scholarly journals NETWORK THROUGH CENTURIES: FROM THE BYZANTINE ERA TO PRESENT DAYS

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W11 ◽  
pp. 519-524
Author(s):  
E. Fioretto
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Danube River ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
General View ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Specific Location ◽  
Byzantine Era ◽  
The Military

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Over the centuries, the Roman Empire enlarge and restrict its borders, as a consequence of many factors, like different emperor’s policies, wars and conquests.</p><p>In a general view, we can identify them and we can consider the <i>Danubian Limes</i> as one of the most important one.</p><p>This <i>Limes</i> was mostly characterized by the fact that it was corresponded with the path of the Danube river, from Germany till the Black Sea.</p><p>Those lands, through centuries, were always threaten by the risk of barbarians’ incursions and this is the reason why the <i>Danubian Limes</i> had always been considered as a fragile border.</p><p>During the sixth century, in the midst Byzantine Era, Justinian the I was the first emperor able to consider the problem of the military protection not even “site by site”. He felt the need of an (absolutely modern) idea of considering the <i>limes</i> as a network of sites, who need each other to guarantee a strong and efficient result.</p><p>Speaking about the architectonical choices, the system of military camps and fortress starts to change its identity, becoming cities with specific relations.</p><p>Focusing on the case study of Serbia, the aim of the work is to map the specific location of each archaeological site, trying to use this network as an index of places. The research would like to highlight the important value of those sites as Cultural Heritage, considering the necessity of their preservation and valorization as historical evidence in a new European and common scenario.</p>

scholarly journals Zrínyi VII. Miklós részvétele a harmincéves háborúban (1642‒1644)

PONTES ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 213-227
Author(s):  
Végh Ferenc
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Military History ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Holy Roman Empire ◽  
Small Wars ◽  
The Military ◽  
Supreme Commander

The estates of the Hungarian-Croatian Kingdom, as it is well known, took an active role in the struggles of the Thirty years’ War (1618‒1648) on the Habsburg dynasty’s side. At the request of the monarch, many aristocrats and wealthy noblemen, who had been trained in the so-called small wars (German Kleinkriege) practised along the Ottoman border, raised especially light cavalry units and conducted them to the territory of the Holy Roman Empire. Nicholas VII. Zrínyi/Zrinski (1620‒1664) the Croatian-Slavonian ban-to-be (1647–1664) himself recruited cavalry companies in three successive years (1642–1644), at the head of which he fought in Bohemia and Moravia against the Swedes as well as in upper Hungary against the troops of George I. Rákóczi, the Prince of Transylvania (1630–1648). Moreover, he was appointed as the supreme commander of the Croatian-type cavalry two times. The present gap-fi lling paper primarily aims to clear the chronology of Zrínyi’s field operations in these years. It also reveals his probable motives, the characteristics of the negotiations with the imperial high command as well as the gathering of the troops. The case study will enable us to draw conclusions about the military entrepreneurship of this kind, giving an impetus to the research of this neglected field of early modern military history.

scholarly journals EMPIRE, COMMUNITY, AND CULTURE ON THE MIDDLE EUPHRATES. DURENES, PALMYRENES, VILLAGERS, AND SOLDIERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-95
Author(s):  
TED KAIZER
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Urban Settlement ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Town

Abstract The focus of this paper is on the Middle Euphrates: Dura-Europos as its best-known urban settlement; a series of villages known mostly from two papyrological dossiers situated along the river; and the military stations on the Euphrates. The paper asks questions about the impact (or lack of it) of the culture of Palmyra on the region's communities. It is argued that Dura-Europos remains our best case study for social and religious life in a Near Eastern small town under the Roman empire, and that the only evidence that actually makes the town look potentially ‘untypical’ is the idiosyncratic source material related to its Palmyrene inhabitants. The paper also questions the traditional periodization of Dura's history and puts forward the hypothesis that at two points during the so-called ‘Parthian phase’ Palmyrenes took advantage of a power vacuum along the Middle Euphrates and became the dominant military factor in the region.

scholarly journals AN INTEGRATED APPROACH BASED ON TRADITIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEYS, DIGITAL RECORDING TECHNIQUES AND HISTORICAL DOCUMENTATION FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF THREATS RELATED TO THE CLIMATE-SENSITIVE TERRITORIAL CONTEXT

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-5/W1 ◽  
pp. 195-201
Author(s):  
C. Stanga ◽  
R. Valente ◽  
M. Previtali
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Digital Recording ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Research Climate ◽  
The City

This essay describes an integrated approach – field survey, historic research, climate data, and topography – for the analysis of a complex stratigraphical archaeological site, highlighting its peculiar aspects and its conservation state, and contributing to the studies of this area. <br><br> The case study is San Calocero monastery in Albenga, one of the most important historical evidence of the city, located on the San Martino Hillside, dating back to the VI century but with a complex historical stratigraphy until the XVI century, along with other relevant archaeological sites, such as the Baptistery, the Ponte Lungo, the churches of San Clemente and San Vittore, which, as long as San Calocero, went through several changes over the years.

Wątek składania ofiar w dekoracji budowli sakralnych Dura Europos

Vox Patrum ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 393-402
Author(s):  
Ilona Skupińska-Løvset
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Xxth Century ◽  
Desert Sand ◽  
Military Camp ◽  
The Military

Dura Europos, or as proposed today Europos Dura, was a fortified settlement on the border between the Roman Empire and the East. The archeological dis­coveries reflected the character of the settlement – the fortified agglomeration grouped at the military camp. After its fall Europos Dura was covered by desert sand only to be discovered in the XXth century. Archaeological research has dis­closed documentation of its multicultural character. This paper points to the fact of coexistence of various religions in late antiquity Europos Dura. Paintings and sculptures discovered in situ indicate that scene of offering was a favorite subject in the sacral art of Europos Dura, independent of religion. The ceremony of in­cense burning constitutes the dominant form of offering regarding visualizations of this important ceremony.

