ROLE OF PADABHYANGA IN TIMIRA W.S.R TO MYOPIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayshree J Malwe ◽  
Vd. Mohan B. Yeole ◽  
Vd. Govind D. Tundalwar
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Large Section ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Vision Disturbance

Myopia the  commonest  refractive  error  includes  a  large  section  of  present  day  population.  myopia along  with  other refractive  errors  accounts  for 7 % of  the  causes  of  blindness  in  India. It is  highly  significant  problem.  Myopia is  dioptric  condition  of  the  eye  in which  incident  parallel rays  come  to a  focus  anterior  to  the  light  sensitive part  of  the  Retina.  When  accommodation is  at  rest.  Myopia  is  the  commonest eye  defect  affecting  the  young  eyes and  also called  near  or  short  sightedness[1].  Clinical  factors  related  to vision  disturbance  are  seeing in  Drishtigatrogas and  one  among  these  roga  is  Timira . Blurred  Vision  is mentioned  as  symptom in  12   Drishtigat Vikaras.  Timira is  such  an  eye disease  which  starts  from  Avyaktya darshana and  end  in  complete  loss  of  vision. No  separate  etiological  factors  at the  eye  are  to  be considered  for  Timira . Acharya Sushruta  has described  Timira as  Ghora  roga . that  produce visual  disturbance  due  to  accumulation of  doshas in  various  patalas of the  eye[2].  Due to  changing  life  style  and  excessive use  of  computer,  TV,  mobile  screen  worsen visual  acuity and  produce  various  Netra Rogas  and people  use  mostly  modern  medicine, but  in  Ayurveda with  the  help  many therapies  like  padabhyanga . Padabhyanga is  good  for  eye.  Vagabhata identities 4  major  nerves  in the  feet  that  connect  to  the  eyes.  These  transmit the  effect of  the  medicine  applied  over the  feet  in  the  form  of  massage  [3]  .  Hence  every person  should need  make  use  of   padabhyanga . Major  causes  of  blindness,  for  prevalence disease  like  Timira . Hence  the  study is  made  to  explain  effect  of  padábhyanga to  increase  and  maintain  the visual   acuity.

Prevalence of amblyopia and its association with refraction in Chinese preschool children aged 36–48 months

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 767-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Huang ◽  
Xuejuan Chen ◽  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Hui Ding ◽  
Jing Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Disease Study

PurposeTo determine the prevalence of amblyopia and its association with refraction in Chinese preschool children.MethodsThe Yuhuatai Pediatric Eye Disease Study, a cross-sectional, population-based study, was conducted in children aged 36–48 months in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, China, in 2015. Visual acuity was measured in 1695 eligible children.ResultsOf the 1695 subjects, manifested amblyopia was detected in 25 children (1.47%, 95% CI 0.90% to 2.05%), including 11 and 14 with bilateral and unilateral amblyopia, respectively. Amblyopia prevalence did not differ by gender (p=0.77). Significant refractive errors were found in 22 (88.0%) of children with amblyopia, and strabismus was found in 6 (24.0%) children with amblyopia. In multivariate analysis, amblyopia was significantly associated with hyperopia (≥+2.00 dioptres (D); OR 8.81, 95% CI 3.27 to 23.69, p<0.0001), astigmatism (≥2.00 D; OR 17.90, 95% CI 6.78 to 47.21, p<0.0001) and anisometropia (≥2.00 D; OR 5.87, 95% CI 1.52 to 22.77, p<0.05).ConclusionsThe prevalence of amblyopia in children 36–48 months old in Eastern China was 1.47%. The refractive error is a major risk factor for amblyopia.

Effect of Sinus Surgery on Visual Disturbance Caused by Spheno-ethmoid Mucoceles

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Yumoto ◽  
Masamitsu Hyodo ◽  
Seiji Kawakita ◽  
Ryuichi Aibara
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Bony Defect ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Severe Visual Loss ◽  
Sphenoid Sinuses

Fifteen patients suffering from visual disturbance of varying degrees caused by a mucocele of the posterior ethmoid and/or sphenoid sinuses underwent marsupialization of a mucocele into the nasal cavity. Five of the eight patients with severe visual loss worse than 20/200 showed recovery of measurable vision. Two of these five were operated on within 24 hours after the onset of visual loss and showed marked recovery to 20/25 and 20/15. The other seven patients who had relatively mild visual disturbance experienced improvement of visual acuity or remission of subjective complaints such as blurred vision postoperatively. During operation partial bony defect was found in the optic canal in 12 patients and in the skull base in 12 patients. A good understanding of this disease by ophthalmologists and otolaryngologists is essential for early diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment to avoid permanent visual dysfunction and operative sequelae.

