scholarly journals The Effect of Ankle Position on Peak Eccentric Force during The Nordic Hamstring Exercise

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Satoru Nishida ◽  
Wataru Ito ◽  
Taisuke Ohishi ◽  
Riku Yoshida ◽  
Shigeru Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
S Peak ◽  
Rugby Players

Peak eccentric force during the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) is recognized as a predictive factor for hamstring strain injury (HSI). During the NHE, the knee flexor muscles are eccentrically contracting to resist the knee joint extension. Therefore, it is thought that the action of the gastrocnemius muscle, and thus the ankle position, influences peak eccentric force during the NHE. However, the effect of ankle position on peak eccentric force during the NHE remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of ankle position on peak eccentric force during the NHE in a cohort of 50 healthy young male rugby players (mean age, 18.7 ± 1.2 years; mean body mass, 81.7 ± 15.2 kg; height, 1.72 ± 0.06 m) with no history of HSI. Each participant performed NHE strength testing with the ankle dorsiflexed or plantarflexed position and was instructed to fall forward as far as possible within 3 s. Peak eccentric force, reported relative to body mass (N/kg), of both legs was recorded, and the mean values of both legs were compared in both ankle positions. The mean peak eccentric force was significantly greater with the ankle plantarflexed position than the dorsiflexed position (3.8 ± 1.1 vs. 3.5 ± 1.1 N/kg, respectively, p = 0.049). These results indicate that ankle position should be carefully considered when measuring peak eccentric force during the NHE and performing NHE training.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN HOMOCYSTEIN USED AS A MARKER OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH INCREASED BODY MASS INDEX WHO HAVE MULTIPLE TRAUMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
V. V. Kucheryavchenko
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Apache Ii ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Combined Injuries

In recent years, the concept of "metabolic syndrome" has become more spreading, and in parallel with disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction is no less significant. The aim of our work was to analyze changes in homocysteine (HC) as a marker of metabolic syndrome in patients with an increased body mass index (IBMI) in polytrauma. The study involved 224 patients with polytrauma, who had different initial values of body mass index (BMI) and were treated at the polytrauma department and the intensive care unit for patients with combined injuries for a period from 1 day to 1 year since the moment of injury. All the patients were subjected to identifying the level of serum HC. The patients had the same severity according to the APACHE II scale, 14 ± 5.8, at the admission to the hospital, and were divided into 3 stratified clinical groups depending on the initial values of anthropometric parameters and BMI. The study was conducted on the 1, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 360 days from the date of polytrauma. Assessment of blood serum HC was performed by ELISA. It was found that the overweight patients with BMI ≤ 29.9 demonstrated an increase in the mean values of blood HC on the 7th and 14th days of the treatment, with a further decrease on the 15th day since the date of injury. For the patients with BMI within the range of 30.0 - 39.9, the persistence of the HC index during the first month of the treatment at baseline with an increase on the 360th day was found out. The patients with BMI ˃ 40.0 showed an increase in the level of blood HC through the year since the date of polytrauma. It was revealed that the level of HС directly affects the course of traumatic disease in patients with increased BMI, its severity in terms of uniformity of injuries received and the same range of severity according to the APACHE II scale depends on BMI at the admission to the hospital.

Thyroid Hormone Levels in Panic Disorder*

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram K. Yeragani ◽  
John M. Rainey ◽  
Robert Pohl ◽  
Aurelio Ortiz ◽  
Paula Weinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Trh Stimulation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Controls

A history of thyroid dysfunction has been reported in patients with phobic disorders. There is also evidence of a blunted TSH response to TRH stimulation in patients with panic disorder. In this study, values of T3, T4 and T7 were compared between 26 patients with panic attacks and 20 normal controls. Patients were diagnosed according to DSM-III criteria and those with a clinical history of thyroid dysfunction were excluded. Patients were not on any medication when the blood samples were drawn. The mean values of T3, T4 and T7 did not significantly differ between the two groups, suggesting no evidence of hypo or hyperthyroidism; however, the variance of distribution of T3, T4 and T7 values was significantly different between the two groups (Fmax values for T3: 2.55, p value < 0.05; T4: 3.15, p value < 0.01; T7: 2.55, p value < 0.05).

scholarly journals Applications of BMI or BSI: Differences and Revisions According to Age and Height

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Otto W. B. Schult ◽  
Ludwig E. Feinendegen ◽  
Stephan Zaum ◽  
Walton W. Shreeve ◽  
Richard N. Pierson
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

Validation of body-mass relationships requires a careful statistical analysis of data of normal weight individuals. BMI (ratio between body mass and square of body height) and BSI values (ratio between mass and cube of body height) have been calculated for 99 persons with ages between 1 day and 76 years. These BMI or BSI values have been used for least squares fits yielding mean BMI or BSI values, their variances (providing precision), and average deviations of individual BMI/BSI values from the BMI/BSI means. The latter allows limits to over- and underweight. For adults we found mean values of BSI of 12.36 and confirmed 21.7 for the mean BMI; but the BSI was 1.4 times more precise than the BMI. For children shorter than 1.3 m and younger than 8 years we found the BMI average of 15.9 and over-/underweight limits of 17.4/14.4 being significantly smaller than and incompatible with the recommended BMI values.

