Modelling the effects of fertiliser solubility and soil buffer power on phosphorus uptake by spring wheat using an image-based approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Williams ◽  
Daniel McKay Fletcher ◽  
Chiara Petroselli ◽  
Siul Ruiz ◽  
Nancy Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Buffer Power ◽  
Starting Point

<p>Phosphorus (P) is critical for plant growth and can limit crop yields, but rock phosphate (the primary source of agricultural P) is a finite resource which is predicted to run out within 50-250 years. However, since P is important for short-term yield gains, it is often over-applied, causing run-off and water pollution. It is crucial to apply the right fertilisers at the most efficient rate, time, and place to protect our food security and environment for the future.</p> <p>Optimal application requires an understanding of the processes affecting P availability to plants. Fertilisers range from soluble in water (e.g TSP) to only slightly soluble (e.g. struvite). However, experiments testing the efficacy of fertilisers with different solubilities have reached variable results. Standard soil testing methods sample at fixed time points, while the dissolution, diffusion, sorption and uptake of P are dynamic processes, so to make predictions we must understand those dynamics.</p> <p>We used image-based modelling to investigate the predicted effects of dissolution rate and soil buffer power on P uptake by spring wheat root systems taken from X-ray CT images. We added a P source to represent a fertiliser granule and modelled the predicted P uptake based on 1 day, 1 week, and 14 week dissolution of the same amount of P for two realistic soil buffer powers.</p> <p>We demonstrated that rapid dissolution increased short-term root uptake, but dissolution over 1 week did not differ from dissolution over 1 day. We also found that root system architecture has a large effect on the efficiency of a P fertiliser pellet, highlighting the importance of application location. These results provide a starting point for predictive modelling of the efficacy of different P fertilisers in different soils, and our image-based approach gives the ability to add different root architectures for different species or varieties.</p>

Relating phosphorus quantity, intensity, and buffer capacity to phosphorus uptake

Soil Research ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Probert ◽  
P. W. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Direct Measure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Uptake Data

The short-term (25 days) phosphorus (P) uptake by maize has been reported to be most strongly correlated with measurements of P intensity in soil. Correlations of P uptake with bicarbonate-extractable P (a measure of the quantity factor) were improved when indices of P buffer capacity were included, but not to the extent obtained with the direct measure of P intensity. Thus, one might infer that measurements of the quantity factor and P buffer capacity were less satisfactory for describing P availability. It is now shown that this conclusion results entirely from the model fitted to the data. By using a multiplicative rather than additive model, it is shown that bicarbonate-extractable P in combination with measures of P buffer capacity can describe the P uptake data equally as well as a direct measurement of P intensity.

scholarly journals Water and phosphorus uptake by upland rice root systems unraveled under multiple scenarios: linking a 3D soil-root model and data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trung Hieu Mai ◽  
Pieterjan De Bauw ◽  
Andrea Schnepf ◽  
Roel Merckx ◽  
Erik Smolders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Multiscale Model ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Plant P Uptake

AbstractBackground and aimsUpland rice is often grown where water and phosphorus (P) are limited and these two factors interact on P bioavailability. To better understand this interaction, mechanistic models representing small-scale nutrient gradients and water dynamics in the rhizosphere of full-grown root systems are needed.MethodsRice was grown in large columns using a P-deficient soil at three different P supplies in the topsoil (deficient, suboptimal, non-limiting) in combination with two water regimes (field capacity versus drying periods). Root architectural parameters and P uptake were determined. Using a multiscale model of water and nutrient uptake, in-silico experiments were conducted by mimicking similar P and water treatments. First, 3D root systems were reconstructed by calibrating an architecure model with observed phenological root data, such as nodal root number, lateral types, interbranch distance, root diameters, and root biomass allocation along depth. Secondly, the multiscale model was informed with these 3D root architectures and the actual transpiration rates. Finally, water and P uptake were simulated.Key resultsThe plant P uptake increased over threefold by increasing P and water supply, and drying periods reduced P uptake at high but not at low P supply. Root architecture was significantly affected by the treatments. Without calibration, simulation results adequately predicted P uptake, including the different effects of drying periods on P uptake at different P levels. However, P uptake was underestimated under P deficiency, a process likely related to an underestimated affinity of P uptake transporters in the roots. Both types of laterals (i.e. S- and L-type) are shown to be highly important for both water and P uptake, and the relative contribution of each type depend on both soil P availability and water dynamics. Key drivers in P uptake are growing root tips and the distribution of laterals.ConclusionsThis model-data integration demonstrates how multiple co-occurring single root phene responses to environmental stressors contribute to the development of a more efficient root system. Further model improvements such as the use of Michaelis constants from buffered systems and the inclusion of mycorrhizal infections and exudates are proposed.

PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE BY ALFALFA AS INFLUENCED BY PHOSPHATE SOURCE AND MOISTURE

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Beaton ◽  
D. W. L. Read ◽  
W. C. Hinman
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Phosphate Source ◽  
Soil Fertilizer

The effect of phosphate source and soil moisture during the initial soil-fertilizer reaction period on subsequent phosphorus uptake by alfalfa was investigated in a growth chamber. Phosphate-treated soils with moisture adjusted to four different tensions were stored at approximately 18 °C. for 10 weeks. Following this storage interval phosphorus uptake by alfalfa was measured using a short-term technique.Phosphorus content and phosphorus uptake by both tops and roots increased significantly when water-soluble materials such as ammonium polyphosphate, monoammonium and monocalcium phosphate were applied. Less soluble sources, i.e., hydroxyapatite and anhydrous dicalcium phosphate, were much less effective. Calcium metaphosphate produced intermediate results.Moisture content of the soil during the reaction period did not greatly alter subsequent P uptake. The water-soluble sources of phosphorus were affected to the greatest degree.Uptake of P was significantly correlated with the amount of P extracted by NaHCO3 from the treated soils. The highest degree of correlation occurred with ammonium polyphosphate treated soil. A significant negative correlation occurred with calcium metaphosphate. With the exception of the 0.8 bar treatment, moisture tension had little influence on the correlation of P uptake with NaHCO3 extractable-P.

SHORT-TERM FLOODING OF SOIL: ITS EFFECT ON THE COMPOSITION OF GAS AND WATER PHASES OF SOIL AND ON PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE OF CORN

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. SHEARD ◽  
A. J. LEYSHON
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Dissolved Gases ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Laboratory Procedure ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
Normal Diffusion ◽  
Total P

A laboratory procedure and apparatus design are described for the sampling of the soil solution and dissolved gases below the surface of a flooded soil without disturbance of the soil or the normal diffusion process. Ethylene and CO2 concentration increased in the dissolved gases of a flooded Maryhill loam (Ortho Humic Gleysol) as the duration of flooding increased from zero to 17 days and the redox potential (Eh) decreased. Soluble Fe and Mn slowly increased as the Eh decreased. The addition of NO3-N depressed ethylene formation and the release of soluble Fe and Mn. The addition of sucrose rapidly eliminated NO3-N from the soil solution, reduced the Eh to −330 mV, stimulated ethylene and CO2 formation, and further solubilized Fe and Mn. The accumulation of dry weight, total P and fertilizer P concentrations in corn were reduced by flooding soil for periods up to 12 days. The measurement of Eh, gases and Fe and Mn in the soil solution suggest that ethylene accumulation and O2 depletion were involved in the reduction of fertilizer P uptake.

Phosphorus uptake in faba bean, field pea, and corn cultivars from different sources: preliminary studies of two options for organic farmers

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunasekhar Nachimuthu ◽  
Peter Lockwood ◽  
Chris Guppy ◽  
Paul Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
Traditional Cultivars

Low soil phosphorus (P) availability commonly limits yield in Australian broadacre organic production systems where superphosphate fertiliser is not permitted, and alternative P nutrition strategies are sought. Glasshouse experiments were conducted to investigate the potential of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) (FB), or field peas (Pisum sativum L.) (FP), grown in acidic sandy loam or alkaline clay, to accumulate P, which could then be supplied to a subsequent crop as part of a green manure rotation or after harvest. Another experiment investigated differences in growth and P acquisition between corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars: Hycorn 424 (a modern hybrid), and four traditional cultivars used in organic production. The experiments were carried out under conditions of P stress and had rock phosphate (RP), poultry manure (PM), or single superphosphate (SP) applied at 50 kg P/ha. For FP, maximum P input to the soil from incorporation would occur at or after pod initiation. However, P uptake by both legumes in both soils from sparingly soluble RP was low, with fertiliser P-use efficiencies of 0–1.3% compared with 1.8–12.7% for PM and 6.1–9.9% for SP. In the corn experiment, P fertiliser source had much larger effects than cultivar on plant biomass and P uptake, with responses generally ranked SP > PM > > RP > Control. Hycorn 424 generally produced higher dry matter and P uptake than the traditional cultivars under all P treatments. The implications of these preliminary investigations for Australian broadacre organic agriculture are discussed.

