scholarly journals Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (PAOO) vs Osteoperforations (A Review on Periodontal Reactions to Orthodontic Tooth Movement)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (32) ◽  
pp. 36-51
Author(s):  
Miral Agrawal ◽  
◽  
Shefali Sharma ◽  
Parmeshwari Rathod ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Regional Acceleratory Phenomenon

A high number of adult patients are undertaking orthodontic treatment now because of the newer methods, technology, and innovations available in the market. Orthodontic profession is continually looking for new ways to perform treatment effectively for such patients, as there are many differences in the biology, motivation, and treatment objectives between adults and children. Aligner therapy and mini-implants are some of the ways of managing orthodontic treatment for adult patients. Treatment time is a concern for adult patients and methods to accelerate the orthodontic tooth movement have been a focus in the orthodontic field. Periodontal accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) is a surgical procedure that is performed with a combination of alveolar corticotomy, bone grafting, followed by orthodontic treatment. This procedure uses the principle of regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP). Another procedure commonly used for accelerated orthodontic tooth movement is osteoperforations. This is a minimally invasive procedure, which does not include a flap surgery. The purpose of this article is to describe the differences between adult and children periodontal tissues, the use of different appliances for adult treatment, how orthodontic treatment has been modified for adult patients, and the detailed explanation of procedures for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement such as PAOO and osteoperforations and the potential complications

scholarly journals Accelerated orthodontic tooth movement: surgical techniques and the regional acceleratory phenomenon

2022 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Keser ◽  
Farhad B. Naini
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regional Acceleratory Phenomenon

Abstract Background Techniques to accelerate tooth movement have been a topic of interest in orthodontics over the past decade. As orthodontic treatment time is linked to potential detrimental effects, such as increased decalcification, dental caries, root resorption, and gingival inflammation, the possibility of reducing treatment time in orthodontics may provide multiple benefits to the patient. Another reason for the surge in interest in accelerated tooth movement has been the increased interest in adult orthodontics. Review This review summarizes the different methods for surgical acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement. It also describes the advantages and limitations of these techniques, including guidance for future investigations. Conclusions Optimization of the described techniques is still required, but some of the techniques appear to offer the potential for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement and improving outcomes in well-selected cases.

scholarly journals Dentoalveolar surgery techniques combined with orthodontic treatment: A literature review

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Deniz Uzuner ◽  
Nilufer Darendeliler
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Adult Patients

ABSTRACTSurgery on the dentoalveolar process combined with orthodontic treatment was emphasized as an alternative method for reducing the treatment time and improving the orthodontic treatment on post-adolescent and adult patients. This combined treatment facilitates and accelerates orthodontic tooth movement. This article reviews the clinical practice in surgery-assisted orthodontic treatment in relation to historical perspective, indications and biological principles, as well as limitations and risks of dento-osseous surgical techniques, including dento-osseous osteotomy and/or ostectomy, dento-osseous microfracture, dento-osseous corticotomy, and/or corticoectomy, and dental distraction.

scholarly journals Evaluation of IL1β and IL6 Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels during the Early Phase of Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Adolescents and Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 521
Author(s):  
Simina Chelărescu ◽  
Petra Șurlin ◽  
Mioara Decusară ◽  
Mădălina Oprică ◽  
Eugen Bud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Background: The crevicular fluid analysis represents a useful diagnosis tool, with the help of which noninvasive cellular metabolic activity can be analyzed. The aim of the study is to investigate comparatively IL1β and IL6 in the gingival crevicular fluid of clinically healthy adolescents and young adults during the acute phase of orthodontic treatment. Methods: Gingival crevicular fluid was collected from 20 patients (aged between 11 and 28) undergoing orthodontic treatment. Measurements were taken before (T0) and after 24 h after distalization forces were activated (T1). IL1β and IL 6 were analyzed using Elisa tests. The statistical tests used were two-sided t tests. Results: Between the two time periods there was a significant raise both in the crevicular fluid rate (0.57 µL at T0 vs. 0.95 µL at T1, p = 0.001) and in IL1β levels (15.67 pg/µL at T0 vs. 27.94 pg/µL at T1, p = 0.009). We were able to identify IL6 only in a third of the sites. There is a significantly increased level of ILβ at T1 in adolescents, more than in young adults (42.96 pg/µL vs. 17.93 pg/µL, p = 0.006). Conclusions: In the early stage of orthodontic treatment, the periodontal tissues of adolescents are more responsive to orthodontic forces than those of young adults.