scholarly journals AKSHADI TAILA NASYA AND VIDDHAKARMA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PRATH-AMAPATALAGATATIMIRA - A PILOT STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1704-1710
Author(s):  
Priyanka Patil ◽  
Nutan R Radaye ◽  
Govind Lihinar
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Sense Organ ◽  
Sense Organs ◽  
Large Section ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Pace Of Life ◽  
Present Trial

The eye is the prime sense organ among all sense organs, thus the word Drushti indicates the function of vision. Sushruta has described 12 Drishtigat rogas in Uttartantra. The anatomical consideration of Patalas & symptoms of the vitiated Doshas situated in these Patalas reveals that the word Timira which is described as an ocular pathol- ogy in Ayurveda is nothing but errors of refraction. Myopia, a form of refractive error where the distant vision is compromised, embraces a large section of the present-day population. In today's world, the pace of life has become fast, irregular and stressful, due to which the visual acuity gets impeded, which can be correlated with Timira de- scribed in Ayurvedic classics. Prathama Patalagata Timira is explained by all Acharyasas a Sadhya Drishtigata Roga. When vitiated Doshas reaches the Pratham Patala of the eye, the patients have blurred vision; this stage is characterized by Avyaktasdarshana (Sushruta) & Animitta Avyakata Rupa Darshana (Vagbhata). Vagbhata has described Nasya as a treatment modality for Urdhwajatrugata Vikaras Sushruta has described Viddhakarma as a treatment modality for Timira in Sutrasthana. Akshadi Taila Nasya Yoga is explained in Ashtang Hrudaya. In the present trial, 30 patients of Prathama Patalagata Timira were selected and Nasya of Akshadi Taila was done along with Viddhakarma. Keywords: Timira, Nasya, Akshadi Taila, Simple myopia, Viddhakarma

Participation of ABCA1 transporter in development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-370
Author(s):  
Stanislav N. Kotlyarov ◽  
Anna A. Kotlyarova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Reverse Transport ◽  
Current Paradigm

Despite all achievements of the modern medicine, the problem of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) does not lose its relevance. The current paradigm suggests a key role of macrophages in inflammation in COPD. Macrophages are known to be heterogeneous in their functions. This heterogeneity is determined by their immunometabolic profile and also by peculiarities of lipid homeostasis of cells. Aim. To analyze the role of the ABCA1 transporter, a member of the ABC A subfamily, in the pathogenesis of COPD. The expression of ABCA1 in lung tissues is on the second place after the liver, which shows the important role of the carrier and of lipid homeostasis in the function of lungs. Analysis of the literature shows that participation of the transporter in inflammation consists in regulation of the content of cholesterol in the lipid rafts of the membranes, in phagocytosis and apoptosis. Conclusion. Through regulation of the process of reverse transport of cholesterol in macrophages of lungs, ABCA1 can change their inflammatory response, which makes a significant contribution to the pathogenesis of COPD.

Dietary Modifications in Fissure-in-ano: A Qualitative Study Based on Persian Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 860-865
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Tavakoli-Dastjerdi ◽  
Mandana Tavakkoli-Kakhki ◽  
Ali R. Derakhshan ◽  
Azam Teimouri ◽  
Malihe Motavasselian
Keyword(s):  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Fissure In Ano ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Baked Goods ◽  
Persian Medicine

Background: Anal fissure (AF) is a common disease associated with severe pain and reduced quality of life. Factors related to lifestyle, including diet and bowel habits, play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Most of the chronic fissures are not responsive to drugs and more likely to recur. Given the significance of diet in Persian medicine (PM), investigation on physiopathology and appropriate foods can be useful for decreases in AF symptoms and consequences. Objective: This study was intended to evaluate the role of diet in the formation and progression of AF from the perspective of PM. Methods: In this study, the most important resources of PM dating back to thousands of years were reviewed. All these textbooks contained a section on AF, its causes, and treatment. Further analysis was performed on these resources in comparison with databank and resources of modern medicine to develop a food-based strategy for AF management. Results: From the view of PM, the warmth and dryness of anus temperament accounted for AF. Both Persian and modern medicine identified constipation as another cause for AF. Therefore, avoidance from some foods and commercial baked goods was recommended. Both Persian and modern medicine forbad the following foods: potato, cabbage, cauliflower, pasta, beef, fish, and so forth. High fiber and oligo-antigen diets with some limitations have garnered more attention. Conclusion: An integrative approach is recommended employing both Persian and modern medicine for AF. There have been some evidence in this regard, however standardized clinical trials are required for future research.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Findings of Refractive Errors and Amblyopia among the Schoolchildren in Hatta Region of the United Arab Emirates

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Salam Chettian Kandi ◽  
Hayat Ahmad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
School Based