Response of spring wheat to phosphorus and sulphur starter fertilizers of differing acidification potential

2001 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. GOOS ◽  
B. E. JOHNSON
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Acidification Potential ◽  
S Fertilizers

Phosphorus (P) availability is often restricted in alkaline soils. The objective of this study was to determine if the plant availability of P from liquid ammonium polyphosphate fertilizer (APP) would be enhanced when blended with fluid sulphur (S) sources of differing acidification potential. Eight field studies with ‘ Butte 86 ' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were conducted in 1995 and 1996 in eastern North Dakota, USA, comparing no P, 9·8 kg/ha of P, and 9·8 kg P/ha plus 11·2 kg S/ha from different S sources. The S sources were elemental sulphur (ES), ammonium sulphate (AS), ammonium bisulphite (ABS), ammonium thiosulphate (ATS), potassium thiosulphate (KTS) and potassium sulphate (KS). The P and S fertilizers were banded with the seed at planting. Phosphorus fertilization gave a typical ‘starter effect’, stimulating tillering, early growth and P uptake. Phosphorus uptake at the 4–5 leaf stage was increased by addition of acid-forming S fertilizers to the APP. Grain yield response to P applied with the seed was typically 400 kg/ha. The enhanced P uptake observed at the 4–5 leaf stage when certain S sources were added to APP did not lead to additional grain yield. Wheat grain yield in North Dakota comes almost entirely from the contributions of the main stem, T1 and T2 tillers, and initiation of these tillers was essentially complete when APP alone was banded with the seed.

scholarly journals Exploring phosphorus fertilizers and fertilization strategies for improved human and environmental health

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem S. Bindraban ◽  
Christian O. Dimkpa ◽  
Renu Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
P Fertilizers

AbstractMineral phosphorus (P) fertilizers support high crop yields and contribute to feeding the teeming global population. However, complex edaphic processes cause P to be immobilized in soil, hampering its timely and sufficient availability for uptake by plants. The resultant low use efficiency of current water-soluble P fertilizers creates significant environmental and human health problems. Current practices to increase P use efficiency have been inadequate to curtail these problems. We advocate for the understanding of plant physiological processes, such as physiological P requirement, storage of excess P as phytate, and plant uptake mechanisms, to identify novel ways of designing and delivering P fertilizers to plants for improved uptake. We note the importance and implications of the contrasting role of micronutrients such as zinc and iron in stimulating P availability under low soil P content, while inhibiting P uptake under high P fertilization; this could provide an avenue for managing P for plant use under different P fertilization regimes. We argue that the improvement of the nutritional value of crops, especially cereals, through reduced phytic acid and increased zinc and iron contents should be among the most important drivers toward the development of innovative fertilizer products and fertilization technologies. In this paper, we present various pathways in support of this argument. Retuning P fertilizer products and application strategies will contribute to fighting hunger and micronutrient deficiencies in humans. Moreover, direct soil P losses will be reduced as a result of improved P absorption by plants.

Improved Plant Diversity as a Strategy to Increase Available Soil Phosphorus

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Crusciol ◽  
João Rigon ◽  
Juliano Calonego ◽  
Rogério Soratto
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Residue Decomposition ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Crop Residue Decomposition

Some crop species could be used inside a cropping system as part of a strategy to increase soil P availability due to their capacity to recycle P and shift the equilibrium between soil P fractions to benefit the main crop. The release of P by crop residue decomposition, and mobilization and uptake of otherwise recalcitrant P are important mechanisms capable of increasing P availability and crop yields.

Sex-specifically responsive strategies to phosphorus availability combined with different soil nitrogen forms in dioecious Populus cathayana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiucheng Liu ◽  
Yuting Wang ◽  
Shuangri Liu ◽  
Miao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Populus Cathayana ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
P Supply

Abstract Aims Phosphorus (P) availability and efficiency are especially important for plant growth and productivity. However, the sex-specific P acquisition and utilization strategies of dioecious plant species under different N forms are not clear. Methods This study investigated the responsive mechanisms of dioecious Populus cathayana females and males based on P uptake and allocation to soil P supply under N deficiency, nitrate (NO3 −) and ammonium (NH4 +) supply. Important Findings Females had a greater biomass, root length density (RLD), specific root length (SRL) and shoot P concentration than males under normal P availability with two N supplies. NH4 + supply led to higher total root length, RLD and SRL but lower root tip number than NO3 − supply under normal P supply. Under P deficiency, males showed a smaller root system but greater photosynthetic P availability and higher leaf P remobilization, exhibiting a better capacity to adaptation to P-deficiency than females. Under P deficiency, NO3 − supply increased leaf photosynthesis and PUE but reduced RLD and SRL in females while males had higher leaf P redistribution and photosynthetic PUE than NH4 + supply. Females had a better potentiality to cope with P deficiency under NO3 − supply than NH4 + supply; the contrary was true for males. These results suggest that females may devote to increase in P uptake and shoot P allocation under normal P availability, especially under NO3 − supply, while males adopt more efficient resource use and P remobilization to maximum their tolerance to P-deficiency.

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