Clinical and pathological significance of sibling Graves' disease

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Tanaka ◽  
Shoichi Katayama ◽  
Kanji Kuma ◽  
Hajime Tamai ◽  
Fumio Matsuzuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subtotal Thyroidectomy ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Lymphoid Follicles ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract. The clinical picture and serum antithyroid antibodies in 16 pairs of siblings with Graves' disease were compared with an age and sex matched group of 32 patients with Graves' disease who did not have a family history of any thyroid disease (control patients). There was a significant difference in frequency and mean titres of antibodies to thyroglobulin between sibling patients. (positive 76.0%) and control patients (positive 40.0%), but not in microsomal antibodies (sibling; positive 92.0%, control; 92.0%). There were no significant differences in the mean values of 24 h 131I-thyroidal uptake, serum T3U, serum T4 and T3 concentrations before treatment between the two groups. Lymphoid follicles and degeneration of the epithelia were more often found in the thyroid glands of sibling patients than in those of the control patients, when 32 (16 sibling, 16 control) thyroid glands from the same groups in the clinical study, including antibody series, were examined pathologically after subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves' disease. Moreover, there was a strong tendency to increased lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration in the thyroid glands of sibling patients with Graves' disease. The findings might indicate that Graves' disease is closely related to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, especially in sibling patients with Graves' disease.

scholarly journals Overbite depth indicator and anteroposterior dysplasia indicator cephalometric norms for African Americans

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 897-902
Author(s):  
Samuel Obamiyi ◽  
Zhihui Wang ◽  
Edward Sommers ◽  
P. Emile Rossouw ◽  
Dimitrios Michelogiannakis
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Overbite Depth Indicator ◽  
White Patients

ABSTRACT Objectives: To examine normal Overbite Depth Indicator (ODI) and Anteroposterior Dysplasia Indicator (APDI) values in African Americans and to compare them with mean values from white patients. Secondary aims were to compare mean ODI and APDI values among different age, gender, and combined age-gender groups in African American patients. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 160 African American patients (97 boys and 63 girls; age, 7 to 14 years) with normal occlusion and no history of orthodontic treatment were collected from the Bolton-Brush Growth Center. Cephalometric images were hand traced, and ODI and APDI values were assessed. Two-sample t tests were used to compare mean ODI and APDI values between African American and white patients; and between male and female African American patients. One-way analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey test, was used to compare mean ODI and APDI values among different African American age and combined age-gender groups. Results: Mean ODI and APDI values were significantly lower (P &lt; .0001) in African American than white patients with normal occlusion and no history of orthodontic treatment. Mean ODI and APDI values increased with age in African American patients, and there were no significant gender differences. Conclusions: The mean ODI and APDI values in 7- to 14-year-old African Americans with normal occlusion and no history of orthodontic treatment were 70.9° and 78.1°, respectively, and were significantly lower than the mean values for white patients in the same age range.

Ventilatory Chemosensitivity in Subjects with a History of Childhood Cyanotic Breath-Holding Spells

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Nick G. Anas ◽  
John T. McBride ◽  
Christian Boettrich ◽  
Kenneth McConnochie ◽  
John G. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Breath Holding ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Ventilatory Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Progressive Hypoxia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Voluntary Breath Holding ◽  
Infants And Young Children

The ability of children with cyanotic breath-holding spells to respond to anger or frustration by voluntary breath-holding for prolonged periods (often to the point of precipitating hypoxic seizure activity) suggested the hypothesis that such children may have a less powerful urge to breathe in the presence of hypoxia and/or hypercapnia than children who do not have breath-holding spells. Because ventilatory chemosensitivity is difficult to measure in infants and young children, this hypothesis was tested indirectly by measuring the ventilatory responses to hyperoxic progressive hypercapnia and to isocapnic progressive hypoxia of seven individuals who had a history of cyanotic breath-holding spells in infancy and 17 control subjects. The mean values for sensitivity to hypoxia and to hypercapnia were not significantly different between the two groups, and the responses of the majority of the subjects with cyanotic breath-holding spells were clearly within the normal range. There were fewer individuals with high-normal ventilatory responses among the subjects with cyanotic breath-holding spells. Although children with cyanotic breath-holding spells may have decreased ventilatory chemosensitivity transiently during infancy or may differ from other children in some other aspect of the control of breathing, the pathogenesis of infantile cyanotic breath-holding spells does not involve a permanently blunted sensitivity to hypercapnia or hypoxia.

