scholarly journals Análise epidemiológica e espacial de HIV/AIDS em crianças e gestantes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayla Nunes da Conceição ◽  
Jessica Mykaella Ferreira Feitosa ◽  
Joseneide Teixeira Câmara ◽  
Tharliane Silva Chaves ◽  
Beatriz Mourão Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Information ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Transmisión Vertical ◽  
Hiv Aids

Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico e a distribuição espacial dos casos notificados de HIV/AIDS em crianças e gestantes. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, retrospectivo, epidemiológico, transversal. Compôs-se a amostra por todos os casos de gestantes soropositivas notificadas como infectadas com o HIV no SINAN e crianças com AIDS registradas no SIM, entre 1º de janeiro de 2008 e 31 de dezembro de 2016. Obtiveram-se os dados por meio do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação e do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade, em residentes no município. Resultados: notificou-se um total de 37 casos de gestantes soropositivas, sendo estas jovens com idades entre 16 e 20 anos (32,5%), pardas (70,3%), com menos de oito anos de estudo (70,3%) e donas de casa (59,5%). Registraram-se apenas três casos de crianças com AIDS. Conclusão: conclui-se que o aumento na taxa de incidência de HIV em gestantes, bem como os casos registrados de óbitos em crianças pela AIDS, evidencia a falha na assistência prestada a esses indivíduos. Descritores: Gestantes; Crianças; Transmissão Vertical de Doença Infecciosa; Epidemiologia; Saúde Pública; Estudos Transversais.AbstractObjective: to analyze the epidemiological profile and spatial distribution of reported cases of HIV / AIDS in children and pregnant women. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, retrospective, epidemiological, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of all cases of seropositive pregnant women reported as infected with HIV in SINAN and children with AIDS registered in SIM, between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2016. Data were obtained through the System. Reporting Disease Information and Mortality Information System in residents of the municipality. Results: a total of 37 cases of seropositive pregnant women were reported, being these young women aged 16 to 20 years (32.5%), brown (70.3%), with less than eight years of study (70.3 %) and housewives (59.5%). There were only three cases of children with AIDS. Conclusion: it is concluded that the increase in the incidence rate of HIV in pregnant women, as well as the reported cases of deaths in children by AIDS, shows the failure in the care provided to these individuals. Descriptors: Pregnant Women; Children; Communicable Diseases; Epidemiology; Public Health; Cross-Sectional Studies.ResumenObjetivo: analizar el perfil epidemiológico y la distribución espacial de los casos notificados de VIH/SIDA en niños y mujeres embarazadas. Método: este es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, retrospectivo, epidemiológico, transversal. La muestra consistió en todos los casos de mujeres embarazadas seropositivas reportadas como infectadas con VIH en SINAN y niños con SIDA registrados en SIM, entre el 1 de enero de 2008 y el 31 de diciembre de 2016. Los datos se obtuvieron a través del Sistema de Información de Agravios de Notificación y del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad en residentes del municipio. Resultados: se informaron un total de 37 casos de mujeres embarazadas seropositivas, siendo estas mujeres jóvenes de 16 a 20 años (32.5%), marrones (70.3%), con menos de ocho años de estudio (70.3 %) y amas de casa (59.5%). Solo hubo tres casos de niños con SIDA. Conclusión: se concluye que el aumento en la tasa de incidencia de VIH en mujeres embarazadas, así como los casos reportados de muertes en niños por SIDA, muestran el fracaso en la atención brindada a estas personas. Descriptores: Mujeres Embarazadas; Niño; Transmisión Vertical de Enfermedad Infecciosa; Investigación sobre Servicios de Salud; Estudios Transversales.

scholarly journals SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA: UMA ANÁLISE DO PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO NO MUNICÍPIO DE CRICIÚMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-248
Author(s):  
Luana Rosso ◽  
Mariá Vaz Franco Martins ◽  
Maria Tereza Soratto ◽  
Ivanir Prá da Silva Thomé ◽  
Rozilda Lopes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
The City ◽  
Hiv Aids

