scholarly journals Utility of Physical Infrastructure and Rural Development: An Analysis of Physical Infrastructures in Kalvarayan Hills Block, Villupuram District, Tamil Nadu

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
P. Ramesh Babu ◽  
P. Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
The Public ◽  
Water Education ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
Strong Bound ◽  
Basic Services

Infrastructure is generally a set of interconnected structural elements that provide the framework supporting an entire structure. The term has diverse meanings in different fields, but is perhaps most widely understood to refer to roads, airports, and utilities. It involves the following:-Physical structures that form the foundation for development. Infrastructure includes: wastewater and water works, electric power, communications. Basic services necessary for development to take place are for example, roads, and electricity, Sewerage, water, education and health facilities. The public facilities and services needed to support residential development, including highways, bridges, schools and sewer and water systems. Permanent resources serving society’s needs, including roads, sewers, schools, hospitals. Railways, communication networks etc. Lack of infrastructure is the main obstacle for the economic development of the rural area; mass poverty leads to poor health, backwardness, illiteracy, ignorance, and isolation; these social conditions working further as a cycle to encircle the pro poor marginalized people in the strong bound of poverty line.

Administrative Responsibility

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-517
Author(s):  
Abdel Rahman Ahmed Abdel Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
General Term ◽  
Public Utilities ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Bureaucracy ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Administrative Responsibility

Public bureaucracies, a general term including government agenciesand departments in the areas of public utilities, social services, regulatoryservices, security, and law enforcement, are indispensable to our welfare;we need them for the provision of these basic services. To provide theseservices, bureaucracies need such resources as power and money. Thepower of bureaucracies is compounded by their virtual monopoly of technicalexpertise, which puts bureaucrats at the forefront of public policymaking.Indispensable to our welfare though they are, public bureaucracies alsopose a potential threat. In view of the technical knowledge they have andtheir consequent important role in policy making, they may dominate publiclife. In other words, they may develop into a power elite and, as a result,act as masters of the public rather than as its servants. More disturbingly,they may not use the public trust to serve the public or respond to its needs.Still more disturbingly, they may breach the public trust or abuse the powerentrusted to them.All of these possibilities have given rise to a widespread fear ofbureaucracy. In some societies, this fear has reached pandemic levels.Fear of bureaucracy is not unwarranted; there is a consensus and concernin administrative and academic circles that the degree of bureaucraticaccountability has declined in both developed and developingcountries. A central issue with public bureaucracy has always beenhow to make it behave responsibly or in the public interest. Despite aplethora of mechanisms for ensuring administrative responsibility orbureaucratic responsiveness, many public bureaucracies may still be unresponsive and unaccountable ...

scholarly journals The Budget as a Basis for Ecological Management of Urbanization Projects. Case Study in Seville, Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4078
Author(s):  
María Rocío Ruiz-Pérez ◽  
María Desirée Alba-Rodríguez ◽  
Cristina Rivero-Camacho ◽  
Jaime Solís-Guzmán ◽  
Madelyn Marrero
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Communication Services ◽  
Concrete Aggregates ◽  
The Public ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Total Impact

Urbanization projects, understood as those supplying basic services for cities, such as drinking water, sewers, communication services, power, and lighting, are normally short-term extremely scattered actions, and it can be difficult to track their environmental impact. The present article’s main contribution is to employ the project budgets of public urbanization work to provide an instrument for environmental improvement, thereby helping public procurement, including sustainability criteria. Two urban projects in Seville, Spain are studied: the first substitutes existing services, and the second also includes gardens and playgrounds in the street margins. The methodology finds the construction elements that must be controlled in each project from the perspective of three indicators: carbon, water footprints, and embodied energy. The main impacts found are due to only four construction units: concrete, aggregates, asphalt, and ceramic pipes for the sewer system, that represent 70% or more of the total impact in all indicators studied. The public developer can focus procurement on those few elements in order to exert a lower impact and to significantly reduce the environmental burden of urbanization projects.

scholarly journals United States response to the COVID-19 pandemic, January–November 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Mathew Alexander ◽  
Lynn Unruh ◽  
Andriy Koval ◽  
William Belanger
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
United States Healthcare

Abstract As of November 2020, the United States leads the world in confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths. Over the past 10 months, the United States has experienced three peaks in new cases, with the most recent spike in November setting new records. Inaction and the lack of a scientifically informed, unified response have contributed to the sustained spread of COVID-19 in the United States. This paper describes major events and findings from the domestic response to COVID-19 from January to November 2020, including on preventing transmission, COVID-19 testing and contact tracing, ensuring sufficient physical infrastructure and healthcare workforce, paying for services, and governance. We further reflect on the public health response to-date and analyse the link between key policy decisions (e.g. closing, reopening) and COVID-19 cases in three states that are representative of the broader regions that have experienced spikes in cases. Finally, as we approach the winter months and undergo a change in national leadership, we highlight some considerations for the ongoing COVID-19 response and the broader United States healthcare system. These findings describe why the United States has failed to contain COVID-19 effectively to-date and can serve as a reference in the continued response to COVID-19 and future pandemics.

