scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SELECTED TUMOUR MARKERS AND CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASM AMONG WOMEN IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
K. Atoe ◽  
O. J. Idemudia
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Histological Diagnosis ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Serum Ca125 ◽  
Edo State

Female mortality rate due to cervical cancer is on the increase in developing countries like Nigeria. Early detection of premalignant lesions in the cervix is critical in increasing the chances of survival. This requires an effective primary screening mechanism before the onset of clinical symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the capacity of three biomarkers; Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125), Cancer Antigen 15.3 (CA15.3) and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasm (CIN). The study, which was a cross-sectional prospective study, was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin City and Department of Chemical Pathology, Edo University Iyamho, Edo state Nigeria, between August 2017 and January 2019. A total of 197 female participants were recruited and grouped into; Negative, CIN 1, CIN 2 and CIN 3 based on histological diagnosis. Venous blood was obtained from participants and serum CA125, CA15.3 and CEA levels were determined using standardized laboratory methods. The results showed a significant elevation in serum CA125, CA15.3 and CEA levels with CIN 3 lesions (17.81 ng/ml, 49.46 ng/ml and 17.43 ng/ml respectively) compared to their counterpart healthy individuals (8.89ng/ml, 32. 18ng/ml and 11.57ng/ml respectively). The markers presented low sensitivities (0 - 54.47 %) and high specificities (98.11 – 100.00 %) when compared with gold standard (histological diagnosis).

scholarly journals ASSESSING THE UTILITY OF A CYTOKINE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASM AMONG WOMEN IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
K. Atoe ◽  
R. O. A. Ehimigbai ◽  
E. Ayinbuomwan ◽  
O. E. Onovughakpo-Sakpa
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Cervical cancer has been recognized as the fourth commonest cancer worldwide with 70 % of deaths from cases occurring from developing countries. The mortality rate among women in Nigeria can be drastically reduced by early specific diagnosis of premalignant lesions. Although Cytokines are not routinely used as diagnostic markers for cervical cancer, this study investigated the strength of Granulocyte Monocyte Colony Stimulating growth Factor (GM-CSF) as an indicator in the prediction of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasm (CIN). The study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin City and Department of Chemical Pathology, Edo University Iyamho, Edo state Nigeria, between August, 2017 and January 2019. It was a cross-sectional prospective study. A total of 197 female participants were recruited for this study. Based on histological diagnosis they were grouped as; Negative, CIN 1, CIN 2 and CIN 3. Venous blood was obtained from participants and serum GM-CSF levels were determined using standardized laboratory methods. The results showed a statistically significant elevation of serum GM-CSF in participants with CIN lesions (56.27±1.21ng/ml) compared to those without (33.43±3.03ng/ml). The study also suggests a 56.3% sensitivity and a 95.3% specificity of GM-CSF marker to CIN with an Area under the Curve (AUC) of 0 .907, p<0.001 from the Receivers Operator Curve (ROC). This research suggests the use of GM-CSF as a good marker for screening of those at risk of cervical cancer because of its high prospect to reduce the incidence of false positives. However, because of the low sensitivity, it is recommended that GM-CSF be used as a CIN diagnostic tool in combination with the standard Pap smear test.

scholarly journals Assessment of serum uric acid levels in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Benin City

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Atoe ◽  
Augustine Onovuakpo Eguvbe
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Edo State

Elevated Uric acid levels in humans have been associated with cancer, though the pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. The present study attempts to investigate if elevated uric acid levels could be used to investigate the pre-malignant lesions leading to cervical cancer. The study which was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin City and Department of Chemical Pathology, Edo University Iyamho, Edo state Nigeria, between August, 2017 and January 2019, examined the capacity of detecting Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) early with serum uric acid in order to increase the chances of survival of women at risk. A total of 197 female participants were recruited for the study. Based on histological diagnosis, they were grouped as CIN 1, CIN 2 and CIN 3. The control group were negative for CIN. Venous blood was obtained from participants and serum uric acid levels were determined using standard laboratory methods. The benchmark for serum uric acid levels in diagnosing CIN presented in this study was at 6.55 mg/dL. The probability that uric acid level higher than 6.55 mg/dL indicate the disease probabilty was 93.1%. The age category within the CIN group with the highest level of uric acid was 31-40 years (10.86 mg/dL). The use of serum uric acid as an excellent biomarker for the diagnosis of CIN is therefore suggested due to its high sensitivity.

