scholarly journals Assessment of Tear Film Quality among Smokers Using Tear Ferning Patterns

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M. Masmali ◽  
Adil Al-Shehri ◽  
Saud A. Alanazi ◽  
Ali Abusharaha ◽  
Raied Fagehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Purpose. To investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on the ocular tear film. Methods. Thirty healthy young male cigarette smokers (20–38 years old) and 30 healthy age matched nonsmokers were enrolled in the study. McMonnies questionnaire, slit lamp, and PRT test were used to screen the subjects. Tear samples were collected from the right eyes and tear ferning patterns were observed and graded. Results. The mean MacMonnies scores and TF grades were significantly higher in the smoker subjects (mean ± SD = 9.83±5.22 and 0.96±0.54, resp.) compared to nonsmokers (mean ± SD = 5.96±3.06 and 0.41±0.38, resp.). The mean values obtained from PRT and TBUT tests were 22.23±6.35 mm and 12.17±3.81 s for smokers and 22.16±5.63 mm and 14.13±2.62 s for nonsmokers, respectively. Strong correlations were found between MacMonnies scores and both PRT (r=0.596) and TF (r=0.516). There was statistically significant difference in TF grades (p=0.00), TBUT (p=0.036) and McMonnies (p=0.02) between smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusion. Cigarette smoking could have a significant effect on the tear film quality of the eye.

scholarly journals Effect of preservation time on the quality of frozen semen in indigenous rams

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
BBA Mahmuda ◽  
Azizun Nesa ◽  
BF Zohara ◽  
MGS Alam ◽  
FY Bari
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fresh Semen

The study was carried out to observe the effects of preservation time on the quality of frozen semen of indigenous rams. Semen was collected using AV once a week from 4 rams. Tris based with 10% egg yolk and 7% glycerol extender was used to extend and freezing the semen. Fresh semen was evaluated for volume, density, mass motility and concentration, and mean values were observed as 0.8±0.2ml, 3.0±0.3, 3.2±0.7, 3.9±0.7×109/ml, respectively. Significant difference (p<0.05) was found for all the parameters among the rams. Mean values of motility, viability and normal morphology percentages were 83.3±4.3%, 88.2±4.4%, 84.2±3.5% in fresh semen while those of chilled semen at 40C were 74.7±2.3, 78.8±4.9 and 79.2±2.9%, respectively. For all the parameters, significant (p<0.05) difference was found among the rams. Frozen sperm motility was observed after thawing at 39-400C for 14-15 seconds. The mean motility, viability and normal morphology percentages after freezing for 24hrs, 7, 15 and 30 days of duration were 39.8±3.1, 41.1±4.3, 40.1±4.1 and 39.4±2.9%; 44.5±2.5, 45.3±2.8, 44.6±2.8 and 43.9±2.8%; 71.0±2.0, 71.7±1.5, 70.7±1.7 and 70.3±1.8%, respectively and values did not decrease significantly (p>0.05) with the increasing time of preservation. Non significantly decrease of the semen quality with advance of preservation time indicates the suitability of the protocol used for freezing of indigenous ram semen in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v44i1.23113            Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 44 (1): 10-15

scholarly journals Survival and quality of hospital care for victims of car crashes in Western Azerbaijan, Iran

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity Score ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Car Crashes

Background and aim: Car crashes are among the prevalent incidents seriously threatening public health. This study aimed to assess the survival and quality of hospital care for patients of car accidents in Western Azerbaijan, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,697 trauma victims admitted to Imam Khomeini hospital in Urmia, Iran, during 2016. The data, including systolic pressure, Glasgow Coma Scale, respiratory rate prior to admittance, severity of injuries based on surgery description, limbs and brain computed tomography scan, and diagnostic ultrasound by an specialist, were collected from medical records. The survival chance of patients was estimated using Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS). To evaluate the quality of hospital service, Z and W statistics were utilized. Results: Out of 1,697 admitted victims, 1,226 (72.3%) and 471 (27.7%) subjects were male and female, respectively. The patients were within the age range of 15-54 years, including 901 (75%) male and 296 (25%) female subjects. The predominant educational levels were under diploma and illiterate in male and female patients, respectively. The mean values of the Revised Trauma Score for the recovered and deceased patients were 7.75±0.38 and 6.19±1.59, respectively; however, the mean values of the Injury Severity Score for the recovered and deceased patients were 14.57±13.72 and 52.03±27.02, respectively, indicating a statistically significant difference between the two groups. The number of observed mortalities was 69; nevertheless, the expected mortalities were 60 cases. Furthermore, the quantified W and Z statistics were -9 and 0.02, respectively. Conclusions: The results showed that the observed mortality exceeded the expected morality indicating the low quality of hospital care.

