scholarly journals Leibniz and geography: geologist, paleontologist, biologist, historian, political theorist and geopolitician

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Elden
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Louis Xiv ◽  
Political Theorist ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
The Way

Abstract. This article discusses the way that the German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Leibniz (1646–1716) made a number of significant contributions to geography. In outlining his contributions as a geologist, palaeontologist, biologist, historian, political theorist and geopolitician, it challenges the straightforward way he is read in geography. Particular focus is on his Protogaea, the Annales Imperii and the Consilium Aegyptiacum, respectively a pre-history of the earth, a chronology of German nobility in the Middle Ages, and a military-strategic proposal to King Louis XIV. Making use of contemporary debates about ways of reading Leibniz, and drawing on a wide range of his writings, the article indicates just how much remains to be discovered about his work.

scholarly journals NEW MONOGRAPH ON MEDIEVAL AZERBAIJAN WEAPONS. SABUKHI AKHMEDOV’S “AZERBAIJAN WEAPONS IN THE IX―XVII CENTURIES: EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT”

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Farah A. Huseyn
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Logical Consistency ◽  
Evolution And Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Middle Ages

The article is a review on Ph.D. Sabukhi Akhmedov’s monograph «Azerbaijani weapons in the IX – XVII centuries: evolution and development», which considers the relevance and scientific validity of the issue as an «Azerbaijani weapons», noted that the problem of identification of various types of weapons made in Azerbaijan during the Middle Ages is relevant in geographical attribution, as well as belonging to a certain ethnocultural space established in a given territory.The article provides a general assessment of the wide range of diverse sources involved in the study, justifies the logical consistency of the structure of the monograph built on the principle of chronological order, recognizes the importance of the monograph in studying the history of military affairs in Azerbaijan and neighboring countries in the Middle Ages.

scholarly journals El nomen sacrum ihs como símbolo de la crucifixión en el Sermón de la Circuncisión del Señor de san Vicente Ferrer

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
María Luz Mandingorra Llavata
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
The Way

Resum: El nomen sacrum ihs se hallaba presente en infinidad de manifestaciones artísticas y objetos de la vida cotidiana durante la Edad Media, por lo que era bien conocido por los fieles. El objetivo del presente artículo es mostrar de qué modo san Vicente Ferrer se sirve de esta abreviatura como símbolo de la crucifixión de Jesucristo con el fin de fomentar la devoción al nombre Iesus y erradicar el recurso a adivinos y sortílegos. Para ello, analizaremos el sermón de la Circuncisión del Señor predicado por el maestro dominico y estableceremos la conexión de los elementos integrantes del texto con representaciones coetáneas de la crucifixión.Paraules clau: san Vicente Ferrer, predicación, Nomina Sacra, crucifixión, historia de la cultura escrita Abstract: The nomen sacrum ihs was present in many paintings as well as other artifacts during the Middle Ages, therefore, it was very well known by the public. The aim of this paper is to show the way Saint Vincent Ferrer uses this abbreviation as a symbol of the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ in order to increase the devotion to the Name of Jesus and prevent people from consulting diviners and sorcerers to solve daily life problems. To this end, we analyse the Sermon of the Circumcision of the Lord preached by the Dominican master and establish the relationship between the elements that compose the text and some contemporary images of the Crucifixion.Keywords: Saint Vincent Ferrer, preaching, Nomina Sacra, crucifixion, history of literacy

The Middle Ages in the Modern World

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Music Videos ◽  
Modern World ◽  
National History ◽  
Medieval Poetry ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
The Way

