scholarly journals The ecology of herd immunity

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Fernando Dias de Avila-Pires
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Case History ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Sleeping Sickness ◽  
Short History ◽  
Herd Effect ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Recurrent Theme

The COVID-19 pandemic that began in early 2020 is currently the subject of thousands of articles on the various aspects of its epidemiology. One recurrent theme is the phenomenon of herd immunity or herd effect. In this article, I present a short history of the concept, the arguments around its nomenclature, and the ecologist’s view of the herd effect, using the case history of the sleeping sickness control in Africa. KEY WORDS: Herd immunity; convergence; ecology; sleeping sickness.

Movement and stability analysis of the Beaver Creek landslide, Saskatchewan, Canada

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Yoshida ◽  
J. Krahn
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Residual Strength ◽  
Case History ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Slip Surface ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Slide Mass ◽  
History Of ◽  
Residual Values

This paper presents a case history of a multiblock landslide where the blocks move at varying rates along a common horizontal slip surface which follows the contact between stratified drift and underlying till. Movement measurements indicate that the blocks towards the toe move at a higher rate than blocks towards the scarp. Stability analyses show that the entire slide mass can be analyzed as a single unit as opposed to considering each block separately. This finding is compared with the analysis of other multiblock slides. The friction angle mobilized along the horizontal slip surface falls within the range of residual values measured in the laboratory. Key words: landslides, stability, analysis, translational slides, residual strength.

What’s Wrong with Institutions? A Short History of the Clash between IRAs and Turkish Populists

Populism ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-171
Author(s):  
Emre Balıkçı
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
The Political ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Short History ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Neoliberal Policies

AbstractThe aim of this article is to reveal the institutional dimensions of populism, which tend to be ignored because of the hegemony of economic analysis of the subject. Whereas many researchers assume that populism is a result of the negative economic effects of neoliberal policies on the middle class, I argue that populism is also a corollary of neoliberal institutions’ effect on the political power of so-called ordinary people. To illustrate this, I focus on the rhetoric of Turkish populists concerning two important economic institutions in Turkey: the Public Procurement Authority and the Central Bank. This examination shows that Turkish populists view the independent institutions of neoliberalism as a barrier against the people’s political will and define themselves as fighters for democracy.

Practices of Satisfaction, 1215–1700

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 106-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bossy
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
General Public ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Oxford English Dictionary ◽  
Short History ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Professional Fields

The title, and subject, of this piece is ‘satisfaction’, though its main locus in time is the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. I chose the subject because it fitted in with our president’s preoccupations, and because it interested me; it turns out, to my surprise, to jog our elbow about some contemporary matters, as I guess he wished.We had better start with the word, where there are two distinctions to be considered. The obvious one is between making up for, paying for, making amends, making reparation; and contentment, gratified desire, giving satisfaction, what you can’t get none of. I shall say that the first is the strong meaning, the second the weak one. The first is always other-directed, and entails an offence previously committed; the second is principally self-directed. ‘To content’ is a classical meaning of satisfacere, but it means to content someone else: to do something (facere), as against receiving something. A short history of the word in Latin and English records that the strong meaning emerged into late Latin as a description of church penance, and so passed into English in the fourteenth century. Its heyday was from then until the eighteenth. It referred to ecclesiastical penance (interrupted by the Reformation), the theology of the Redemption (encouraged by the Reformation), and in general public usage to the meeting of any kind of obligation, payment, atonement or compensation. From the eighteenth century it passed from public use, superseded by the weak meaning except in technical or professional fields. One professional usage, to which The Oxford English Dictionary gives a good deal of attention, is ‘to satisfy the examiners’: they think it is a case of ‘content’; may it be a case of ‘avert wrath’?

Theatre and Post-Truth: KGB Experiences Reflected in the Production “History Research Commission” Directed by Alvis Hermanis

2021 ◽  
pp. 310-318
Author(s):  
Lauma Mellēna-Bartkeviča
Keyword(s):  
Performing Arts ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Short History ◽  
Production History ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modern Thinking