The environmental programme for the Danube River Basin

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Rodda
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Danube River ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Regional Approach ◽  
The Danube River ◽  
Danube River Basin

The Programme has the objective of providing a regional approach to environmental management in the Danube River Basin where there is great pressure from a diverse range of human activities. Serious pollution problems exist from urban populations, from industry, and from intensive agricultural practices. Although the water quality of the main Danube river is probably better than the Rhine because of its greater flow, the same is not the case in the tributaries where there the problems are more serious. A factor which makes a compelling case for a regional approach is the deterioration of the Black Sea into which the main Danube river discharges significant loads of nutrients and a range of non-degradable contaminants. The application of limited financial resources will require fine judgement about the high priority pollution sources that will lead to cost-effective improvements. This action, and other technical assistance, also requires a considerable effort to strengthen the organisations having responsibility for environmental management, and to develop effective public participation. The paper emphasises the water pollution problems in the river basin.

Danube River Basin: Progress with the Environmental Programme

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Botterweg ◽  
D. W. Rodda
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Danube River ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Global Environment Facility ◽  
Major Activity ◽  
Wide Range

An Internationally funded Programme, involving the European Commission, the Global Environment Facility managed by UN Development Programme, the World Bank and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, is addressing river basin problems in a unique situation. The solution of these should lead to the prevention of pollution and better water quality, protected ecosystems, sustainable water resources and more efficient sewerage and waste water treatment facilities for the 90 million population living in the region and the reduction of pollution impact on the Black Sea into which the Danube River flows. The paper introduces current Programme activities, the challenges being met and progress. Work is described for implementing a monitoring strategy, an accident emergency warning system and implementation of the 1994 Strategic Action Plan. The applied research activity is explained. The Programme is a major activity with many elements addressing a wide range of environmental problems in the catchment of a major international waterway.

scholarly journals New insights to assess the consolidation of stone materials used in built heritage: the case study of ancient graffiti (Tituli Picti) in the archaeological site of Pompeii

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvestro Antonio Ruffolo ◽  
Natalia Rovella ◽  
Anna Arcudi ◽  
Vincenza Crupi ◽  
Domenico Majolino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Materials Used

scholarly journals Investigation of Nanogrids for Improved Navy Installation Energy Resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4298
Author(s):  
Alissa Kain ◽  
Douglas L. Van Bossuyt ◽  
Anthony Pollman
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Critical Loads ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Military Bases ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
The Military

Military bases perform important national security missions. In order to perform these missions, specific electrical energy loads must have continuous, uninterrupted power even during terrorist attacks, adversary action, natural disasters, and other threats of specific interest to the military. While many global military bases have established microgrids that can maintain base operations and power critical loads during grid disconnect events where outside power is unavailable, many potential threats can cause microgrids to fail and shed critical loads. Nanogrids are of specific interest because they have the potential to protect individual critical loads in the event of microgrid failure. We present a systems engineering methodology that analyzes potential nanogrid configurations to understand which configurations may improve energy resilience and by how much for critical loads from a national security perspective. This then allows targeted deployment of nanogrids within existing microgrid infrastructures. A case study of a small military base with an existing microgrid is presented to demonstrate the potential of the methodology to help base energy managers understand which options are preferable and justify implementing nanogrids to improve energy resilience.

scholarly journals Multitemporal–Multispectral UAS Surveys for Archaeological Research: The Case Study of San Vincenzo Al Volturno (Molise, Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2719
Author(s):  
Nicodemo Abate ◽  
Alessia Frisetti ◽  
Federico Marazzi ◽  
Nicola Masini ◽  
Rosa Lasaponara
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Medieval Art ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Low Altitude

Unmanned aerial vehicles are currently the most used solution for cultural heritage in the field of close range and low altitude acquisitions. This work shows data acquired by multitemporal and multispectral aerial surveys in the archaeological site of San Vincenzo al Volturno (Molise, Italy). The site is one of the most important medieval archaeological sites in the world. It is a monastic settlement that was particularly rich during the early Middle Ages, and is famous for its two full-frescoed crypts which represent a milestone in the history of medieval art. Thanks to the use of multispectral aerial photography at different times of the year, an area not accessible to archaeological excavation has been investigated. To avoid redundancy of information and reduce the number of data to be analysed, a method based on spectral and radiometric enhancement techniques combined with a selective principal component analysis was used for the identification of useful information. The combination of already published archaeological data and new remote sensing discoveries, has allowed to better define the situation of the abbey during the building phases of the 8th/9th century and 11th century, confirming and adding new data to the assumptions made by archaeologists.

THE RHETORIC OF RELIGIOUS CONFLICT IN ARNOBIUS’ADVERSVS NATIONES

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 402-416
Author(s):  
Konstantine Panegyres
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Religious Conflict ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Local Religion ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Christian Writer

In this paper I discuss the ways in which the early Christian writer Arnobius of Sicca used rhetoric to shape religious identity inAduersus nationes. I raise questions about the reliability of his rhetorical work as a historical source for understanding conflict between Christians and pagans. The paper is intended as an addition to the growing literature in the following current areas of study: (i) the role of local religion and identity in the Roman Empire; (ii) the presence of pagan elements in Christian religious practices; (iii) the question of how to approach rhetorical works as historical evidence.

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