The Middle Ages continue to provide an important touchstone for the way the modern West presents itself and its relationship with the rest of the globe. This volume brings together leading scholars of literature and history, together with musicians, novelists, librarians and museum curators in order to present exciting, up-to-date perspectives on how and why the Middle Ages continue to matter in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Presented here, their essays represent a unique dialogue between scholars and practitioners of ‘medievalism’. Framed by an introductory essay on the broad history of the continuing evolution of the idea of ‘The Middle Ages’ from the fourteenth century to the present day, chapters deal with subjects as diverse as: the use of Old Norse sagas by Republican deniers of climate change; the way figures like the Irish hero Cú Chulainn and St Patrick were used to give legitimacy to political affiliations during the Ulster ‘Troubles’; the use of the Middle Ages in films by Pasolini and Tarantino; the adoption of the ‘Green Man’ motif in popular culture; Lady Gaga’s manipulation of medieval iconography in her music videos; the translation of medieval poetry from manuscript to digital media; and the problem of writing national history free from the ‘toxic medievalism’ of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Nicolas of Clairvaux and the Twelfth-Century Sequence with Special Reference to Adam of St. Victor

Traditio ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 149-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Benton
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Early History ◽  
Close Connection ◽  
Modern Drama ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
The Way

The vast number and variety of sequences, those liturgical interpolations which in the middle ages commonly followed the repetition of the Alleluia in the Mass, and the freedom of their development, show that they were an outlet for the creative talents of musicians and poets. A sample of sequences from successive periods allows the literary historian to trace the development of rhyme and accentual meter, and a musicologist has described the sequence ‘as the parent of oratorio and the grandparent of modern drama.’ But while a view which encompasses centuries reveals to us variety and change, the compositions of any given time were largely shaped by inherited traditions. Not the least value of studies on the early history of the sequence is their demonstration of the close connection between various Alleluia melodies and their sequences and the way in which appropriate texts were fitted to melodies for specific feasts.

The Narratives of Medieval Jewish History

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Dan
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
New Age ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Age Of Reason ◽  
History Of ◽  
Jewish Historian ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
The Way

It is surprising to realize that no historian of Judaism wrote a history of the Middle Ages in Jewish history. Between 1923 and 1926 a Jewish historian, Shlomo Bernfeld, wrote a three-volume historical work, consisting mainly of an anthology of sources, entitled Sefer ha-Demaot, ‘The Book of Tears’. These volumes present a history of the Middle Ages up to the ‘Age of Reason’, which the author hoped would be the beginning of a new age in which the fate of the Jews would be different, yet this hope, he states in the end of his work, seems to have been unfounded. This article examines such narratives: the way narratives shape the chronological boundaries of the Middle Ages; their consequences concerning the examination of the relationships between Jews and non-Jews in the medieval world; and the place of history of ideas in the descriptions of the Middle Ages.

The ‘Humidum Radicale’ in Thirteenth-Century Medicine

Traditio ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 259-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McVaugh
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Transmission Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
The Way

A number of recently published studies have drawn attention to the ‘radical moisture,’ a concept developed in classical antiquity and the Middle Ages to help explain the nature of life and the occurrence of aging and of fevers. These studies have examined the broad history of the concept over a span of two thousand years; they have, however, not presented in detail the sequence of the transmission and evolution of the concept in the Middle Ages. It is my intent to focus upon the history of the radical-moisture concept in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, to try to establish the particular stages by which it entered medieval medical doctrine, and in particular to examine the importance of Avicenna's Canon for western physicians in consolidating their first disorganized impressions of the concept. I shall illustrate the stages in the transmission process by referring to the use of the concept at the University of Montpellier, for that school has left us a number of texts from the thirteenth century that reveal how the introduction of new Arabic or Greek medical works could alter the medieval academic physician's approach to a familiar topic; they also reveal the way in which personal tastes and interests could lead colleagues to react differently to new materials.

