Formulation and Evaluation of Benzoyl Peroxide Injection

Objective: The present research has been undertaken for the formulation and evaluation of Benzoyl Peroxide Injection. It is used for Antiacne activity. Methods: Benzoyl peroxide is used as Antiacne. Methyl paraben, Propyl paraben and benzalkoniumchloride were used as preservatives. Water for injection is used as a vehicle. The following parameters were evaluated such as clarity test, leakage test, chearity test, assay and Sterility test. Results: The clearity test shows clear solution. Drug chearity test shows no chear in the vials. Leakage test shows no leakage in the vials. pH and drug content show the F1 batch was better the other batches. IR confirmed that all functional groups are same as benzoyl Peroxide. Conclusion: It was concluded that F1 batch is the good than the other batches. So F1 batch is good for the Parenteral use.

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Adding an expansive agent to increase the toughness of steel fibre reinforced concrete

HKIE Transactions ◽

10.33430/v26n4thie-2019-0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 197-208

Author(s):

Leo Gu Li ◽

Albert Kwok Hung Kwan

Keyword(s):

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Steel Fibre ◽

The Other ◽

Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽

Test Results ◽

Compressive Properties ◽

Shrinkage Cracking ◽

Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽

Expansive Agent ◽

Concrete Matrix

Previous research studies have indicated that using fibres to improve crack resistance and applying expansive agent (EA) to compensate shrinkage are both effective methods to mitigate shrinkage cracking of concrete, and the additions of both fibres and EA can enhance the other performance attributes of concrete. In this study, an EA was added to fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) to produce concrete mixes with various water/binder (W/B) ratios, steel fibre (SF) contents and EA contents for testing of their workability and compressive properties. The test results showed that adding EA would slightly increase the superplasticiser (SP) demand and decrease the compressive strength, Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio, but significantly improve the toughness and specific toughness of the steel FRC produced. Such improvement in toughness may be attributed to the pre-stress of the concrete matrix and the confinement effect of the SFs due to the expansion of the concrete and the restraint of the SFs against such expansion.

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Evaluating Presence/Absence of Target Microbes in Microbiological Tests

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoac/83.6.1429 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 83 (6) ◽

pp. 1429-1434

Author(s):

Robert J Blodgett ◽

Anthony D Hitchins

Keyword(s):

Performance Studies ◽

Collaborative Study ◽

False Negative ◽

The Other ◽

Test Results ◽

Logistic Curve ◽

Microbiological Method ◽

Test Portion ◽

Method Performance ◽

Data Set

Abstract A typical qualitative microbiological method performance (collaborative) study gathers a data set of responses about a test for the presence or absence of a target microbe. We developed 2 models that estimate false-positive and false-negative rates. One model assumes a constant probability that the tests will indicate the target microbe is present for any positive concentration in the test portion. The other model assumes that this probability follows a logistic curve. Test results from several method performance studies illustrate these estimates.

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Effect of Fly Ash on Compressive Strength, Drying Shrinkage, and Carbonation Depth of Mortar with Ferronickel-Slag Powder

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11031037 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 1037

Author(s):

Se-Jin Choi ◽

Ji-Hwan Kim ◽

Sung-Ho Bae ◽

Tae-Gue Oh

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Construction Industry ◽

Bituminous Coal ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Drying Shrinkage ◽

The Other ◽

Test Results ◽

Slag Powder ◽

Ferronickel Slag

In recent years, efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have continued worldwide. In the construction industry, a large amount of CO2 is generated during the production of Portland cement, and various studies are being conducted to reduce the amount of cement and enable the use of cement substitutes. Ferronickel slag is a by-product generated by melting materials such as nickel ore and bituminous coal, which are used as raw materials to produce ferronickel at high temperatures. In this study, we investigated the fluidity, microhydration heat, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, and carbonation characteristics of a ternary cement mortar including ferronickel-slag powder and fly ash. According to the test results, the microhydration heat of the FA20FN00 sample was slightly higher than that of the FA00FN20 sample. The 28-day compressive strength of the FA20FN00 mix was approximately 39.6 MPa, which was higher than that of the other samples, whereas the compressive strength of the FA05FN15 mix including 15% of ferronickel-slag powder was approximately 11.6% lower than that of the FA20FN00 mix. The drying shrinkage of the FA20FN00 sample without ferronickel-slag powder was the highest after 56 days, whereas the FA00FN20 sample without fly ash showed the lowest shrinkage compared to the other mixes.

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Simultaneous Determination of Preservatives (Methyl Paraben and Propyl Paraben) in Sucralfate Suspension Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2011/360431 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 340-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rajesh M. Kashid ◽

Santosh G. Singh ◽

Shrawan Singh

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Mobile Phase ◽

High Performance ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Hplc Method ◽

Reversed Phase Hplc ◽

Methyl Paraben ◽

Propyl Paraben

A reversed phase HPLC method that allows the separation and simultaneous determination of the preservatives methyl paraben (M.P.) and propyl paraben (P.P.) is described. The separations were effected by using an initial mobile phase of water: acetonitrile (50:50) on Inertsil C18 to elute P.P. and M.P. The detector wavelength was set at 205 nm. Under these conditions, separation of the two components was achieved in less than 10 min. Analytical characteristics of the separation such as precision, specificity, linear range and reproducibility were evaluated. The developed method was applied for the determination of preservative M.P. and P.P. at concentration of 0.01 mg/mL and 0.1 mg/mL respectively. The method was successfully used for determining both compounds in sucralfate suspension.