Field Metabolism of Tree Swallows during the Breeding Season

The Auk ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Tree Swallows ◽  
Passerculus Sandwichensis ◽  
Foraging Modes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Savannah Sparrows

Abstract I used doubly labeled water to study the field metabolic rate (FMR) of Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) on Kent Island, New Brunswick, Canada, during the breeding season. I tested the hypothesis that aerially foraging species have higher energy requirements than other species. For incubating female swallows, carbon dioxide production averaged 201.4 ± 15.8 ml CO2/h. While feeding 5 young, male and female swallows expired CO2 at a rate of 211.6 ± 23.3 and 231.0 ± 26.4 ml CO2/h, respectively. During this period males worked at similar levels to females, but the power consumption of females that fed young was significantly higher than incubating females. For both parents together, the mean number of visits to the nest/h was correlated with CO2 production: ml CO2/h = 201.6 + 2.49 (visits/h). On Kent Island, Tree Swallows had a higher FMR than Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis), suggesting that aerial-foraging birds have a higher FMR than ground-foraging species. For 7 species of hirundines, energy expenditure was associated positively with body mass; log(kJ/d) = 1.34 + 0.53 log(body mass, g). This relationship differed from one for species which use alternative foraging modes (ground foraging and flycatching, n = 11), log(kJ/d) = 0.89 + 0.75 log(body mass, g). Aerial foragers expend from 16-38% more energy/day than do other birds of similar size that spend less time flying.

scholarly journals Statistical study on bodyweight and body fat among students from the Physical Education and Sport Faculty in Iaşi

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Marius Neculăeş ◽  
Paul Lucaci
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This papers aims at identifying the mean body mass index and body fat percentage among students from Physical Education and Sport Faculty in Iaşi. The study was conducted on a series of 297 students majoring in Physical Education and Sports, but also in Kinetotherapy and Special Motricity (bachelor studies and master studies). By determining the body mass index mean and body fat mean for students within five specialties, we managed to classify them into categories. The assessment of body mass index was conducted using the standard formula BMI= weight in kilograms/height in meters2 and that of body fat using the Fat Track II body fat calliper. Research findings highlighted that the body mass index mean values for each academic year range within normal parameters. As for body fat, the mean value of all academic years ranges in the “very good” and “good” categories. Whereas most mean values range within normal limits, it must not be neglected that overweight or underweight cases were also pinpointed, which should be a warning sign for the future specialists in the field of Physical Education and Sports.

scholarly journals Assessment of Tear Film Quality among Smokers Using Tear Ferning Patterns

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M. Masmali ◽  
Adil Al-Shehri ◽  
Saud A. Alanazi ◽  
Ali Abusharaha ◽  
Raied Fagehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Purpose. To investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on the ocular tear film. Methods. Thirty healthy young male cigarette smokers (20–38 years old) and 30 healthy age matched nonsmokers were enrolled in the study. McMonnies questionnaire, slit lamp, and PRT test were used to screen the subjects. Tear samples were collected from the right eyes and tear ferning patterns were observed and graded. Results. The mean MacMonnies scores and TF grades were significantly higher in the smoker subjects (mean ± SD = 9.83±5.22 and 0.96±0.54, resp.) compared to nonsmokers (mean ± SD = 5.96±3.06 and 0.41±0.38, resp.). The mean values obtained from PRT and TBUT tests were 22.23±6.35 mm and 12.17±3.81 s for smokers and 22.16±5.63 mm and 14.13±2.62 s for nonsmokers, respectively. Strong correlations were found between MacMonnies scores and both PRT (r=0.596) and TF (r=0.516). There was statistically significant difference in TF grades (p=0.00), TBUT (p=0.036) and McMonnies (p=0.02) between smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusion. Cigarette smoking could have a significant effect on the tear film quality of the eye.

Serum cholesterol levels in Hair goats of Aksaray Region

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Karaþahin ◽  
Neþe Hayat Aksoy ◽  
Ali Evren Haydardedeoðlu ◽  
Þükrü Dursun ◽  
Gaye Bulut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sera Samples

This study was conducted to determine the levels of serum total cholesterol in Hair goats in different gender and age ranges. For this purpose, the blood samples from 120 Hair goats, young (£ 6 months) and adult (2-4 years), which were found to be clinically healthy, were taken from the vena jugularis. Triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol levels were measured in sera samples. The mean values in adult female goats, young female goats, adult male goats and young male goats were found. Triglyceride levels were found to be higher in male goats than in females. It was observed that the HDL values obtained from male kids were lower than the other ones. The LDL results obtained from the goats were close to each other and statistically insignificant. Thus, in this study, the data obtained is considered to contribute to the formation of reference values in the Hair goats.n

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