Co-Continuity and Ozone Resistance of Bims Compounds

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy H. Tsou ◽  
Ilan Duvdevani ◽  
Kenneth O. McElrath

Abstract A co-continuous blend of a high ozone resistant rubber with high diene rubbers, or with a mixture of high diene rubbers, can provide a rubber blend that is both ozone resistant and wear and scuff resistant. High diene rubbers have excellent wear and scuff resistances, but are prone to ozone damage. The high ozone resistant rubbers are rubbers that have saturated backbone after vulcanization, such as BIMS. However, depending on the co-continuous morphology, not all co-continuous blends of an ozone resistant rubber with other rubbers are ozone resistant. In this study, a co-continuity index was proposed to measure the co-continuity morphology of 50/50 BIMS/GPR blends. GPR represents a general-purpose rubber and is a mixture of NR and BR in this study. It was found that BIMS compounds having their co-continuity indices greater than 0.7 are ozone resistant. These ozone-resistant compounds were prepared by first adding GPR followed by adding small N351 CB fillers, as compared with the other large N660 CB used in this work. Thus, smaller CB filler first presence in GPR appears to enhance GPR/BIMS phase compatibility during mixing with later added BIMS leading to strong intermixing between co-continuous phases.

Alloy Digest ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  

Abstract SAF 1039 steel can be used in the hot-rolled, normalized, oil-quenched-and-tempered or water-quenched-and-tempered condition for general-purpose construction and engineering. Its manganese content is a little higher than some of the other standard carbon steels with comparable carbon levels; this gives it slightly higher hardenability and hardness. It provides medium strength and toughness at low cost. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CS-66. Producer or source: Carbon steel mills.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Zatwarnicki ◽  
Waldemar Pokuta ◽  
Anna Bryniarska ◽  
Anna Zatwarnicka ◽  
Andrzej Metelski ◽  
...  

Artificial intelligence has been developed since the beginning of IT systems. Today there are many AI techniques that are successfully applied. Most of the AI field is, however, concerned with the so-called “narrow AI” demonstrating intelligence only in specialized areas. There is a need to work on general AI solutions that would constitute a framework enabling the integration of already developed narrow solutions and contribute to solving general problems. In this work, we present a new language that potentially can become a base for building intelligent systems of general purpose in the future. This language is called the General Environment Description Language (GEDL). We present the motivation for our research based on the other works in the field. Furthermore, there is an overall description of the idea and basic definitions of elements of the language. We also present an example of the GEDL language usage in the JSON notation. The example shows how to store the knowledge and define the problem to be solved, and the solution to the problem itself. In the end, we present potential fields of application and future work. This article is an introduction to new research in the field of Artificial General Intelligence.


Polymer ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Xinyan Shi ◽  
Shugao Zhao

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Kumcu

Linguistic synaesthesia (i.e., synaesthetic metaphor, intrafield metaphor or cross-modal metaphor) refers to instances in which expressions in different sensory modalities are combined as in the case of sweet (taste) melody (sound). Ullmann (1957) and later, Williams (1976) were first to show that synaesthetic transfers seem to follow a potentially universal pattern that goes from the lower (i.e., touch, taste and smell) to higher senses (i.e., hearing and sight) but not the other way around (e.g., melodious sweetness) Studies across languages, cultures, domains, and text types presented mixed results as to the universality claim of cross-modal mappings in linguistic synaesthesia (e.g., Jo, 2019; Strik Lievers, 2015; Zhao et al., 2019). To extend results to an underrepresented language and thus, to test the universality of the directionality principle, 5699 cases of linguistic synaesthesia in written and spoken Turkish were investigated using a general-purpose, large corpus. Results show that except for the transfers from smell to hearing which is unidirectional, synaesthetic transfers in Turkish do not comply with the directionality principle in the strictest sense. Although most transfers that follow the canonical direction were also significantly more frequent, there were instances of “backward transfers”. Further, two of the backward transfers (i.e., from smell to touch and from taste to touch) were significantly more frequent than their canonical counterparts (i.e., from touch to smell and from touch to taste). Results are compared against synaesthesia in other languages and discussed in the framework of linguistic universals and embodied cognition. Supplemental materials: https://osf.io/2unvy