Effects of ipsilateral and crossed eye-hand dominance on catching performance in prepubescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
M. Akif Ziyagil ◽  
Inci Kesilmiş ◽  
Nevzat Demirci ◽  
M. Melih Kesilmiş
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Eye Dominance ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

This study investigates the effects of ipsilateral and crossed hand-eye dominance on one and both hands catching performance (OHCP and BHCP) in participants aged 10 to 13 years. The combined groups including hand and eye dominance consisted of right handed-right eyed (RHRE), right handed-left eyed (RHLE), left handed-left eyed (LHLE) and left handed-right eyed (LHRE), respectively. In this study the mean values were only higher in the favor of LHLE females in left hand OHCP from 2 and 3 m distances. In other side, LHLE males had a higher mean values not only in left hand OHCP from 2 and 3 meters but also in the right hand OHCP from 3 meters. No significant difference was observed in BHCP among four groups in both genders. In conclusion, ipsilateral handeye dominance is an advantage for OHCP compared to cross dominance. Also left side had an advantage compare to the right side in OHCP. Keywords: Hand dominance; physical activity; gender.

scholarly journals Effects of Witch Hazel Oil on Damaged Hair

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-618
Author(s):  
Ju-Sub Kim
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Hair Sample ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Witch Hazel ◽  
Natural Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
L Value ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of applying witch hazel oil on damaged hair.Methods: Adding 2, 4, and 6 g of witch hazel oil, applied to a sample of hairs bleached at level eight, produced formulations intended to enhance hair quality. This sample was compared with a cohort of damaged hair. Lightness (L*) value was measured using a color meter to identify changes in the brightness of the hair sample. In addition, tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and glossiness were measured to verify improvement in damaged hair.Results: The mean L* values of the hairs in the sample were higher when compared with those of healthy hair. However, this effect declined with increased oil dosage. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was observed between damaged hair and the sample. After applying the oil, the mean values for tensile strength in the sample increased in comparison with those of the hair in the damaged hair cohort. However, significant differences were noted for hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample. The mean values for absorbance decreased in all the hairs sampled, with significant differences noted for hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample. Another measure is glossiness, the mean values of which increased for hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample with significant differences.Conclusion: Significant differences in the mean values for tensile strength, absorbance, and glossiness were observed in hairs from the sample treated with varying doses of witch hazel oil, which indicates that the oil can improve the quality of damaged hair. However, we recommend that further studies be conducted to determine improvements in damaged hair using a variety of oils and natural extracts.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serum Levels of LP-PLA2 and CA-242 in Adult Male Cigarette Smokers in Nnewi Metropolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
P.O Manafa ◽  
◽  
N.B Nwankwo ◽  
Ekuma Okereke O ◽  
G.O Chukwuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Ca 242 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Cigarette smoking is a behavioural lifestyle in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed into the body system. Thus, cigarette smoking is a known public health challenge given the number of tobacco-related diseases like hypertension, lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) etc. leading to increased mortality in developed and developing countries. Notwithstanding that the effects of smoking are well documented, individuals who practice cigarette smoking are still on the increase most especially in the developing countries. Study Design/Aim: This was a cross-sectional study designed to evaluate the serum levels of Cancer Antigen-242 (CA-242) and Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) in adult male smokers in Nnewi Metropolis, as emerging inflammatory biomarkers. Materials and methods: A total of 135 subjects aged between 16-65 years were selected for this study. They were classified into 2 major groups (test and control); comprising of 85 cigarette smokers (55 and 30 as test subjects for the evaluation of CA-242 and Lp-PLA2) respectively and 50 non-cigarette smokers (35 and 15 as control subjects for CA-242 and Lp-PLA2 evaluations) respectively. A well-structured questionnaire was used for the collation of information from the participants. Results: the mean serum level of Lp-PLA2 was significantly elevated (P<0.05) in cigarette smokers (67.52±27.29) compared with the non-smokers (63.63±20.81). While the serum level of CA-242 among smokers (1.77±0.70) was of no significant difference (P=0.711) when compared with the non-smokers (1.81±0.20). More so, the mean serum levels of Lp-PLA2 correlated positively with the duration of smoking (r=0.297) and age (r=0.085) in male cigarette smokers. However, there were negative relationships when CA-242 were correlated with duration of smoking (r = -0.156) and age of smokers (r=-0.155). Conclusion: The increased level of Lp-PLA2 along with its positive correlation with other traditional markers like age and smoking duration suggests that Lp-PLA2 is a suitable biomarker to predict cardiac related diseases among cigarette smokers. This is because, Lp-PLA2 is a more specific cardiac predictor compared to the non-specific conventional biomarkers. We therefore suggest that Lp-PLA2 as an independent advanced predictor of cardiovascular disease be further evaluated using follow-up studies with better sample size in CVDs related cases

