns and suburbs and rural areas. We are modeling Romania’s residential building energy between 2001-2016 for the three levels mentioned above. In the following period, the rural buildings energy per capita will overcome the urban level of cities, towns and suburbs in Romania, in line with other EU countries. The distinct metrics for employees and pensioners were modeled by policy makers in cities, towns and suburbs and rural areas. The quantity of energy use was also modeled for the three levels. The downwards trend for household energy use in cities as compared to rural areas is identified for the 2001-2016 period for Romania. The EU energy use figures for cities will underline the more efficient allocation of structural funds for the next programming period 2021-2027.

THE IMPACT OF DECENTRALIZATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmyla Mishchenko ◽  
◽  
Dmytro Mishchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Infrastructural Support ◽  
The Impact

The actualization of the results of financial decentralization in Ukraine as part of the reform of decentralization of power and the development of proposals for its improvement is explained by the fact that a clear division of functions, powers and financial resources between national and regional levels is the basis for the well-being of our citizens. opportunities for its sustainable socio- economic development on a democratic basis. It is noted that financial decentralization is a process of giving authority to mobilize revenues and expenditures of local governments in order to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of these powers and better management of community budgets. It is established that unlike traditional entrepreneurship, which focuses on profit generation, the purpose of social entrepreneurship is to create and accumulate social capital. Abroad, social enterprises operate successfully in the fields of education, the environment, human rights, poverty reduction and health care, and their development and dissemination is one way to improve the living conditions of citizens. A similar mission is entrusted to local governments, which allows us to consider the revival of social entrepreneurship as an important element in improving self-government policy. It is determined that in modern conditions social entrepreneurship is one of the tools to ensure the ability of the local community to provide its members with an appropriate level of education, culture, health, housing and communal services, social protection, etc., as well as plan and implement programs efficient use of available natural and human resources, investment and infrastructural support of territorial communities. Due to financial decentralization, local governments have received additional resources that can be used to create economic incentives to promote social entrepreneurship in small and medium-sized businesses at the community level.

Preliminary report on the International Energy Agency mode of occurrence inter-laboratory comparison; Phase I, USGS results

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis A. Palmer ◽  
Allan Kolker ◽  
Jason C. Willett ◽  
Stanley J. Mroczkowski ◽  
Robert B. Finkelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Mode Of Occurrence

Middle and Below Living Standards: What Can We Learn from Beyond Income Measures of Economic Well-being?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marii Paskov ◽  
Joan E. Madia ◽  
Tim Goedemé
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Material Deprivation ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Household Level ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Household Incomes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Economic Well Being

This chapter complements the income-based measures of living standards on which earlier chapters have focused by incorporating non-income dimensions of economic well-being into its analysis, including indicators of material deprivation, economic burdens, and financial stress. It analyses how working-age households around and below the middle of the income distribution fared in European countries in the years before, during, and after the Great Recession. Harmonized household-level data across the members of the EU are analysed to see whether the evolution of these various non-income measures present a similar or different picture to household incomes over time. To probe what lies behind the patterns this reveals, four quite different countries are then examined in greater depth. Finally, the chapter also explores the relationship between material deprivation for households around and below the middle and overall income inequality.

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