scholarly journals À travers la vulnérabilité et l’effort. De la personne que nous deviendrons

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Vinicio Busacchi
Keyword(s):  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethical Challenge ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Initial Idea ◽  
The Will ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

By following Ricoeur’s perspective, this article aims to show how the dialectic of vulnerability and effort constitutes the person’s emancipatory driving force. The author starts from a confrontation between Emmanuel Levinas and Paul Ricœur’s philosophies of the human being, deepening the various stages in order to reinterpret the initial idea that we are born an individual, whereas becoming a person is a process that goes through an interrelational and cultural dialectis. It is from this perspective, which more so than others reveals a significant proximity between Ricœur and Levinas, that the idea of identity as a hermeneutical path of emancipation reveals its dimension of ethical challenge. That ethical challenge concerns, on the one hand,  the relationship between passivity/vulnerability and subjective powers, and, on the other hand, the relationship between the capacity to be recognised by others and the will to progress with them through the challenges of mutual recognition.

The Hierophanic Facets of the Seraphic Hymns

Trictrac ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petru Adrian Danciu
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Material World ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The People ◽  
Musical History ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One

Starting from the cry of the seraphim in Isaiahʹ s prophecy, this article aims to follow the rhythm of the sacred harmony, transcending the symbols of the angelic world and of the divine names, to get to the face to face meeting between man and God, just as the seraphim, reflecting their existence, stand face to face. The finality of the sacred harmony is that, during the search for God inside the human being, He reveals Himself, which is the reason for the affirmation of “I Am that I Am.” Through its hypnotic cyclicality, the profane temporality has its own musicality. Its purpose is to incubate the unsuspected potencies of the beings “caught” in the material world. Due to the fact that it belongs to the aeonic time, the divine music will exceed in harmony the mechanical musicality of profane time, dilating and temporarily cancelling it. Isaiah is witness to such revelation offering access to the heavenly concert. He is witness to divine harmonies produced by two divine singers, whose musical history is presented in our article. The seraphim accompanied the chosen people after their exodus from Egypt. The cultic use of the trumpet is related to the characteristics and behaviour of the seraphim. The seraphic music does not belong to the Creator, but its lyrics speak about the presence of the Creator in two realities, a spiritual and a material one. Only the transcendence of the divine names that are sung/cried affirms a unique reality: God. The chant-cry is a divine invocation with a double aim. On the one hand, the angels and the people affirm God’s presence and call His name and, on the other, the Creator affirms His presence through the angels or in man, the one who is His image and His likeness. The divine music does not only create, it is also a means of communion, implementing the relation of man to God and, thus, God’s connection with man. It is a relation in which both filiation and paternity disappear inside the harmony of the mutual recognition produced by music, a reality much older than Adam’s language.

scholarly journals Más allá del ʻinfierno verdeʼ y del ʻparaíso perdidoʼ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Pau
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Garden Of Eden ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The One ◽  
Western View ◽  
Resources Exploitation ◽  
The Relationship

The Western view of the Amazon rainforest landscape has been for a long time (and partly still is) functional to the colonial ideology and aimed at its natural resources exploitation. Since the colonial penetration, a whole set of myths was created, which crystallised in two stereotyped and opposed images. On the one hand, the Amazonian landscape as ʻgreen hellʼ; on the other, the forest as the Garden of Eden. This paper will approach the theme of landscape and the relationship between human being and nature through the analysis of two Peruvian novels: Paiche, by César Calvo de Araújo and La virgen del Samiria by Róger Rumrrill, which outline a reflection on environmental problems.

scholarly journals Translation as an Ethical Relationship between Ethics and Politics. An Interpretive Reading of Emmanuel Levinas

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Mădălina Guzun
Keyword(s):  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Question ◽  
The Third ◽  
Dual Relationship ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interpretive Reading ◽  
Ethics And Politics

The otherness of the other, considered as foreignness, is deeply intertwined with the problem of translation and with the one of morality. How can the two of them be brought together based on the work of Emmanuel Levinas? The main question which leads my analysis is the following: does morality limit itself to the relationship with another person or does it concern society in its entirety? In the thought of Levinas, ethics is placed on the side of the dual relationship with the other, while the presence of the third institutes the realm of politics. At first glance, the two dimensions contradict each other, for the first one is characterized by infinity, overabundance, and love, while the second one comports a dimension of finitude, measure, symmetry, and justice. Yet these two domains always exist contemporaneously, each of them needing the limitation brought by its counterpart. How is their relationship to be thought? I will argue that the answer can be found within the domain of translation, understood as an essential asymmetry that is both harmonic and disruptive.

scholarly journals Can Senecan Theater of Passions Educate a Virtuous Person?