ARE AGE AND GENDER EFFECTIVE FACTORS ON THE MORPHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF MENTAL FORAMEN?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Güldane MAĞAT ◽  
Mine ÇETİN ◽  
Sevgi ÖZCAN
Keyword(s):  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Sensory Innervation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mental Nerve ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Aim: Foramen mentale is the anatomical formation in which the vein and nerve package feeds and provides sensory innervation to the chin and lower anterior lip area. During implant surgery and osteotomy operations, it is important to know the anatomical morphometric characteristics because of mental nerve damage. This study aims to determine whether mental foramen differ depending on age and gender. Method: 100 patients (50 females-50 males) who applied to neu faculty of dentistry and received kıbt for various reasons between 2020-2021 were included in the study. spss program was used for statistical analysis. a p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean superoinferior diameter of the right and left mental foramen was 3.20 mm and 3.21 mm, respectively. The mean values were 3.12 mm and 3.18 mm for right and left mental foramen, respectively. It was found that the right and left mental foramen are located between the 1st and 2nd premolars. Anteroposterior and superoinferior diameters of the right and left foramen do not differ according to the localization of the mental foramen (p> 0.05). It was found that the parameters except the superoinferior diameter of the right mental foramen did not show a statistically significant difference according to gender (p> 0.05). It was found that the right mental foramen superoinferior diameter of males was statistically higher than females. (p <0.01). It was found that the anterosuperior and superoinferior diameters of the mental foramen did not vary according to age (p> 0.05). Conclusion: According to the result we obtained from this study, it was determined that the superoinferior diameter of the mental foramen was higher in men. This result will guide for those working in the field of anatomy, oral maxillofacial surgeons and oral maxillofacial radiologists.

scholarly journals Effects of different approaches on the quality of dahi

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
AI Bhuiyan ◽  
A Wadud ◽  
A Nahar ◽  
M Al-Amin
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Volume Reduction ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean

The present research work was undertaken to increase the consistency of dahi or yoghurt on its quality using volume reduction, commercial starch powder and potato mash. In this experiment, five different types of dahi samples were prepared and designated as A (30% volume reduction), B (990 ml milk + 1% CSP), C (980 ml milk+2% CSP), D (970 ml milk + 3% CSP) and E (950 ml milk + 5% potato mash). Quality of dahi was also monitored by using physical, chemical and microbiological tests. From the results of physical study (smell and taste, body and consistency, and colour and texture), it was found that the differences of total score among A, B, C, D and E dahi samples were statistically significant. The mean values of acidity, fat, protein, ash, total Solids, water and pH contents for A, B, C, D and E types of dahi were significantly different (p<0.01). No significant differences were observed for coliform count but significant difference was observed in total viable count. It is suggested that 2% commercial starch powder dahi could be used successfully to prepare dahi nearly similar to the quality of plain dahi. Keywords: Consistency; Dahi; Commercial starch powder; Potato mash DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v8i2.7931 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(2): 233-238, 2010  

A COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF ALDOSTERONE SECRETION RATE IN MAN

1966 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lund-Johansen ◽  
T. Thorsen ◽  
K. F. Støa
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Derivative Method ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT A comparison has been made between (A), a relatively simple method for the measurement of aldosterone secretion rate, based on paper chromatography and direct densitometry of the aldosterone spot and (B) a more elaborate isotope derivative method. The mean secretion rate in 9 normal subjects was 112 ± 26 μg per 24 hours (method A) and 135 ± 35 μg per 24 hours (method B). The »secretion rate« in one adrenalectomized subject after the intravenous injection of 250 μg of aldosterone was 230 μg per 24 hours (method A) and 294 μg per 24 hours (method B). There was no significant difference in the mean values, and correlation between the two methods was good (r = 0.80). It is concluded that the densitometric method is suitable for clinical purposes as well as research, being more rapid and less expensive than the isotope derivative method. Method A also measures the urinary excretion of the aldosterone 3-oxo-conjugate, which is of interest in many pathological conditions. The densitometric method is obviously the less sensitive and a prerequisite for its use is an aldosterone secretion of 20—30 μg per 24 hours. Lower values are, however, rare in adults.