1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Speranzini ◽  
S. J. Drost

Abstract Laboratory data have shown that the performance of tire sidewall components can be significantly improved by substituting EPDM and halogenated elastomers, either alone or in combination, for a portion of the highly unsaturated polymers now in use. Blends of EPDM and general purpose polymers provide improved weathering resistance, especially static ozone resistance. Blends of EPDM, chlorinated polymers and highly unsaturated elastomers offer a further improvement in weathering resistance and markedly better resistance to flex cracking. Chlorobutyl has been found to be more effective than polychloroprene in enhancing the dynamic properties of these blends. The level of performance achievable by these blends is a function of the chlorinated elastomer concentration. Current Los Angeles outdoor tire test results indicate that 25% RHC EPDM blends with general purpose elastomers perform adequately as sidewall components in the bias ply construction. The more severe dynamic sidewall flexing of the bias-belted and radial constructions, however, appears to require a higher level of sidewall performance. For these constructions, the tire test results indicate that select blends of EPDM, chlorinated butyl and highly unsaturated rubbers should provide satisfactory performance.


1957 ◽  
Vol 103 (431) ◽  
pp. 364-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Shapiro ◽  
Jack Field ◽  
F. Post

In a previous study, Shapiro, Post, Lofving and Inglis (10) found that a modified version of the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test differentiated, at a high level of confidence, three groups of elderly psychiatric patients: brain-damaged patients, functionals and a group of doubtful diagnosis. This level of confidence was far higher than that of any of the other 24 tests used. Furthermore, a number of recent studies have shown that the Bender test differentiated Organic from non-Organic subjects (2, 4, 6, 7, 8). In our own Department Yates (13) found significant differences on measures of the reproductions of other designs between Organics and Functionals. In view of these findings we decided to investigate our own results further. Our general purpose was to measure and control some of the variables appearing relevant in the performance of the task and in this way make possible testable explanations for the results.


1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel F. Neuts

This paper is part of a broader investigation of properties of a point process that can be identified by imagining that the process is involved in a competition for the generation of runs of events. The general purpose of that methodology is to quantify the prevalence of gaps and bursts in realizations of the process. The Markovian arrival process (MAP) is highly versatile in qualitative behavior and its analysis is numerically tractable by matrix-analytic methods. It can therefore serve well as a benchmark process in that investigation. In this paper, we consider the MAP and a regular grid competing for runs of lengths at least r1 and r2, respectively. A run of length r in one of the processes is defined as a string of r successive events occurring without an intervening event in the other process.This article is dedicated to the memory of Roland L. Dobrushin.


Author(s):  
Angel Gil ◽  
Jose Aguilar ◽  
Eladio Dapena ◽  
Rafael Rivas

<p>This article describes an emotional model for a general-purpose robot operating in a multi-robot system with emergent behavior. The model considers four basic emotions: anger, rejection, sadness and joy, plus  a neutral emotional state, which affect the behavior of the robot,  both individually and collectively. The emotional state of each robot in  the system is constructed through the conjunction of a series of factors related to their individual and collective actions, which are: safety, load, acting and interaction, which serve as input to an emotional process that results in an index of satisfaction of the robot that establishes the emotional state in which it is in a certain moment. The emotional state of a robot influences its interactions with the other robots and with the environment, that is, it determines its emergent behavior in the system. This paper  presents the design of this model, and establishes some considerations for its implementation.</p>