scholarly journals Postnatal care uptake and associated factors among nursing mothers in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Obi ◽  
Otaniyenuwa Obarisiagbon
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Nursing Mothers ◽  
Edo State

Globally, postnatal care is a strategic public health intervention to aid significant reduction in maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the level of postnatal care (PNC) uptake and associated factors among nursing mothers for improved maternal and newborn outcomes in Benin City, Edo State. Two hundred and twenty (220) nursing mothers attending immunization clinics in University of Benin Teaching hospital, Benin City were studied using a descriptive cross-sectional study design. Data analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS version 21.0 statistical software after sorting and collating researcher administered questionnaire. Results were represented as prose, frequency tables and figures, univariate and bivariate analysis to assess postnatal care uptake and associated factors was carried out with level of significance set at P<0.050. Two hundred and five (93.2%) of the respondents studied registered and attended antenatal care (ANC) during pregnancy. One hundred and twenty-one (55.5%) of respondents studied had good knowledge of PNC, 190 (86.4%) had a positive attitude towards PNC, while 159 (72.3%) attended PNC. ANC registration (P<0.001), knowledge of PNC (P=0.002) and attitude towards PNC (P=0.013) were identified as significant factors influencing PNC among nursing mothers. Postnatal care uptake was high among study participants. ANC registration was a major determinant of postnatal care uptake in the study area, in addition to also significantly influencing knowledge of PNC and attitude towards PNC among nursing mothers studied. There is need to sustain and improve on the gains of postnatal care (PNC) uptake among nursing mothers in Benin City, by promoting sensitizations campaigns to promote ANC registration and attendance among pregnant women.

scholarly journals A Nanoparticle-Lectin Immunoassay Improves Discrimination of Serum CA125 from Malignant and Benign Sources

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1390-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamlesh Gidwani ◽  
Kaisa Huhtinen ◽  
Henna Kekki ◽  
Sandra van Vliet ◽  
Johanna Hynninen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Benign Diseases ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Serum Ca125 ◽  
Europium Chelate

Abstract BACKGROUND Measurement of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is the standard approach for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) diagnostics and follow-up. However, the clinical specificity is not optimal because increased values are also detected in healthy controls and in benign diseases. CA125 is known to be differentially glycosylated in EOC, potentially offering a way to construct CA125 assays with improved cancer specificity. Our goal was to identify carbohydrate-reactive lectins for discriminating between CA125 originating from EOC and noncancerous sources. METHODS CA125 from the OVCAR-3 cancer cell line, placental homogenate, and ascites fluid from patients with cirrhosis were captured on anti-CA125 antibody immobilized on microtitration wells. A panel of lectins, each coated onto fluorescent europium-chelate–doped 97-nm nanoparticles (Eu+3-NPs), was tested for detection of the immobilized CA125. Serum samples from high-grade serous EOC or patients with endometriosis and healthy controls were analyzed. RESULTS By using macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL)-coated Eu+3-NPs, an analytically sensitive CA125 assay (CA125MGL) was achieved that specifically recognized the CA125 isoform produced by EOC, whereas the recognition of CA125 from nonmalignant conditions was reduced. Serum CA125MGL measurement better discriminated patients with EOC from endometriosis compared to conventional immunoassay. The discrimination was particularly improved for marginally increased CA125 values and for earlier detection of EOC progression. CONCLUSIONS The new CA125MGL assay concept could help reduce the false-positive rates of conventional CA125 immunoassays. The improved analytical specificity of this test approach is dependent on a discriminating lectin immobilized in large numbers on Eu+3-NPs, providing both an avidity effect and signal amplification.

scholarly journals Serum levels of cancer antigen 125 before hormone replacement therapy are not associated with clinical outcome of frozen embryo transfer in women with adenomyosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006052110058
Author(s):  
Ling Huang ◽  
Yubin Li ◽  
Minghui Chen ◽  
Zengyan Wang ◽  
Canquan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Frozen Embryo Transfer ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Serum Ca125