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-257
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Sanzhenakov
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
The Other ◽  
Virtuous Person ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
Pedagogical Content ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Roman Tragedies ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to the consideration of the pedagogical content of Seneca’s tragedy. The article provides a solution for the problem, which is contained in the controversy – on the one hand, Seneca as other Stoics believes that the passions negatively affect the soul of human being, on the other hand, his tragedies portray plots overrun with passions involving murder, perfidy, betrayal and other crimes. The author suggests that this feature of the plot of dramatic works of Seneca cannot be explained by simple respect of the tradition, according to which the passion is the main driving force of both the ancient Greek and ancient Roman tragedies. The author shows that Seneca intentionally uses certain artistic techniques to achieve the pedagogical effect.

Ciało i duch w pismach Andrzeja Towiańskiego

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Marek Stanisz
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Material World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Will ◽  
Spiritual Reality ◽  
The One ◽  
Christian Perfection ◽  
Full Maturity

Body and spirit in Towiański’s writings Relationship between the body and the soul is one of the crucial issues that romantic anthropology, whose representatives included Andrzej Towiański, is concerned with. The founder of Koło Sprawy Bożej was convinced, just like other romanticists, that material world was subordinate to spiritual reality, as well as that the spirit unquestionably preceded over the body. Towiański underscored the key role that the body should play in one’s striving to achieve Christian perfection, which he believed to be a state of full maturity of a human being. According to Towiański, the body can only serve a man appropriately, when it is subject to the will of the spirit. Thus, the body should be appreciated and seen as a means to spiritual improvement and the entrance gate to a higher reality. On the one hand, this improvement should be achieved through offering a ‘three-fold Christian sacrifice’, recognising God’s intention in suffering that is being experienced and observing strict ethics in marital life, and on the other hand appreciation of bodily needs: cultural entertainment, proper fun and fitness.

scholarly journals The DNA of prophetic speech

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich W. De Wet
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Divine Grace ◽  
The One ◽  
Daunting Challenge ◽  
Manipulative Intent ◽  
The Relationship

Having to speak words that can potentially abuse the divine connotation of prophetic speech for giving authority to the own manipulative intent poses a daunting challenge to preachers. The metaphorical images triggered by ‘DNA’ and ‘genetic engineering’ are deployed in illustrating the ambivalent position in which a prophetic preacher finds himself or herself; ambivalence between anticipation of regeneration at the deepest level of humanity on the one hand, and disquiet about the possibility of forcing a human being against his or her will into meeting certain prescribed expectations on the other hand. In reflecting on possible responses to this ambivalence, the theological positions of two prolific scholars in the research field of Homiletics, Gijs D.J. Dingemans and Charles L. Campbell, are critically considered from the point of view of the relationship between Christology and Pneumatology. In reflecting on theological markers for a sensible response, the author argues for a pneumatology in which the work of the Spirit consists of grafting the very DNA of our humanity and all its faculties into Christ, the only One who can open up the true life that is intended for humanity by divine grace. It will be in the very genes of a prophet to speak graceful words, because the prophet will have seen the wonder of the working of divine grace in his or her own life and will have embraced it willingly and joyfully.

scholarly journals Hikmah Behind The Academic in The Islamic Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-89
Author(s):  
Nur Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Strong Bond ◽  
Ownership Status ◽  
Objective State ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between one human being and another in fulfilling needs (min min al-Nas), there must be a rule that explains both rights and obligations based on agreement (contract). Humans are never separated from the contract (contract / agreement) in their lives. A contract is a bond of consent (statement of acceptance of a bond) and Kabul (statement of acceptance of a bond) in accordance with the will of the Shari'a which affects the object of engagement (contract). Because of the importance of the contract in human life, of course every thing has wisdom, then what is the nature of wisdom and how are the wisdom of the contract in Islamic economics. The essence of wisdom is an expression that refers to a solid knowledge, which includes (can lead to) makrîfah (recognition) to Allah, which comes from the pure inner eye, and the ability of the knowledge to learn and understand the nature of things in their objective state the realm of reality is limited to the supreme ability of humans in finding and discovering the secrets of the shari'a religion (law) and the purpose of Islamic law. While the wisdom of the contracts in Islamic economics are: 1). Moral and material accountability of both parties emerged; 2). The emergence of a sense of tranquility and satisfaction from both parties; 3). Avoidance of disputes from both parties; 4). Avoid legitimate ownership of property; 5). Ownership status of property becomes clear; 6). There is a strong bond between two or more people in transacting or having something; 7) It cannot be arbitrary in canceling an agreement, because it has been set in shar'i; 8). A contract is a "legal umbrella" in possession of something, so that the other party cannot sue or have it. In simple terms the wisdom of the Covenant is an attempt to uncover the truth, practice the truth and fight lust from all forms of evil and realize benefit and reject damage in the muamalah contract of Islamic economics.