scholarly journals Saliva Leptin Levels in Tooth Movement during Initial Stage of Orthodontic Alignment: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Noraini Abu Bakar ◽  
Wisam Kamil ◽  
Lina Al Bayati ◽  
Basma Ezzat Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Initial Alignment ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: During orthodontic tooth movement, the early response of periodontal tissues to mechanical stress is an acute inflammatory reaction. Mechanical stress from orthodontic appliances is believed to induce cells in the periodontal ligament (PDL) to form biologically active substances, such as enzymes and cytokines, responsible for connective tissue remodeling (Nishijima Y et al 2006). Leptin, a polypeptide hormone has been classified as a cytokine (Zhang et al 1994). Earlier findings concluded that leptin at high local concentrations protects the host from inflammation and infection as well as maintaining bone levels. It has been also suggested that leptin plays a significant role in bone formation by its direct effect on osteoblasts (Alparslan et al 2010). This pilot study aimed to study leptin in saliva and its association with tooth movement during initial orthodontic alignment. Objectives: To determine if there are any differences in saliva leptin level before and after orthodontic alignment. Material and methods: Ten orthodontic patients (7 girls and 3 boys; mean age, 16.76 ± 1.1 years) with crowding (up to 5mm) that required orthodontic fixed appliances, on a non-extraction basis as part of the treatment plan, were recruited in this longitudinal study. Orthodontic study models were constructed at baseline and at 6- weeks after orthodontic treatment commenced. Full fixed orthodontic appliances with initial 0.014” Nickel Titanium archwire placed. The amount of crowding was measured, before and after initial alignment with an electronic digital caliper (Max-Cal, Japan Micrometer Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) with an accuracy of up to 0.01mm. Unstimulated morning saliva sample were collected at all visits, after at least an 8-hour period of fasting and no-toothbrushing. After centrifugation (4000x g;10min), the samples were stored at -25C and tested using Leptin Abnova LEP Human ELISA kit (KA3080) which was subsequently analyzed. Subjects’ periodontal health status was also monitored throughout the study. Ethical approval (ID IREC 262) was received on 7th April 2014 from International Islamic University Malaysia Research Ethics Committee (IREC). Results: Leptin concentration in saliva was significantly decreased in a time-dependant manner (t(9)=8.60, p<0.001), from before orthodontic treatment (7016.45± 425.15 pg/mL) and 6 weeks after bond-up (4901.92±  238.64 pg/mL). Conclusion: Leptin concentration in saliva is decreased during orthodontic tooth movement in initial alignment stage.

scholarly journals Micro-osteoperforations and Its Effect on the Rate of Tooth Movement: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalifa S. Al-Khalifa ◽  
Hosam A. Baeshen
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Regional Acceleratory Phenomenon

AbstractProlonged orthodontic treatments have inconvenienced patients and clinicians alike. Surgically assisted techniques for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement have shown promising results in the literature over the years. The minimally invasive nature of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs), however, for enhanced orthodontic tooth movement has recently gained momentum, with many clinical trials conducted on both animals and humans. An electronic search was performed to extract papers using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. The keywords that were used included “MOP,” “accelerating tooth movement,” “orthodontic tooth movement,” and “regional acceleratory phenomenon.” The studies that met our inclusion criteria were extracted and evaluated in this review. MOPs have been proven time and again, in animal and human studies alike, to increase the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. The application of perforations to cortical bone present in the pathway of teeth, which are specifically to be moved creates transient osteopenia. This reduces the density of the cortical bone, hence speeding up the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Many techniques have been implemented and perfected to enhance orthodontic tooth movement and shorten the treatment time in the literature. MOPs have proven to be a universally applied, nontechnical, repeatable, and minimally invasive method of accelerating tooth movement, with extremely minimal consequences.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic evaluation of periodontal changes during orthodontic tooth movement - work in progress