The Future of the Consular Office

1926 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-298
Author(s):  
Pitman B. Potter
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Best Friend ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
The Way

The consulate is an old and a dignified office. Through various vicissitudes the consul has come down to us from the days when, with the dawn of new courage and enterprise, the closing of the Middle Ages saw the revival of international trade and travel in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Hence the future of that office must be of considerable interest from an historical point of view, to say nothing of the interest which all of us who expect to do any foreign traveling ought to feel in the fate of the traveler's best friend. All of this is doubly true in view of the fact that serious changes in the consulate are in point of fact impending, or even taking place before we have had time to notice them.Almost everyone who has even a slight acquaintance with the history of international relations is aware of the way in which the consular office has already lost much of its old standing through the abolition of privileges of extraterritoriality in modern states. Originally, the consul was a judge in many cases between citizens of the state which he represented who were permanently, or even only temporarily, residing abroad. Today in all Western states he has come to exercise judicial powers only with respect to seamen on vessels flying the flag of his appointing state. The result has been a great diminution of his powers and prestige, a change so pronounced and of such long standing that few nowadays appreciate the great dignity and influence of the consular office in its earlier history.

scholarly journals Na szczycie wulkanu. O wyprawach na Heklę i Snæfellsjökull w XVIII i XIX wieku

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 297-315
Author(s):  
Radosław Jakubczyk
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Foreign Woman ◽  
The Middle Ages

The present paper gives an overview of the history of climbing on Hekla and Snæfellsjökull, Iceland’s most famous volcanoes, in the 18th and 19th centuries. In the Middle Ages and early modern period, Hekla was compared to the gates of hell due to its frequent and violent eruptions. Snæfellsjökull was considered a supernatural space and a domain of Bárður, the eponymous hero of Bárðar saga Snæfellsáss. The author analyses a wide range of sources: Reise igiennem Island by Bjarni Pálsson and Eggert Ólafsson (who reached the summits of Hekla and Snæfellsjökull in 1750 and 1754, respectively), British (from Banks to Burton) and French (from Gaimard to Labonne) travelogues, Ida Pfeiffer’s journals (who was the first foreign woman to climb Hekla).

scholarly journals Leo Klejn. [Guidebook]: Volume dedicated to the memory of Leo Samuilovich Кlejn

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Full List ◽  
Public Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Whole Number ◽  
History Of ◽  
Archaeological Cultures ◽  
The Middle Ages

This volume is dedicated to the memory of the outstanding humanities scholar Leo S. (Lev Samuilovich) Klejn (1927–2019). A short biographical essay provides an overview of the main landmarks of Klejn’s life and the main stages of his scholarly and pedagogical career. The articles included in the volume reflect a wide range of Klejn’s scholarly interests and his contributions to the fields of theoretical archaeology, history of science, and to the study of a whole number of archaeological cultures from the Neolithic through the Middle Ages. A number of articles deal with Klejn as a field archaeologist, a philologist, a semiotician and an art historian. Particular attention is given to his pedagogical and public activity. A short memoir of Klejn’s adopted son Damir characterizes him as a person. The appendix contains a full list of Klejn’s publications and of main publications about him. The book is designed for a wide range of researchers in the humanities (archaeologists, historians, ethnographers) and experts in allied subjects, humanities degree students, and all readers interested in humanitarian knowledge in general.

Reflections on the Evolution of the Prophet’s Biographies in the East and West

2018 ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Hussein Ahmad Amin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
East And West ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
The Way

This chapter explores the concept of history of early Muslim historians and their attitude towards the Prophet’s biography (Sira). It discusses how evolving tastes and values affected their biographical writing. It also discusses when and why facts began to get blurred and invented incidents and miracles began to be ascribed to the Prophet, leading to the way in which the Prophet’s biography is dealt with in the twentieth century. The chapter further discusses how the Prophet’s biography was written in Europe during the Middle Ages and the influence that modern European trends of thought and contact with the West had on its writing. The chapter highlights Montgomery Watt’s Defence of Muhammad and critically engages with it. The chapter closes with Hussein Amin’s wish for a new, objective, unapologetic and truthful biography that is grounded in the Prophet’s own time and milieu, reflecting his contemporary ethical standards and values.

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