Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, antimicrobial susceptibility and outcomes of Enterococcus blood stream infection at Bach Mai Hospital and National Hospital for Tropical Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 07.en ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Laboratory Findings

scholarly journals Nontyphoidal Salmonella and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility among Diarrheic Patients Attending Private Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ruhama Kebede ◽  
Haile Alemayehu ◽  
Girmay Medhin ◽  
Tadesse Eguale
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Stool Samples

Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) is one of the major causes of bacterial foodborne infection. It is mainly manifested by self-limiting gastroenteritis in healthy individuals but can also cause severe complications including blood stream infection and mortality. The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Salmonella is becoming a global public health concern. This study is aimed at estimating the prevalence of Salmonella, identifying serotypes involved, and investigating antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates among diarrheic patients attending private hospitals in Addis Ababa. We collected a total of 298 stool samples from diarrheic patients attending five private hospitals in Addis Ababa and isolated Salmonella according to standard microbiological techniques; the isolates were serotyped using slide agglutination and microplate agglutination techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility test of the isolates was carried out using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion assay according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Fourteen stool samples (4.7%) were positive for Salmonella, and Salmonella Kiambu was the most dominant serovar ( n = 7 , 50%) followed by S. Saintpaul ( n = 4 , 28.6%) and S. Haifa ( n = 2 , 14.3%). Three (21.4%) of the isolates were resistant to sulfisoxazole and tetracycline each and 2 (14.3%) to ampicillin. Resistance to two antimicrobials was detected only in 2 (14.3%) of the isolates, and none of the isolates were resistant to more than two antimicrobials. In conclusion, the current study showed low prevalence of NTS in diarrheic patients attending private hospitals in Addis Ababa. Although multidrug resistance to several antimicrobials was not detected in the isolates, prudent use of antimicrobials is recommended to guaranty the long-term use of the available antimicrobials.

The Bacterial Profile And Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern Among Patients With Suspected Blood Stream Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Jilwatun-Noor ◽  
Golam Rob Mahmud ◽  
Firoza Sultana ◽  
Kaniz Fatema ◽  
Mohsina Khatoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Blood Samples

Background: Blood stream infection cause by bacterial pathogens are common in Bangladesh and are often treated empirically. Knowledge of local antimicrobial activity profiles of the most common bacteria causing such infections are of great importance and may play a positive role in healthcare management.The aim of the study was to identify the bacterial pathogens causing bacteraemiaamong the patients of SylhetWomens Medical College,Bangladesh and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Method:This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2019 to January 2020. A total of 2085 blood samples were studied for the etiological and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern .The blood cultures positive isolates were identified by Versa TREK automated blood culture machine. Further identification of bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility test were performed using standard microbiological procedures. Result: Overall, 19.4% of the culture blood samples were positive and Gram positive bacteria were predominant throughout the study period. Staphylococci aureus was the most frequently isolated organism (55%) followed by Escherichia Coli (21%) and a high percentage of these isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Conclusion:This study reveals a significant prevalence of bacterial isolates in blood with multi drug resistance and it highlights the need for periodic surveillance of etiologic agent and antibiotic susceptibility to prevent further emergence and spread of resistant bacterial pathogens.

HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITS

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-969
Author(s):  
Aidyn Salmanov ◽  
Viktor Litus ◽  
Sergiy Vdovychenko ◽  
Oleksandr Litus ◽  
Lena Davtian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain a major public health problem and patient safety threat worldwide. Scant information is available on the occurrence HAI and antimicrobial susceptibility of responsible pathogens in Ukrainian intencive care units (ICUs). The aim: To evaluate the prevalence of HAIs and antimicrobial resistance of the responsible pathogens. Materials and methods: The study included 642 patients and 262 samples isolated from patients with microbiologically proven HAI. The identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of the cultures were determined, using automated microbiology analyzer. Some antimicrobial susceptibility test used Kirby — Bauer antibiotic testing. Interpretative criteria were those suggested by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Results: Among 642 patients, 148 HAIs were observed (23.1%). Death during hospitalization was reported in 20.1% HAI cases. Pneumonia (47.3%), blood stream infection (21.6%), and urinary tract infection (14.9) together accounted for 83.8% of all HAIs reported. Most cases of these infections were device-associated. Considering all HAI types together, Klebsiella pneumoniae were most commonly reported, accounting for 21.8% of all organisms, followed by Acinetobacter baumanni (14.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.4%) and Escherichia coli (9.4%). 59.8% and 6.6% of Staphylococcus aureus were oxacillin and teicoplanin resistant, respectively. Third-generation cephalosporins resistancewas found in 53.8% of K.pneumoniae and 32.1% of E.coli isolates; and carbapenem resistance in 78.6% of A. baumanni and 29.3% of K. pneumoniae isolates. Conclusions: Infection control priorities in intensive care units should include preventing nosocomial pneumonia, blood stream infection, urinary tract infection and of deviceassociated infections.

scholarly journals Transformation of commensal to a pathogen: Blood stream infection due to coagulase negative staphylococci among patients attending tertiary care hospital in North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Anupam Das ◽  
Vikramjeet Singh ◽  
Pranshu Pandey ◽  
Manodeep Sen ◽  
Jyotsna Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
North India ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Culture Positive

Aim of this study was to know the prevalence of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) in Blood Stream Infection (BSI) among patients attending a Superspeciality hospital in North India. Objective of this study was to compare incidence of CoNS in ICU and ward patients suffering from BSI and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. This retrospective hospital based study was conducted in the Microbiology Department, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow for a period of two years (January, 2017 -December, 2018). Blood samples from a total of 6498 patients from Out-Patient, In-Patient and Intensive care unit departments were subjected to aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture. Culture positive broth was subcultured on Blood Agar and MacConkey Agar to isolate pathogens in pure culture. Pure cultured isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility pattern by Kirby Bauer Disk Diffusion method as per CLSI 2018.During the study period, out of total 3284 samples in 2017 and 3214 in 2018, 663 and 595 were found to be culture positive respectively.Staphylococci were isolated from 636 (9.78%) patients (10.2% in 2017 and 9.2% in 2018). Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 18.8% and CoNS from 81.2% of total Staphylococcal isolates. Among CoNS isolates 70.7% were found to be Methicillin Resistant CoNS (MRCoNS). This study observed CoNS as a major cause of BSI as compared to Staphylococcus aureusThe significance of CONS bacteremia should be evaluated better in light of clinical profile of the patient. Better screening and infection control practices in the future can decrease the rate of methicillin resistant CoNS in our centre.

Healthcare associated infections caused by non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR): six years of experience of a tertiary hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 06-12
Author(s):  
Zahidul Hasan ◽  
Md. Kamrul Islam ◽  
Arifa Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Recently non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR) are playing an important role in healthcare associated infections. This observational study in a tertiary care hospital of Dhaka city conducted during 01August 2007 to 30 June 2013 found that 34.8% isolated organisms from patients with healthcare associated infections were NFGNR. Majority (74.3 %) of these infections were occurring inside critical care areas. Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter together constituted 79.6% of the total NFGNR whereas Burkholderia cephacia complex (15.4%), Stenotrophomonas (4.3%) and Chryseobacterium species (0.7%) combined constituted remaining 20.4%. Out of total NFGNRs, Pseudomonas was responsible for highest number of catheter associated urinary tract infections (55.6%), ventilator associated pneumonia (46.3%), respiratory tract infection (65.8%) and surgical site infection (70.6%). Blood stream infection was predominantly caused by Burkholderia cephacia complex (33.5%) and Acinetobacter spp. (39.5%). Other than colistin most of the organisms were resistant to antibiotics commonly recommended for NFGNR.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i2.19326 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2013; 07(02): 6-12

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