A sífilis é uma doença infecciosa sistêmica de evolução crônica e muitas vezes assintomática, transmitida principalmente por via sexual e vertical. O estudo em questão trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, retrospectivo, descritivo de natureza quantitativa e documental, a coleta de dados se deu no Programa de Atenção Municipal as DST/HIV/AIDS (PAMDHA) do município de Criciúma, através de pesquisa documental com base nos dados da Vigilância Epidemiológico do SINAN com o objetivo de investigar os casos de sífilis congênita no município. Através da pesquisa pode-se perceber que entre os anos de 2015 e 2016 constatou 3,7% do total de casos pesquisados chegaram a óbito, dos RN nascidos com sífilis 51,9% foram assintomáticos e 3,8% sintomáticos, os demais não apresentaram características. Do total de gestantes, 66,6% realizou pré-natal e foram diagnosticadas a partir do mesmo, possibilitando o tratamento. Para que haja uma menor prevalência de casos de sífilis é necessário que os profissionais da saúde adotem, além das políticas públicas já disponíveis outros hábitos que levem ao alcance de todas as classes de gestantes, para evitar mais casos de sífilis.Palavras-chave: Gestantes. Sífilis Congênita. Recém-Nascidos. Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. CONGENITAL SYPHILIS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE IN THE CITY OF CRICIÚMA ABSTRACT: Syphilis is a systemic infectious disease of chronic evolution and often asymptomatic, transmitted mainly through sexual and vertical. The study in question it is a cross-sectional study, retrospective, descriptive quantitative and documentary nature, data collection took place in the Attention the Municipal STD/HIV/AIDS (PAMDHA) of the city of Criciúma, through documentary research based on Epidemiological Surveillance data from SINAN aiming to investigate the cases of congenital syphilis in the municipality. Through research you can notice that between the years 2015 and 2016 found 3.7% of total cases surveyed came to death, the RN born with syphilis 51.9% 3.8% were asymptomatic and symptomatic, the others did not show characteristics. Of the total of 66.6% pregnant women, prenatal and conducted were diagnosed from the same, allowing the treatment. So there is a lower prevalence of syphilis cases is necessary that health professionals adopt, in addition to the already available public policies other habits that lead to reach of all classes of pregnant women, to prevent more cases of syphilis.Keywords: Pregnant women. Congenital Syphilis. Newborns. Sexually Transmitted Infections.

Perfil Epidemiológico de Pacientes Renais Crônicos em Tratamento Conservador em um Hospital Escola do Sul de Minas/ Epidemiological Profile of Chronic Renal Failure Patients on Conservative Treatment in a Hospital in Southern School of Minas

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Camila Dorilêo Negretti ◽  
Pablo Girardeli Mendonça Mesquita ◽  
Nilo César do Vale Baracho
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Keywords Epidemiology ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Grade Iii

Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica em tratamento conservador no ambulatório do Hospital Escola de Itajubá. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, de abordagem quantitativa. Realizado com 171 pacientes atendidos em tratamento conservador no ambulatório de nefrologia no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2013. A coleta objetivou caracterizar idade, sexo, raça, estado civil e procedência. Também foram avaliados dados do primeiro atendimento como: valores de ureia e creatinina, o grau de DRC, a etiologia e o número de retorno. Resultados: Dos doentes renais crônicos avaliados, 50,3% eram do sexo masculino, 88% da raça branca, 54,4% casados e a maioria (70,8%) possuía faixa etária prevalente >60 anos. A maioria dos atendidos, 98,5% pertence a microrregião de referência. Quanto a dados de primeira consulta, o diabetes mellitus foi a principal etiologia (38%). Os valores de ureia e creatinina acima da referência preconizada foi observado na maioria dos pacientes e o grau III de DRC em 31% dos casos. O número médio de retornos após a primeira consulta foi de três retornos em 25,13% dos pacientes. Conclusão: A pesquisa permitiu o conhecimento do perfil epidemiológico dos portadores de DRC em tratamento conservador. Os achados reforçam a necessidade de implementação de políticas voltadas para promoção e prevenção à saúde com divulgação de mais programas de controle para minimizar o surgimento de novos casos da DRC. Palavras-chave: Epidemiologia. Doença Renal Crônica. Tratamento. ABSTRACT.Objective: Determine the epidemiological profile of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on conservative treatment at the Hospital Escola de Itajubá. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study of quantitative approach. It was conducted with 171 patients who were treated in conservative treatment at the nephrology clinic from January 2012 to December 2013. The collection aimed to characterize age, sex, race, marital status and origin. We also evaluated data from the first service as: urea and creatinine values, the degree of CKD the etiology and the number of return. Results: Among the chronic renal patients evaluated, 50.3% were male, 88% Caucasian, 54.4% were married and the majority (70.8%) was the most prevalent age group> 60 years. Most of the patients 98.5% belong to micro region of reference. As the first appointment data, diabetes mellitus was the major cause (38%). The urea and creatinine values above the recommended reference was observed in the majority of patients and the DRC grade III in 31% of cases. The average number of returns after the fisrt visit was three return in 25.13% of patients. Conclusion: The research gave us the knowledge of the epidemiological profile of patients with CKD on dialysis. The findings reinforce the need to implement policies for health promotion and prevention with more disclosure of control programs to minimize the appearance of new cases of CKD. Keywords: Epidemiology. Chronic Kidney Disease.Treatment.

scholarly journals Suicide attempt and its associated factors amongst women who were pregnant as adolescents in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Syeda Zerin Imam ◽  
Zhengyue Jing ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Chengchao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Adolescent pregnancy is a risk factor for suicide. We aimed to assess the prevalence of suicide attempts among young women with adolescent pregnancy in Bangladesh and to explore its associated factors. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed young women with adolescent pregnancy in urban and rural areas in Bangladesh to assess suicide attempts, socio-demographic and pregnancy-related characteristics, perceived health status, and perceived social support. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between potentially related factors and suicide attempts. Results Of the participants, 6.5% (61/940) reported suicide attempts in the past 12 months, and the majority (88.5%) of the attempts happened within one year after the pregnancy. Participants with more years after first pregnancy (odds ratio (OR) = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.37–0.61) and more perceived social support from friends (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.55–0.86) were less likely to have suicide attempts, and those perceived bad health status compared with good/fair health status (OR = 8.38, 95% CI: 3.08–22.76) were more likely to attempt suicide. Conclusions Women with adolescent pregnancy were at high risk of suicide attempts, especially those during the first postnatal year. The risk of suicide attempts attenuated with the time after pregnancy, and perceived social support from friends was a protective factor and perceived bad health status was a risk factor for suicide attempts among young women who have experienced adolescent pregnancy.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Patterns of Women with a Twin Pregnancy—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7724
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kwiatkowska ◽  
Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska ◽  
Izabela Walasik ◽  
Agnieszka Osińska ◽  
Iwona Szymusik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active

Background: No specific physical activity guidelines are available for women in multiple pregnancy. Aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and experience of women regarding physical activity during their latest twin pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional study including women after a twin delivery was conducted in Poland. A questionnaire was distributed in 2018 via web pages and Facebook groups designed for pregnant women. Results: 652 women filled out the questionnaire completely. Only 25% of women performed any physical exercises during twin gestation. The frequency of preterm delivery was similar in physically active and non-active participants. 35% of the respondents claimed to have gained information on proper activity from obstetricians during antenatal counselling while 11% claimed to be unable to identify the reliable sources of information. 7% of women admitted to feel discriminated by social opinion on exercising during a twin pregnancy. Conclusions: The population of women with a twin gestation is not sufficiently physically active and is often discouraged from performing exercises during gestation. Therefore, it is crucial to inform obstetricians to recommend active lifestyle during a twin gestation and to provide reliable information on physical activity to pregnant women. Further research on this topic is necessary in order for obstetric providers to counsel women on appropriate exercise with a twin pregnancy.