Aim This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels before hormone replacement therapy on pregnancy outcomes in women with adenomyosis undergoing frozen embryo transfer. Methods A total of 509 women with adenomyosis were screened and 84 patients receiving a total of 114 cycles of frozen embryo transfer were included, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were divided into two groups based on their CA125 levels (≤ or >35 IU/mL) before hormone replacement therapy. The basic characteristics and main outcomes of the two groups were compared. Receiver operating characteristic curve and subgroup analyses were also conducted. Results There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes of frozen embryo transfer cycles in patients with different serum CA125 levels before hormone replacement therapy. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that CA125 levels before hormone replacement therapy were not predictive of clinical pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions Serum CA125 levels before hormone replacement therapy are not associated with the clinical outcomes of frozen embryo transfer among women with adenomyosis.

scholarly journals Corneal curvature in young high myopic undergraduates in southern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 2592
Author(s):  
Juno Ohiremere Okukpon ◽  
Oluwashola Michael Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Corneal Curvature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Spherical Equivalent Refraction ◽  
Corneal Refractive Surgery ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

Background: Corneal curvature is important for contact lens fitting and management, ocular aberration analysis, corneal refractive surgery as well as diagnoses and management of corneal pathological conditions such as keratoconus and it is also an important biometric factor affecting refractive errors, myopia inclusive.Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted at the Optometry Teaching Clinic, Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Two hundred and twenty myopic eyes of 113 (54 males, 59 females) undergraduates students, between 16 and 25 years with myopia of -5.00 to -20.50 participated in this study. Non-cycloplegic refraction was done by retinoscopic measurement and spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of the eyes was calculated. The corneal curvature was determined with a Bausch and Lomb one position Keratometer (Bausch and Lomb Corp., USA).Results: The mean age, spherical equivalent, corneal curvature and corneal power were 20.44±2.24 years, ̶7.12±3.14DS, 7.72±0.26mm and 43.77±1.48D respectively. Most of the students had a myopia of -5.75 to -10.50DS (46.8%) and a corneal curvature of 7.61-7.90mm (46.82%). There was a difference between the corneal curvature of males and females (P=0.0001). A relationship was also found with gender and corneal curvature (P=0.001).Conclusions: This study found that high myopic females had shorter corneal curvature, with greater corneal powers than their males counterparts (P<0.01). We also found that gender had a significant relationship with the corneal curvature unlike age and the spherical equivalent which showed no relationship (P>0.01).

scholarly journals Clinical and Imaging Features of The Ovarian Cystadenofibroma or Adenofibroma and Their Correlation With Pathological Findings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
li liu ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Qingshu Li ◽  
Zhiwei Zhang ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cystic Mass ◽  
Solid Component ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Laboratory Results

Abstract Purpose To improve the accuracy of the preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cystadenofibroma (CAF) or adenofibroma (AF). Methods Clinical symptoms, laboratory results, imaging features, and pathological results of 11 patients with 11 histologically proven ovarian CAF/AF were reviewed retrospectively. The computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of the tumor including location, number, size, internal characteristics, CT density or MRI signal intensity, enhancement performance, lymphadenopathy, and amount of ascites were comprehensively evaluated. Results With regard to the clinical findings, results of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125), cancer antigen 199 (CA199), and other laboratory tests were normal in most cases (81.8%, 9/11). The imaging features of the 11 lesions were as follows: unilateral occurrence, well-defined boundary, round or roundish, unilocular (63.6%, 7/11), cystic mass (81.8%, 9/11), multilocular (27.3%, 3/11), black sponge sign (18.2%, 2/11), carpet sign (81.8%, 9/11), residual ovary sign (45.5%, 5/11), papillary nodule clusters (45.5%, 5/11), and small vesicle with an acute angle to the inner cyst wall (18.2%, 2/11). The signal intensity of the solid component was isointense or hypointense on T2-weighted imaging and hypo intense on diffusion-weighted imaging. The CT value of the lesions ranged from 21 Hounsfield units (Hu) to 45 Hu. A slight to moderate enhancement degree occurred in more than half of the lesions (54.5%, 6/11). No or a small amount of ascites was present in these cases. Histologic examination revealed SCAF (45.5%, 5/11), SAF (27.3%, 3/11), and borderline CAF/AF (27.3%, 3/11). No necrosis, hemorrhage, or calcification was observed in any of these masses. Conclusion Ovarian CAF/AF usually mimics malignancy, demonstrating a cystic mass combined with solid component on CT or MR images. The integrity of case data including laboratory results and imaging features can help radiologists make an accurate preoperative diagnosis. No or a small amount of ascites may narrow the differential diagnosis.