Author(s):  
Галина Марчук

Анотація. Стаття присвячена аналізу особливостей формування соціальної компетентності дітей дошкільного віку. Проблема соціальної компетентності дошкільнят – одна з найактуальніших. Розв’язання її, з одного боку, допоможе здійснити системний, цілісний підхід до розвитку дитини, з другого – співвіднести цей розвиток з життям. Сучасна система освіти та виховання намагається втілити гуманістичні ідеали виховання досконалої людини, вільної особистості, здатної жити і творчо діяти в умовах змінного соціуму. Виховання такої людини виступає на перший план. Загальні підходи до формування соціальної компетентності дитини визначаються принципами гуманізації виховання – олюдненні виховних стосунків, визнанні цінності дитини як особистості, її значущості в суспільстві, заснованої на усвідомленні своїх зв’язків з оточуючими людьми і в цілому – місця у людстві. Такий підхід відповідає загальній меті виховання – формуванню цілісної, гуманної особистості, орієнтованої на відтворення цінностей національної та загальнолюдської культури у творчій життєдіяльності, саморозвиток і моральну саморегуляцію поведінки. З огляду на це особливої значущості набуває проблема становлення соціальної компетентності старших дошкільників. Оскільки на сучасному етапі розвитку освіти мають місце суперечності між процесом формування соціально-активної особистості та умовами її соціалізації, то перш за все доцільно посилити увагу до підготовки майбутніх вихователів. Зосереджена увага автора на необхідності підготовки майбутніх вихователів до успішної реалізації процесу соціалізації особистості дошкільного віку. Розкрито компоненти готовності майбутніх вихователів до формування соціальної компетентності старших дошкільників, виокремлено педагогічні умови для покращення стану готовності майбутніх вихователів до формування соціальної компетентності старших дошкільників. Abstract. The article is devoted to the analysis of features social competence formation of the preschool age children. The problem of social competence of preschool children is one of the most topical. On the one hand, the solving of it will help to implement a systematic, holistic approach to child development, on the other - will help to correlate this development with life. The modern system of education and upbringing tries to embody the humanistic ideals of the education of a perfect person, a free personality, to be able to live and act creatively in a changing society. The upbringing of such a person is the main task. General approaches to the formation of social competence of the child are determined by the principles of humanization education - the humanization in education relations, the recognizing the value of the child as a person, its importance in society, based on awareness of their relationships with the other people and in general - its place in humanity. This approach corresponds to the general purpose of the education - the formation of a holistic, humane personality, who is focused on the reproduction of the values of the national and universal culture in the creative life, self-development and moral self-regulation of behavior. In this case, the problem of the social competence formation of the older preschoolers becomes especially important. As at the present stage of the development of the education there are the contradictions between the process of the formation of the socially active personality and the conditions of its socialization, so, first of all, it is necessary to pay more attention to the training of the future educators. The author payed more attention to the necessarity to prepare future educators for their successful implementation to the process of the preschool personality's socialization. The components of readiness of future educators for the formation of social competence of senior preschoolers are revealed, pedagogical conditions for improving the state of readiness of future educators for the formation of social competence of senior preschoolers are singled out. It was discloced the components of future educators readiness for the formation of the social competence in the senior preschoolers , it was separated the pedagogical conditions how to improve the readiness of future educators for the formation of social competence in senior preschoolers.


Author(s):  
Horea T. Ilies¸

One significant and common trait of a conjugate pair is the occurrence of geometric singularities in the contacting surfaces, which typically prevents the correct meshing of the two contacting parts. These singularities, which have been naturally linked to the concept of “undercutting” in a conjugate pair, are notoriously difficult to determine both formally and computationally. On the other hand, it is surprising that, although the concept of undercutting has been known for a long time, it has not yet been formally defined or studied except for some very specific applications. Consequently, general purpose algorithms for undercutting detection and quantification remain elusive. We argue that detecting points around a singularity appears to be significantly easier than detecting the singularity itself. Thus, we propose that undercutting be unambiguously defined in terms of points in the neighborhood of geometric singularities, which may lead to general computational algorithms to detect and quantify undercutting in a conjugate pair.


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