scholarly journals Existence of outsiders as a characteristic of online communication networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-447
Author(s):  
TARO TAKAGUCHI ◽  
TAKANORI MAEHARA ◽  
KEN-ICHI KAWARABAYASHI ◽  
MASASHI TOYODA
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Interaction Structure ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
User Groups ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Node Removal ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractOnline social networking services involve communication activities between large number of individuals over the public Internet and their crawled records are often regarded as proxies of real (i.e., offline) interaction structure. However, structure observed in these records might differ from real counterparts because individuals may behave differently online and non-human accounts may even participate. To understand the difference between online and real social networks, we investigate an empirical communication network between users on Twitter, which is perhaps one of the largest social networking services. We define a network of user pairs that send reciprocal messages. Based on the correlation between degree of adjacent nodes observed in this network, we hypothesize that this network differs from conventional understandings in the sense that there is a small number of distinctive users that we call outsiders. Outsiders do not belong to any user groups but they are connected with different groups, while not being well connected with each other. We identify outsiders by maximizing the degree assortativity coefficient of the network via node removal, thereby confirming that local structural properties of outsiders identified are consistent with our hypothesis. Our findings suggest that the existence of outsiders should be considered when using Twitter communication networks for social network analysis.

scholarly journals PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PERAWAT PRAKTIK ATAS TINDAKAN PELAYANAN GAWAT DAN DARURAT PADA MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN DI DESA SUSUKAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Indra Yuliawan ◽  
Adhi Budi Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Science ◽  
The Public ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Primary Responsibility ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

<p class="Default">Tenaga kesehatan banyak mendapatkan sorotan dari masyarakat, karena kesehatan merupakan kebutuhan pokok manusia dan kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM) ditentukan dua faktor yang saling berhubungan yakni pendidikan dan kesehatan. Kesehatan merupakan prasyarat utama agar upaya pendidikan berhasil, sebaliknya pendidikan yang diperoleh akan sangat mendukung tercapainya peningkatan status kesehatan seseorang. Sorotan masyarakat terhadap profesi tenaga kesehatan merupakan suatu kewajaran karena pelayanan kesehatan merupakan kebutuhan yang tidak bisa ditunda dan diabaikan.</p><p class="Default">Profesionalitas profesi kesehatan menjadi harga mati yang tidak boleh ditawar oleh siapapun, karena berhubungan dengan kebutuhan pokok manusia. Tenaga kesehatan terutama perawat dan  bidan sebagai profesi mempunyai tanggung jawab pokok pelayanan kesehatan. Perawat dan bidan  bertanggung jawab dalam bidang kesehatan secara preventif dan  harus mampu menangani berbagai macam pelayanan kesehatan bahkan pelayanan yang memerlukan tindakan darurat, dan melakukan rujukan yang cepat dan tepat.</p><p class="Default">Sebagai Subjek hukum keperanan perawat wajib dilindungi secara hukum. Perlindungan tersebut diperlukan manakala penanganan pertama yang dilakukan perawat dan bidan tidak dapat menyelamat nyawa seseorang dan kemudian ada kekecewaan dalam diri keluarga sang pasien terhadap tindakan bidan atau perawat tersebut. </p><p>Perawat yang mempunyai latar belakang ilmu kesehatan menjadi tujuan masyarakat bilamana ada anggota masyarakat sedang sakit, terlebih lagi jika tidak ada dokter di sekitarnya. Dalam kondisi seseorang sakit tentunya perawat tidak dapat menolak untuk membantu menyembuhkan bahkan menyelamatkan terlebih lagi dalam kondisi gawat bahkan darurat. </p><p>Health workers get a lot of attention from the public, because health is a basic human need and the quality of human resources (HR) determined two interrelated factors of education and health. Health is a major prerequisite for educational efforts to succeed, otherwise education will greatly support the achievement of improving one's health status. The public's spotlight on the health professional profession is a fairness because health care is a necessity that can not be postponed and ignored.</p><p>Professionalism of the health profession becomes a fixed price that no one can bargain for, because it deals with human needs. Health workers, especially nurses and midwives as professions have primary responsibility for health services. Nurses and midwives are in charge of health in a preventive manner and should be able to handle a wide range of health services and even services that require emergency measures, and make quick and precise referrals.</p><p>As the subject of nurses' law of nurses shall be protected by law. Such protection is necessary when the first handling of the nurse and midwife can not save a person's life and then there is disappointment in the patient's family for the actions of the midwife or nurse.</p><p>Nurses who have a health science background become a community goal when there are members of the community are sick, especially if there is no doctor around. In the condition of someone sick of course nurses can not refuse to help heal even rescue even more in emergency conditions even emergency.</p>

scholarly journals Thol tamil samugathil Palli Sol Keatal

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (S-1) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Kalaiselvan P
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ancient Times