scholarly journals The Ability Pre-operative Serum (Cancer Antigen-125, Fatty Acid Synthase, and Glucose Transporter) to Predict Primary Suboptimal Cytoreduction in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (A) ◽  
pp. 858-865
Author(s):  
Gatot Nyarumenteng Adhipurnawan Winarno ◽  
Yudi Mulyana Hidayat ◽  
Setiawan Soetopo ◽  
Sofie Rifayani Krisnadi ◽  
Maringan Diapari Lumban Tobing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Auc Value

BACKGROUND: The incidence of ovarian cancer ranks 8th in the world, with 295,414 cases and 184,799 death in 2018. Management in ovarian cancer is surgery and chemotherapy. Some studies state that patients who underwent optimal cytoreduction surgery have better survival rates than suboptimal cytoreduction surgery. The pre-operative serum assessed in this study was Cancer Antigen-125 (CA-125), Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN), and Glucose Transporter (GLUT) to predict suboptimal cytoreduction in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). AIM: We aimed to use FASN and GLUT1 as other biomarkers, besides CA-125, to predict suboptimal cytoreduction surgery in epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS: This observational-analytic cross-sectional study included 109 women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) between 2017 and 2019, who had serum CA-125, FASN, and GLUT measured preoperatively and underwent cytoreductive surgery. RESULTS: The results of the statistical analysis test in this study obtained p values at CA-125 (p = 0.0001), FASN (p = 0.017), and at GLUT (p = 0.013). While the cutoff point (COP) on CA-125 was 248.55, FASN was 0.445, and GLUT was 0.1980. The value of area under curve (AUC) obtained by the ROC method at CA-125 76.7%, FASN 65.3%, and GLUT 63.8%. The combination of CA-125 and FASN shows AUC value 76.9%, the combination of CA-125 and GLUT shows AUC value 72.2%, and the combination of the three shows AUC value 75.2%. CONCLUSION: The use of CA-125 as a predictor of cytoreduction surgery is still considered to be the best predictor compared to serum biomarkers in this study.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge and practice of childhood routine immunization among mothers/caregivers attending primary health care centres in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1703-1710
Author(s):  
N.E. Uwaibi ◽  
I.K. Akhimienho
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Routine Immunization ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

he ultimate goal of immunization is to reduce the incidence of vaccine preventable diseases by attaining high levels of routine immunization coverage with potent vaccines administered at the appropriate ages and at the right intervals. This study assessed the knowledge and practice of childhood routine immunization among mothers/caregivers attending Primary Health Care Centers in Benin City, Edo State. A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 640 females whose wards were receiving immunization in 35 PHCs in Benin City was carried out. Mothers who met the inclusion criteria were recruited using a pre-tested interviewer administered structured questionnaires using a multistage sampling technique. Relationship between dependent and independent variables was determined using logistic regression analysis, at 95% confidence interval and p-values level less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results shows that all the caregivers were aware of immunization. 498(77.8%) with the media being as source of information. A higher proportion of respondent (44.8%) had good knowledge while (38.6% and 12.6%), fair and poor knowledge of immunization respectively. BCG and OPV were the most known vaccines (89.1%), followed by HBV (77.8%), DPT and PENTA were known by 70.6% and 66.1% of respondents respectively. This study revealed good knowledge of immunization amongst the caregivers and good practice with regards to the actual purpose of immunization. Keywords: immunization, mothers, knowledge, under-five, practice

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