“History Research Commission” staged by Alvis Hermanis in New Riga Theatre (2019) is an example of post-truth coming onto the theatre stage in terms of a rather sensitive subject – historical traumas and unsolved issues that still influence today’s society in Latvia. Hermanis’s production accepts the post-truth as an inevitable and obvious present framework of modern thinking; meanwhile, the subject itself (“cheka bags”) implies the impossibility to find out any “truth” due to its distorted nature from the very beginning. “History Research Commission” paradoxically leads to conclude that the post-truth approach in theatre might be the most honest in terms of today’s world, where the truth has lost its previous status of value. The article covers the short history of “post-truth” analysed by Ralph Keyes, Lee McIntyre, and Yael Brahms. It aims to apply the notion to performing arts through the example of KGB’s experiences in Hermanis’s production (co-created with the actors of the New Riga Theatre) that seems to accept the post-truth and the tragedy of Western rationalism facing the impossibility to find out the provable truth regarding certain subjects. The message of absurdity to chase the truth in “cheka bags” confirms post-truth as the status quo of our time.

scholarly journals “The equal internal bisectors theorem, 1840-1940. … Many solutions or none?” A centenary account

1943 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. M'Bride
Keyword(s):  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Short History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

This paper contains (i) a short history of the geometrical theorem proposed in 1840 by Prof. Lehmus of Berlin to Jacob Steiner—“If BJY, CJZ are equal bisectors of the base angles of a triangle ABC, then AB equals AC,” (ii) a selection of some half-dozen solutions from the 50 or 60 that have been given, (iii) some discussion of the logical points raised, and (iv) a list of references to the extensive literature of the subject.

Thirteenth Bjerrum Memorial Lecture: A case history of mysterious settlements in a building

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
J. M. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Case History ◽  
Memorial Lecture ◽  
Pile Driving ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

This lecture describes the investigation of large and damaging settlements in the One Lombard Building in San Francisco Calif. The cause of the settlements was a mystery. Although it was known that settlement began during construction of a major new sewer near the building, it was not clear how the settlements could be related to the sewer construction activities. The paper explains the cause of the settlements and describes the technique used to remedy the problem. The legal and insurance aspects of the case, in some ways more mysterious than the technical aspects, are also described. Key words : settlement, foundations, clay, dewatering, pile driving, underpinning.

A Short History of Designing for Communication on the Web

2011 ◽  
pp. 118-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon B. Heilesen
Keyword(s):  
Interface Design ◽  
Web Design ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Short History ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Web

Web design is important for how we communicate on the Internet, and it also has an in?uence on computer interface design in general. Taking a very literal view of the theme of “designing for communication”, this chapter examines the development of Web design as a prerequisite for understanding what it has become today, and it concludes by offering some re?ections on the future of Web design. In the ?rst part of the chapter, the history of Web design is outlined in terms of the complex interplay of various social, cultural, economic, technological, and communicative factors. This section concludes with the presentation of a framework for Web design that allows for—if not actually reconciles—the many existing approaches to the subject. In the second part of the chapter, it is suggested that Web design, as it has developed so far, may be facing major changes as the requirements of users and the technologies employed to meet them are changing.

scholarly journals A discussion on Units and Standards

1946 ◽  
Vol 186 (1005) ◽  
pp. 149-217 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Short History ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
International Authority ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Executive Body

The sequence of papers following, contributed by members of the staff of the National Physical Laboratory, gives an account of most of the units and standards which are studied at the Laboratory. Each paper explains briefly the principal technical points involved, together with a short history. Of necessity a standard is to some extent a convention, and it may therefore be well to introduce the subject by a short review of the legal and conventional authorities on which they depend. For the metric system the main international authority is the Conference Generale des oids et Mesures, at which duly accredited delegates of each of the thirty-two nations subscribing to the 1875 Treaty, the Convention du Metre, are present, and which, in normal circumstances, meets every six years. The Comite International des Poids et Mesures is the Executive body appointed by the Conference Generale to manage the affairs of the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures between meetings of the Conference Generale. It consists of eighteen members, elected by the Conference, each of whom must belong to a different State, but who, as members of the Committee, are no longer representatives only of their individual countries, but of all subscribing countries. The International Committee meets every two years, makes recommendations to the General Conference, or acts on authority delegated to it by the Conference.

Preloading thick compressible subsoils: a case history

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-480
Author(s):  
Charles F. Ripley
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Case History ◽  
Construction Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
Settlement Analysis ◽  
Settlement Behaviour

A case history of preloading and surcharging a more than 300 ft (1 ft = 0.3048 m) thick compressible subsoil is presented, with data on the settlement analysis, the fill design, other measures used for control of settlements, and the 24 year postconstruction performance. The essential factors for successful application of preloading to thick compressible subsoils are discussed. Key words : preloading, settlement analysis, construction control, settlement behaviour.

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