scholarly journals Knowledge and understanding of obstetric danger signs among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at the National Referral Hospital in Thimphu, Bhutan: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saran Tenzin Tamang ◽  
Thinley Dorji ◽  
Sonam Yoezer ◽  
Thinley Phuntsho ◽  
Phurb Dorji
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstetric Danger Signs ◽  
Danger Signs ◽  
Obstetric Emergencies ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Abstract Background The third Sustainable Development Goal for 2030 development agenda aims to reduce maternal and newborn deaths. Pregnant women’s understanding of danger signs is an important factor in seeking timely care during emergencies. We assessed knowledge of obstetric danger signs using both recall and understanding of appropriate action required during obstetric emergencies. Methods This was a cross-sectional study among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Bhutan’s largest hospital in Thimphu. Recall was assessed against seven obstetric danger signs outlined in the Mother and Child Health Handbook (7 points). Understanding of danger signs was tested using 13 multiple choice questions (13 points). Knowledge was scored out of 20 points and reported as ‘good’ (≥80%), ‘satisfactory’ (60–79%) and ‘poor’ (< 60%). Correlation between participant characteristics and knowledge score as well as number of danger signs recalled was tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Association between knowledge score and participant characteristics was tested using t-tests (and Kruskal-Wallis test) for numeric variables. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics associated with the level of knowledge ('good’ versus ‘satisfactory’ and ‘poor’ combined) were assessed with odds ratios using a log-binomial regression model. All results with p < 0.05 were considered significant. Results Four hundred and twenty-two women responded to the survey (response rate = 96.0%). Mean (±SD) knowledge score was 12 (±2.5). Twenty women (4.7%) had ‘good’ knowledge, 245 (58.1%) had ‘satisfactory’ knowledge and 157 (37.2%) had ‘poor’ knowledge. The median number of danger signs recalled was 2 (IQR 1, 3) while 68 women (20.3%) could not recall any danger signs. Most women were knowledgeable about pre-labour rupture of membranes (96.0%) while very few women were knowledgeable about spotting during pregnancy (19.9%). Both knowledge score and number of danger signs recalled had significant correlation with the period of gestation. Women with previous surgery on the reproductive tract had higher odds of having ‘good’ level of knowledge. Conclusions Most pregnant women had ‘satisfactory’ knowledge score with poor explicit recall of danger signs. However, women recognized obstetric emergencies and identified the appropriate action warranted.

scholarly journals Constrains for seeking post-abortion care among adolescents and young women in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiding Wang ◽  
Jinzhi Liu ◽  
Ribo Xiong ◽  
Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Services Utilization ◽  
Abortion Care ◽  
Post Abortion Care ◽  
Post Abortion ◽  
Youth Friendly

Abstract Background In China, post-abortion care (PAC) services mainly focus on married couples, such that adolescents and unmarried young womenhave limited access to those services for contraception counseling. The provision of youth-friendly PAC services in public hospitals is a new concept in China. This study examined the magnitude of PAC services utilization as well as factors influencing it’s uptake among adolescents and young women in Guangzhou, China. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed from 1st March 2020 to 30th September 2020 using anonymous self-administered questionnaire among 688 women aged 15–24 years in Tianhe district, Guangzhou. The Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine factors that were significantly associated with the uptake of PAC services. Results The magnitude of PAC services utilization was 35.9% among adolescents and young women in Guangzhou, China. Students were 69.0% significantly less likely to use PAC services compared to women who had no job. Immigrants were 59.0% significantly less likely to use PAC services than their native counterparts. Women who had a feeling of stigma were 70.0% significantly less likely to use PAC services compared to those who did not feel stigmatized. Conclusions The study highlights the need to strengthen youth-friendly PAC services provision, and emphasizes the importance of education about both family planning and abortion services among disadvantaged sub-groups of women in the study setting.

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