Different beliefs and practices are found in human life from birth to death. These beliefs are created by the people and are followed and protected by the mother’s community. Man has been living with nature since ancient times. Beliefs appeared in natural human life. Hope can be traced back to ancient Tamils and still prevails in Tamil Nadu today. The hope of seeing the omen in it is found all over the world. Proverbs show that people have faith in omens. Our ancestors wrote the book 'Gauli Shastri' because the lizard omen is very important in our society. The word lizard played a major role in Tamil life during the Sangam period. It is possible to know that people have lived by the benefit of the lizard. There is hope from the public that the sound of the lizard will predict what will happen next. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the lizard word that has been around for a long time in folklore.

scholarly journals Effect of tsunami load on the elementary school building of the 23/24 Padang, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 07016
Author(s):  
Fauzan Fauzan ◽  
Khin Thu Zar Htay ◽  
Zawil Huda ◽  
Hafiz Oktaufik ◽  
Geby Aryo Agista
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
School Building ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Risk Zone ◽  
The Public ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
High Level

West Sumatra Province is one of the provinces in Indonesia that is vulnerable to natural disasters, especially earthquakes and tsunamis. Padang city, as the capital city of West Sumatra, is an area that is included in an area with a high level of vulnerability (High Risk Zone) to tsunamis. Therefore, the construction of public buildings such as hospitals, government offices, and school buildings must have certain technical engineering that is able to anticipate the damage and collapse of buildings due to the earthquake and tsunami. One of the public buildings as an educational facility in Padang city is the Elementary School building of the 23/24 (SD 23/24 Padang), located close to the beach. Based on the evaluation results of the Detail Engineering Design (DED) documents, it is found that this building was designed without taking into account the tsunami loads. Therefore, a building assessment should be carried out to check the capacity of the building to resist the working loads, including the tsunami loads, and to investigate the effect of the tsunami loads on the SD 23/24 Padang building. In this study, the building was analyzed using ETABS v.18 software based on the new Indonesian Seismic Code, SNI 1726-2019 for seismic load and FEMA P646-2019 for calculating tsunami loads. The results show that the SD 23/24 Padang building is strong against earthquake loads, but it doesn’t have enough capacity when tsunami loads are applied, in which there are several structural elements (columns/beams) that do not have sufficient capacity to withstand the combined earthquake and tsunami loads. The effect of tsunami loads on the building structure is also discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Linked government administrative data: Public or Private?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Data Linkage ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Service Contracts ◽  
Public Data

Background with rationaleIt is commonplace in policy discussions concerning administrative data linkage to presuppose that the data referred to is government services data. But this is not always the case. Much of the data public services hold is now collected via intermediaries, such as Non-Government Organisations, operating under service contracts with one or multiple government departments. Nor are these the only administrative data holdings applicable to clients of government services. There are also vast private administrative data holdings – including utility data, and consumer behaviour data. Creating and amending legislation that governs public service practices in this domain is increasingly made complex when private companies partner with governments agencies on policy development and evaluation work. Understanding the concept of public data for public good in light of this expanded sense of administrative data opens the door to deeper questions about the role linked data can play in government decision making. Main aimThe paper problematizes how legislation governing the linking of government administrative data is scoped and discusses how public service work can be affected by the opaque communication networks that increasingly span the public-private sector divide. Methods/ApproachAfter contextualising the challenge of legislating for administrative data linkage in the current work of the Office of the National Data Commissioner (ONDC) in Australia, this paper tests aspects of the proposed legislation against the extent to which it permits the possibility of ‘data laundering’. ResultsThe presentation demonstrates the need for greater sophistication in the specification of data linkage and sharing legislation in service of the public good. Conclusions This paper indicates that contemporary practices governing the linkage of government administrative data holdings is porous to the aims of extra-governmental organisations and may benefit by better incorporating legislative structures that govern private analytical services entities.

scholarly journals Improving the Efficiency of the Regional Road Services – Middle Euphrates Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Mohammed Abid
Keyword(s):  
Research Problem ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
Spatial Allocation ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Public Road ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
The Subject

Services are one of the important indicators that reflect the welfare of the society and its development. Due to the increase in various means of transport and the increase in internal and external traffic, the provision of basic services for the regional road users has become a necessity that should be studied in a thorough and accurate manner to reach the appropriate mechanism for the spatial allocation of these services. The research problem lies in the lack of interest in the optimal spatial allocation of the public road services because of the overlap between the powers and authority of the municipalities and the directorates of roads and bridges preventing to study the subject comprehensively. In addition, there is a lack of roads in general and regional roads in particular for service stations and passenger vehicle stopping spaces, with standard specifications. Therefore, this research is aimed at identifying the sufficiency of spatial allocation of regional road services and studying the current situation of these services, analyzing the efficiency of these services and finding the shortage. We also set plans and strategies to develop the level of services and invest in a manner that achieves the required sufficiency. Furthermore, some research hypotheses were set: the sufficiency of the spatial allocation of the public road services in the regional roads improves the road level of service by identifying a set of factors that directly affect this sufficiency.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document