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Adela Zimbran ◽  
Diana Dudea ◽  
Cristina Gasparik ◽  
Sorin Dudea
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Bone Apposition ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Canine Retraction ◽  
High Resolution Ultrasonography

Background and aim. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a process whereby the application of a force induces bone resorption on the pressure side and bone apposition on the tension side of the lamina dura. However, only limited data are available on the in vivo behavior of the periodontal tissues. The aim of this study was to assess the changes of periodontal tissues, induced by the orthodontic canine retraction, using 40 MHz ultrasonography.Methods. Ultrasonographic evaluation of periodontal tissues was conducted in 5 patients with indication for orthodontic treatment. The upper first premolars were extracted bilaterally due to severe crowding, and the canines were distalized using elastomeric chain with a net force of 100 cN. Ultrasonographic scans (US scans) were performed before, during and after retraction, in three distinct areas of the canines buccal surface: mesial, middle and distal. The reference point was the bracket, which appeared hyperechoic on the US scan. Four different dimensions were obtained: D1 (depth of the sulcus), D2 (thickness of the gingiva), D3 (length of the supracrestal fibers), D4 (width of periodontal space).Results. An increase of D1 was observed in all three areas of the periodontium, during orthodontic treatment.  D3 was strongly correlated before and immediately after force delivery only for the mesial area (r=0.828, p<0.05). In total, 228 variables were statistically analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients, in order to demonstrate the relationship between periodontal findings during orthodontic tooth movement.Conclusions. High-resolution ultrasonography has the capability to obviate changes in periodontal ligament space and free gingiva during orthodontic tooth movement.

scholarly journals Laser therapy and biochemical markers in the acceleration of orthodontic dental movement: a review of the literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Pilar León ◽  
Angela Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Bone Formation Markers ◽  
Intensity Laser

The purpose of this review is to identifyknown and controversial relevant aspects of the role of laser application and biochemical markersduring accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. Biochemical markers that mediate acceleration oforthodontic tooth movement were identified in this review, and also was found that this accelerationof dental movement is possible due to the bone functional properties and its ability to deposition(mediated by osteoblasts) and bone resorption (mediated by osteoclasts). For each of these processesexist biochemical markers that can be measured in serum or urine. Bone formation markers arecollagen and non-collagenous proteins while pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline are resorptionmarkers. There are numerous mechanisms to accelerate tooth movement described in the literature;surgical as corticotomy, insights intramedullary piezocision and surgery first, pharmacological asprostaglandins and D vitamin, and physical as pulsatile stimuli and laser therapy. The purpose ofall of them is to accelerate the process and to have shorter orthodontic treatment. The lasertherapy has been reported as a safe and effective alternative to accelerate tooth movement and theireffects on cell populations involved in bone metabolism and pain have been evaluated in animalstudies and in humans, showing good results to reduce the total orthodontic treatment time andhaving less pain sensation after placement of the arches used in the different stages oftreatment.We concluded that nowadays there is no randomized controlled clinical trials published toevaluate the application of these biochemical markers in the process of acceleration of bonemetabolism during orthodontic treatment with the application of low intensity laser (GaAlAs)considered as an effective tool to increase the speed of tooth movement and to reduce pain afteractivation of orthodontic arches. Key words: Tooth movement, Biochemical markers, Low intensitylaser. Key words: Tooth movement, Biochemical markers, Low intensity laser.

