scholarly journals RECONSTRUCTION OF HISTORICAL GEODETIC SYSTEMS FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION IN REPROJECTION ALGORITHMS

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W11 ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
V. Baiocchi ◽  
M. Deligios ◽  
F. Giannone ◽  
G. Timar
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
Reference Systems ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Fundamental Process ◽  
Historical Cartography ◽  
Geomorphological Changes ◽  
The Military

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Historical cartography is an important source of geographic information for diachronic studies. The Italian geodetic datum from the second half of the 20th century are well known and used, while the reference systems used previously do not have a certain documentation also because they were developed by the military geographical institute, which at the time was a uniquely military body with the related problems of confidentiality.</p><p>The reconstruction of the datum of each single historical map is a fundamental process, in order to be able to correctly compare historical information with the current ones, but it is complex because of the scarce information available on the type of datum and cartographic projection used for the production of the map.</p><p>The reconstruction of the ancient morphology of an area, such as that of 1893 Forma urbis map or the pre-reclamation maps of Agro Pontino, is of fundamental importance for various studies on geomorphological changes of the territory, including, for example, the reconstruction of diverted and/or covered watercourses.</p><p>Many of the Italian historical maps have been referred to the ellipsoid of Bessel with different orientations that in many cases are the same used previously or simultaneously for public purposes including, in particular, the drafting of the cadastral cartography.</p>

scholarly journals Re-evaluating DSM-I

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Cooper ◽  
R. K. Blashfield
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
World War ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The Military

The DSM-I is currently viewed as a psychoanalytic classification, and therefore unimportant. There are four reasons to challenge the belief that DSM-I was a psychoanalytic system. First, psychoanalysts were a minority on the committee that created DSM-I. Second, psychoanalysts of the time did not use DSM-I. Third, DSM-I was as infused with Kraepelinian concepts as it was with psychoanalytic concepts. Fourth, contemporary writers who commented on DSM-I did not perceive it as psychoanalytic. The first edition of the DSM arose from a blending of concepts from the Statistical Manual for the Use of Hospitals of Mental Diseases, the military psychiatric classifications developed during World War II, and the International Classification of Diseases (6th edition). As a consensual, clinically oriented classification, DSM-I was popular, leading to 20 printings and international recognition. From the perspective inherent in this paper, the continuities between classifications from the first half of the 20th century and the systems developed in the second half (e.g. DSM-III to DSM-5) become more visible.

scholarly journals Historical map viewer technology that guarantees nonlinear bijective conversion without distortion

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Kohei Otsuka
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
History Education ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Historical Education ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Coordinate Conversion

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Historical maps rich in historical information play an important role in fields such as tourism and history education. However, for ordinary people without knowledge of historical studies, it is difficult to understand inaccurate old maps that have not undergone surveying and to comprehend them in comparison with the current city townscape. Therefore, conventionally in GIS, a large number of corresponding points are prepared between an inaccurate historical map and an accurate map, the coordinates of the historical map are converted by forming a triangular mesh and conducting coordinate complement calculation, and the entire historical map image is re-represented by coordinate conversion. However, as shown in Figure 1, with this method there is a serious problem that causes distortion in the aesthetic appearance of the historical map, and remarkable impairment. It can be said that this problem has greatly damaged opportunities to use historical maps for tourism and historical education.</p><p>In this paper, we introduce our technology to solve this problem. Our technology has been implemented in the historical map viewer named Maplat, which is available at https://github.com/code4nara/Maplat as MIT-licensed open source.</p>

scholarly journals From historical cartography to historical mapping: digital edition of Gaul/Raczynski topographic map of Greater Poland (1807–1812)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Tomasz Panecki
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Digital Humanities ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Digital Form ◽  
Digital Edition ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Historical Cartography