CONCENTRADO PROTEICO OBTIDO DAS FOLHAS DE MANDIOCA (Manihot esculenta Crantz) DE TRÊS VARIEDADES COMERCIAIS.

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabel Aparecida Soares ◽  
Mauro Sérgio Téo ◽  
Carlise DEBASTIANI ◽  
Suzymeire BARONI ◽  
Vanessa Silva RETUCI
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Hydrocyanic Acid ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

O trabalho teve por objetivo verificar diferenças entre rendimento do concentrado proteico e proteína bruta da folha da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz), obtidos a partir de três variedades comerciais: branca, cascuda e vermelha. As manivas foram plantadas seguindo o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com três repetições. Nas comparações entre as variedades, considerou coletas escalonadas pós-plantio, realizadas aos 12, 14 e 16 meses. O concentrado proteico foi obtido a partir da farinha das folhas inteiras e submetido ao método de termo - coagulação ácido e a proteína bruta pelo método padrão AOAC. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e comparados pelo teste de Tukey - 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados não indicaram diferença significativa entre as médias obtidas para rendimento de concentrado proteico. Para a variável porcentagem de proteína bruta a variedade Branca foi a que apresentou maior valor, com média de 46,25%, seguida pela Cascuda e Vermelha, 44,52% e 37,30%, sucessivamente. Conclui-se que outros estudos devem avaliar condições que possam influenciar no teor de proteína foliar, como clima e solo, e, avaliar os níveis de ácido cianídrico de cada variedade, indicando qual das três é a melhor para a extração do concentrado proteico das folhas. Palavras chaves: Manihot esculenta Crantz, variedades comerciais, concentrado proteico, proteína bruta. ABSTRACT: The study aimed to assess the differences between income protein concentrate, crude protein of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta Crantz), obtained from three commercial varieties: white, red and cascuda. The cuttings were planted following the completely randomized design with three replications. Comparisons between the varieties considered after planting staggered collections, held on 12, 14 and 16 months. The protein concentrate was obtained from flour of whole sheets and subjected to the term method - acid coagulation and crude protein by AOAC standard method. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test - 5% probability. The results indicated no significant difference between the mean values obtained for protein concentrate income. For the variable percentage of crude protein White variety showed the highest, with an average of 46.25%, followed by cascuda and Red, 44.52% and 37.30%, successively. We conclude that further studies should evaluate conditions that may affect the leaf protein content, such as climate and soil, and evaluate the hydrocyanic acid levels of each variety, indicating which of the three is the best for the extraction of protein concentrate from leaves Key words: Manihot esculenta Crantz, commercial varieties, protein concentrate, crude protein.

scholarly journals Subtle right ventricular dysfunction in asymptomatic chronic heavy cigarette smokers: a speckle tracking case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Iqbal Janhangeer ◽  
Ghada Youssef ◽  
Weal El Naggar ◽  
Dalia El Remisy
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Right Ventricular Function ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Global Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Chronic heavy cigarette smoking can affect the right ventriclular function. The standard echocardiography may not show early right ventricular functional changes, and a more sensitive measure is needed. The aim of this work was to evaluate the subtle subclinical effects of chronic heavy cigarette smoking on the right ventricular function. The study included 55 healthy asymptomatic chronic heavy cigarette smokers (smoking history of at least 5 pack-years and a daily cigarette consumption of at least 1 pack) and 35 healthy non-smoking control subjects. Patients underwent a full clinical assessment and a conventional as well as a 2D-speckle tracking transthoracic echocardiography of the right ventricle and data was compared between the 2 groups. Results The mean age was 32.9 ± 7.2 years in smokers and 30.9 ± 7.9 years in non-smokers (p = 0.227). The 2 groups showed comparable conventional right ventricular systolic and diastolic functions. Smokers showed a significantly lower (less negative) right ventricular global longitudinal strain (− 19.0 ± 3.2% vs. − 24.5 ± 3.5%, p < 0.001). Patients with a higher daily cigarette consumption showed a poorer right ventricular global longitudinal strain (p = 0.014). Conclusion Chronic heavy cigarette smoking can adversely affect the right ventricular function, a finding that can be easily missed by conventional echocardiography and can be better detected by the right ventricular speckle tracking.

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