Bringing Levinas Down to Earth

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-316
Author(s):  
Joe Larios ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Hans Jonas ◽  
Organic Life ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship

This paper adds to the critical work on the relationship between Hans Jonas and Emmanuel Levinas by arguing that the experience of the face of the other can be made compatible with Jonas’s understanding of metabolism thus allowing for an extension of who counts as an other to include all organic life forms. Although this extension will allow for a broadening of ethical patients on one side, we will see that a corresponding broadening of ethical agents on the other side will prove to be more difficult owing to the exceptionality of the human being that they both maintain and believe is expressed through the experience of responsibility.

scholarly journals Upbringing as a Necessity and Freedom

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Anita Līdaka
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
Personal Freedom ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The One ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
The Relationship

Upbringing is a purposeful process of internal and external conditions of life activity affected the process by which students develop and implement personally important attitudes towards themselves, other people, nature, culture, work, society and the state, acquiring the necessary competence for independent work. On the one hand, upbringing is a public necessity, on the other hand - the phenomen of personal freedom. That is the relationship between these two trends who can be discerned as personality driving force. Hence the importance of a deep understanding the upbringing as a necessity and freedom, which connects the targeted claims against the younger generation and its efforts to understand themselves, self-realization, to meet their growing needs, involving all forces, talents and abilities.

La ética del Otro: una introducción al pensamiento de Emmanuel Lévinas

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Carlos Alvaréz Teijeiro
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Essential Question ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
First Philosophy

Emmanuel Lévinas, the philosopher of ethics par excellence in the twentieth century, and by own merit one of the most important ethical philosophers in the history of western philosophy, is also the philosopher of the Other. Thereby, it can be said that no thought has deepened like his in the ups and downs of the ethical relationship between subject and otherness. The general objective of this work is to expose in a simple and understandable way some ideas that tend to be quite dark in the philosophical work of the author, since his profuse religious production will not be analyzed here. It is expected to show that his ideas about the being and the Other are relevant to better understand interpersonal relationships in times of 4.0 (re)evolution. As specific objectives, this work aims to expose in chronological order the main works of the thinker, with special emphasis on his ethical implications: Of the evasion (1935), The time and the Other (1947), From the existence to the existent (1947), Totality and infinity: An essay on exteriority (1961) and, last, Otherwise than being, or beyond essence (1974). In the judgment of Lévinas, history of western philosophy starting with Greece, has shown an unusual concern for the Being, this is, it has basically been an ontology and, accordingly, it has relegated ethics to a second or third plane. On the other hand and in a clear going against the tide movement, our author supports that ethics should be considered the first philosophy and more, even previous to the proper philosophize. This novel approach implies, as it is supposed, that the essential question of the philosophy slows down its origin around the Being in order to inquire about the Other: it is a philosophy in first person. Such a radical change of perspective generates an underlying change in how we conceive interpersonal relationships, the complex framework of meanings around the relationship Me and You, which also philosopher Martin Buber had already spoken of. As Lévinas postulates that ethics is the first philosophy, this involves that the Other claims all our attention, intellectual and emotional, to the point of considering that the relationship with the Other is one of the measures of our identity. Thus, “natural” attitude –husserlian word not used by Lévinas- would be to be in permanent disposition regarding to the meeting with the Other, to be in permanent opening state to let ourselves be questioned by him. Ontology, as the author says, being worried about the Being, has been likewise concerned about the Existence, when the matter is to concern about the particular Existent that every otherness supposes for us. In conclusion it can be affirmed that levinasian ethics of the meeting with the Other, particular Face, irreducible to the assumption, can contribute with an innovative looking to (re)evolving the interpersonal relationships in a 4.0 context.

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