scholarly journals Comparison of rate of maxillary canine movement with or without modified corticotomy facilitated orthodontic treatment: A prospective clinical trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 138-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshal N. Suryavanshi ◽  
Vaishali R. Das ◽  
Aashish Deshmukh ◽  
Raj Rai ◽  
Mena Vora
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Maxillary Canine ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Canine Retraction ◽  
Extraction Therapy

Background and Objectives The average orthodontic treatment time for extraction therapy is 31 months. One of the main disadvantages of orthodontic treatment is time. Alveolar corticotomies have been used in conjunction with orthodontics to reduce the treatment time by increasing the rate of tooth movement. Concerns about the possible risks of corticotomy procedure have led to the modification of this technique. Germeç et al. reported a case treated by their modified corticotomy technique and noted reduced treatment time without any adverse effects on the periodontium and the vitality of teeth with their new conservative corticotomy technique. This study was undertaken to clinically evaluate the efficacy of the aforesaid technique. Materials and Methods A split-mouth study design was carried out to compare the rate of maxillary canine movement with and without modified corticotomy facilitated orthodontic treatment in 10 patients requiring maxillary first premolar extractions. The modified corticotomy procedure was performed on the maxillary arch unilaterally. The upper arch was immediately activated bilaterally after surgical procedure using equal orthodontic forces for retraction of the maxillary canines. The amount of tooth movement was recorded at an interval of every month till the completion of canine retraction. The rate of canine movement on experimental and control site was compared. The patients were followed for 6 months to check the occurrence of undesired effects such as root resorption, periodontal damage and loss of vitality of teeth on the experimental side. Results Higher mean velocity was observed in canines with modified corticotomy facilitated retraction compared to conventionally retracted canines; with the difference in mean velocity between the two groups was found to be clinically significant as well as statistically significant (P < 0.001). Interpretation and Conclusion The results suggested that modified corticotomy technique serves as an effective and safe way to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement, without adversely affecting the periodontium, root resorption, and the vitality of the teeth, as concluded by clinical and radiographic examination.

scholarly journals Other interesting effects of alveolar corticotomies in orthodontics apart from the acceleration of tooth movement

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
T. Gellee ◽  
E. Ouadi ◽  
A.-L. Ejeil ◽  
N. Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Biological Mechanism ◽  
Regional Acceleratory Phenomenon

The acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement due to alveolar corticotomies has been well documented in the literature. It is defined by a phenomenon of transient osteopenia named “the regional acceleratory phenomenon” by Frost. This biological mechanism has been described in studies on both humans and animals. However, other interesting effects in orthodontics are associated with alveolar corticotomies: higher amplitude of tooth movements, a decrease of the root resorptions and an increase of stability after orthodontic treatment.

An Innovative Approach for Accelerated Orthodontic Tooth Movement Stimulated by Corticotomy and Alveolar Grafting withAutogenous Demineralized Dentin Graft of Extracted Premolar- A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gupta V
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
External Root Resorption ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Demineralized Dentin

In today's era, there is an increased demand for orthodontic treatment, especially among young patients. The greatest concern amongst the patients undergoing orthodontic treatment is the increased treatment time. The fixed orthodontic treatment lasts up to 2 to 3 years which further increases the risk of complications associated with the treatment such as external root resorption, periodontal problems, and patient compliance [1]. Clinicians are constantly striving towards developing strategies to enhance the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and decreasing the treatment time. Numerous surgical modalities found to be highly effective in reducing the treatment time for orthodontic therapy include corticotomy, corticision, peizocision, periodontal distraction, dentoalveolar distraction etc. [2]. Wilcko et al. [3] introduced the combined approach corticotomy surgery with alveolar grafting in a technique referred to as Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (AOO) and recently known as Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO). Many studies dictated that PAOO is an extremely predictable, safe, effective technique. The risk of root resorption and the duration of treatment time is considerably reduced [3-5]. The present article focuses on accelerating the orthodontic tooth movement using a Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) graft, alloplast and PRF membranes to reduce the treatment time and improves soft and hard tissue healing outcomes.

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