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Uncorrected refractive errors and amblyopia pose a major problem affecting schoolchildren. We had previously observed that many schoolchildren in the Hatta region presented to the ophthalmology clinic with uncorrected refractive errors and amblyopia, which led us to undertake this research. As per the WHO, the term “visual impairment” can be “low vision” or “blindness.” Based on the presenting vision, “low vision” is defined for children who have vision of &#x3c;6/18 to 3/60 or having visual field loss to &#x3c;20° in the better-seeing eye. Children defined to have “blindness” have presenting vision of &#x3c;3/60 or corresponding visual field of &#x3c;10°. <b><i>Purpose:</i></b> To estimate the magnitude of uncorrected refractive errors and amblyopia among the schoolchildren aged 6–19 years and to assess the efficacy of school-based refractive error screening programs in the Hatta region of the United Arab Emirates. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> An epidemiological, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on the entire student population studying in the government schools of the region. Those who failed the Snellen visual acuity chart test and those who were wearing spectacles were evaluated comprehensively by the researcher in the Department of Ophthalmology of the Hatta Hospital. Data were entered in the Refractive Error Study in School Children (RESC) eye examination form recommended by the WHO, and were later transferred to Excel sheets and analyzed by SPSS. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 1,591 students were screened and evaluated from the end of 2016 to mid-2017. About 21.37% (<i>n</i> = 340) had impaired vision with 20.9% (<i>n</i> = 333) refractive errors, of which 58% were uncorrected. Among the refractive error group, 19% (64 subjects) had amblyopia (4% of total students). The incidence of low vision was 9.5% and blindness was 0.38%. Low vision was found to be 9.5% and blindness 0.38%, taking in to account presenting visual acuity rather than best-corrected visual acuity for defining low vision and blindness. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> A significant number of students were detected to have uncorrected refractive errors among the vision impaired group (59%, <i>n</i> = 197) despite a school-based vision screening program in place. Seventy-eight percent of the amblyopia cases (<i>n</i> = 50) were found to be in the 11–19 years age group. Noncompliance with optical corrections was the reason for the high number of cases. A rigorous vision screening program and refractive services, complimented with awareness among parents and teachers, are recommended.

scholarly journals Novel technique of explantation of rigid phakic iris-claw lens and cataract extraction by sutureless manual small-incision surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. e233128
Author(s):  
Prateek Agarwal ◽  
Samuel Edward Navon ◽  
Neha Mithal
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Small Incision ◽  
Complicated Cataract ◽  
Uncorrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Lens Surgery ◽  
Iris Claw Lens ◽  
Iris Claw

A 38-year-old patient presented to us with complaints of blurred vision and photophobia in the left eye with an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/400, improving to 20/60 with pinhole. The patient underwent phakic iris-claw lens surgery 15 years ago for high myopia. On examination, there was anterior chamber rigid phakic iris-claw lens along with complicated cataract. We planned for sutureless self-sealing 6.5 mm sclerocorneal tunnel for explantation of rigid phakic iris-claw lens along with cataract extraction with irrigating vectis. There was postoperative reduction in astigmatism due to incision planned on steep axis, and visual acuity improved to 20/30 uncorrected. This technique provides significant advantages from the previously described techniques in terms of decreased postop astigmatism, no need for sutures, no issues of chamber instability and iris trauma and without the need for phacoemulsification.

scholarly journals Roadmap for Stroke: Challenging the Role of the Neuronal Extracellular Matrix

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7554
Author(s):  
Ciro De Luca ◽  
Assunta Virtuoso ◽  
Nicola Maggio ◽  
Sara Izzo ◽  
Michele Papa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Neurovascular Unit ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Metabolic Demand ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Stroke Research ◽  
Accurate Design

Stroke is a major challenge in modern medicine and understanding the role of the neuronal extracellular matrix (NECM) in its pathophysiology is fundamental for promoting brain repair. Currently, stroke research is focused on the neurovascular unit (NVU). Impairment of the NVU leads to neuronal loss through post-ischemic and reperfusion injuries, as well as coagulatory and inflammatory processes. The ictal core is produced in a few minutes by the high metabolic demand of the central nervous system. Uncontrolled or prolonged inflammatory response is characterized by leukocyte infiltration of the injured site that is limited by astroglial reaction. The metabolic failure reshapes the NECM through matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and novel deposition of structural proteins continues within months of the acute event. These maladaptive reparative processes are responsible for the neurological clinical phenotype. In this review, we aim to provide a systems biology approach to stroke pathophysiology, relating the injury to the NVU with the pervasive metabolic failure, inflammatory response and modifications of the NECM. The available data will be used to build a protein–protein interaction (PPI) map starting with 38 proteins involved in stroke pathophysiology, taking into account the timeline of damage and the co-expression scores of their RNA patterns The application of the proposed network could lead to a more accurate design of translational experiments aiming at improving both the therapy and the rehabilitation processes.

scholarly journals Pathological Role of Apelin in Angiogenic Eye Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 131 (8) ◽  
pp. 1201-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi KASAI
Keyword(s):  
Eye Disease
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