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The aim of the author is to present and discuss methodological problems related to the development of old maps’ digital editions on the example of the so called Gaul/Raczyński topographic map – a perfect case providing the whole catalogue of problems related to archival maps’ representation in the digital form. Today, we can observe an increasing interest in spatial and digital humanities, as well as more frequent old and historical maps dissemination via web services. However, consistent methods of their depiction in the digital manner have not yet been developed. The aim of the project is not only to develop such a method, but also to indicate its perspectives and constraints in the context of its future application among the whole array of old maps. The development of map’s digital edition allows the full use of such data in historical and geographical studies.</p>

scholarly journals Redefining of “EPSG” and “PROJ” for current State Coordinate Reference System of the Republic of North Macedonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bashkim Idrizi
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Coordinate Transformations ◽  
Reference Systems ◽  
Spatial Reference ◽  
Current State ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Military

Abstract. The state Coordinate Reference System (CRS) of the Republic of North Macedonia (RNM) has been established a century ago, by the Military Geographic Institute of the Yugoslavia Kingdom. It is in official usage entire period up to day. In international public EPSG registry of geodetic datums, spatial reference systems, Earth ellipsoids, coordinate transformations and related units of measurement, CRS for RNM is recognizable within 3 EPSG codes 6204, 6316 and 8679.First code EPSG 6204 represents current state CRS for the entire country area, based on current law, however unfortunately this CRS is official by the law but it is not used for developing the official spatial data published in geoportals of Agency for Real Estate Cadastre (AREC) and NSDI geoportal of RNM. The second code EPSG 6316 is defined to be used for 6 countries of former Yugoslavia that covers area between 19.5°E up to 22.5°E longitude, which does not correspond with the practical and official usage of CRS for working with spatial data in RNM and CRS law definition in RNM. Third code EPSG 8679 has never been used in RNM, which covers eastern part of RNM and Serbia beginning from 22.5°E.Beside of problems with EPSG codes, default transformation parameters of EPSG 6316 have low accuracy and can not be used for data overlapping with open layers. Therefore, redefined new EPSG codes for state CRS of RNM are proposed in this paper.

The age of ‘Agricolamania’: early modern uses and abuses of Tacitus’ Agricola

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Alan Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
The Political ◽  
Roman Britain ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Literary Source ◽  
The North ◽  
The Military

The Agricola of Tacitus is the most extensive surviving ancient literary source on Roman Britain, and much of it deals with the Roman general Agricola’s conquest of Caledonia. Apparently providing evidence of the military prowess and civilising intentions of Rome whilst also describing a brave Caledonian hero named Calgacus, the text could be interpreted differently according to the political and patriotic affiliations of its early modern readers. As chapter seven will reveal, the Agricola would become something of an obsession amongst Scotland’s antiquarians, providing historical information on Roman exploits in the north but also lacking key geographical and historical details, encouraging conjecture which sometimes tipped into pure fantasy. As a result, a phenomenon christened ‘Agricolamania’ had already been noted by the end of the eighteenth century.

scholarly journals Soziale Bewegungen in Lateinamerika

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (142) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
"Mónica Bruckmann ◽  
Theotonio Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Latin America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Soziale Bewegungen ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Military ◽  
Latin American Countries

At the beginning of the 20th century, social movements in Latin America were heavily influenced by anarchist immigrants from Europe and then by the ideological struggles around the Russian revolution. Beginning in the 1930s, many social movements started to incorporate into leftwing and populist parties and governments, such as the Cardenismo in Mexico. Facing the shift of many governments towards the left and the 'threat' of socialist Cuba, ultrarightwing groups and the military, supported by the US, responded in many countries with brutal repression and opened the neoliberal era. Today, after 30 years of repression and neoliberal hegemony, the social movements are gaining strength again in many Latin American countries. With the anti-globalization movement, new insurrections like the Zapatismo in Mexico, and some leftwing governments coming into power in Venezuela, Brasil and other countries, there appears to be a new turn in Latin America's road to the future.

scholarly journals Turkestan in the Russian Empire (The second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Gofforov Shokir Safarovich1 ◽  
Tursunova Gavhar
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Good Basis ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Military

The Russian rulers seeker to establish the  military-political supremacy of the Russian Empire in Turkestan and begun the mass migration of orthodox population who could be the reliable support to the Russian army in the area. The immigrants were settled in privileged conditions that served as the good basis for the establishment of colonial rules of governing. The have envisaged the plan of transforming the territory of Turkestan to the comfortable military-strategik base.

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