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Generation of an EDS Key Based on a Graphic Image of a Subject’s Face Using the RC4 Algorithm

Information ◽

10.3390/info12010019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Alexey Semenkov ◽

Dmitry Bragin ◽

Yakov Usoltsev ◽

Anton Konev ◽

Evgeny Kostuchenko

Keyword(s):

Image Recognition ◽

Random Number ◽

Statistical Test ◽

The Other ◽

Test Results ◽

Random Generation ◽

Facial Image ◽

Random Number Generators ◽

Graphic Image ◽

High Level

Modern facial recognition algorithms make it possible to identify system users by their appearance with a high level of accuracy. In such cases, an image of the user’s face is converted to parameters that later are used in a recognition process. On the other hand, the obtained parameters can be used as data for pseudo-random number generators. However, the closeness of the sequence generated by such a generator to a truly random one is questionable. This paper proposes a system which is able to authenticate users by their face, and generate pseudo-random values based on the facial image that will later serve to generate an encryption key. The generator of a random value was tested with the NIST Statistical Test Suite. The subsystem of image recognition was also tested under various conditions of taking the image. The test results of the random value generator show a satisfactory level of randomness, i.e., an average of 0.47 random generation (NIST test), with 95% accuracy of the system as a whole.

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Standardization of a method to study angiogenesis in a mouse model

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/0001-3765201378011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 1483-1487

Author(s):

DAVID FEDER ◽

FABIO F. PERRAZO ◽

EDIMAR C. PEREIRA ◽

SILVANA FORSAIT ◽

CECILIA K.R. FEDER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Animal Models ◽

The Other ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Specific Method ◽

Test Results ◽

Hemoglobin Content ◽

Physiological Conditions ◽

Adult Organism

In the adult organism, angiogenesis is restricted to a few physiological conditions. On the other hand, uncontrolled angiogenesis have often been associated to angiogenesis-dependent pathologies. A variety of animal models have been described to provide more quantitative analysis of in vivo angiogenesis and to characterize pro- and antiangiogenic molecules. However, it is still necessary to establish a quantitative, reproducible and specific method for studies of angiogenesis factors and inhibitors. This work aimed to standardize a method for the study of angiogenesis and to investigate the effects of thalidomide on angiogenesis. Sponges of 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 cm were implanted in the back of mice groups, control and experimental (thalidomide 200 mg/K/day by gavage). After seven days, the sponges were removed. The dosage of hemoglobin in sponge and in circulation was performed and the ratio between the values was tested using nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Results have shown that sponge-induced angiogenesis quantitated by ratio between hemoglobin content in serum and in sponge is a helpful model for in vivo studies on angiogenesis. Moreover, it was observed that sponge-induced angiogenesis can be suppressed by thalidomide, corroborating to the validity of the standardized method.

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Application of a Multifunctional Additive in Cosmetic Preparations for Safe Preservation

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.7.7355 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (7) ◽

pp. 2429-2433

Author(s):

Anca Maria Juncan ◽

Luca Liviu Rus ◽

Veronica Isabela Craciun ◽

Andreea Loredana Vonica Tincu ◽

Claudiu Morgovan

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Multifunctional Additive ◽

Methyl Paraben ◽

Propyl Paraben ◽

Proven Efficacy ◽

Cosmetic Formulation ◽

The Comparative Study ◽

S Application ◽

Selection Of

The aim of this study is represented by the description and the selection of an alternative preservative complex, it�s application in the development and formulation of a moisturizer and the comparative study of the efficacy of the cosmetic formulation, versus a traditional preserved cosmetic cream. For an adecvate preservation of the moisturizing cream there was used comparatively, the alternative preservation system Dermosoft LP (Caprylyl Glycol, Glycerin, Glyceryl Caprylic, Phenylpropanol), and the traditional preservative Salinip (Phenoxyethanol, Methyl Paraben, Propyl Paraben, Ethyl Paraben, Butyl Paraben, Isobutyl Paraben). Dermosoft LP has comparable effects to traditional preservatives, and proven efficacy by microbiological Challenge test.

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Interpretation of 25-OH-D3, NEFA, and calcium correlations among cow and calf pairs

Medycyna Weterynaryjna ◽

10.21521/mw.6511 ◽

2025 ◽

Vol 77 (04) ◽

pp. 6511-2025

Author(s):

SONGUL ERDOGAN ◽

KEREM URAL ◽

HASAN ERDOGAN ◽

DENIZ ALIC URAL ◽

MEHMET GULTEKIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Balance ◽

Vitamin D3 ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Negative Energy ◽

The Other ◽

Negative Energy Balance ◽

Test Results ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Other Hand ◽

Cow Calf

In the present study, the aim was to determine alteration of NEFA, calcium and vitamin D3 levels in cow and calf pairs at parturition as well as correlation between each parameter levels. For this purpose, a cow-side device employing the enzymatic colorimetric method was used for measurement of NEFA and calcium levels. On the other hand, serum 25(OH)D3 analysis was performed using the fluorescence immunochromatographic method at the laboratory in the Faculty. Blood samples were taken from Vena jugularis of 15 Simmental cow and calf pairs immediately after parturition and placed in serum and heparinized tubes. In cow and calf pairs, concentration of vitamin D3 (15.6-120 and 31.8-120 ng/mL, respectively), NEFA (0.12-1.2 and 0.09-0.8 mmol/L, respectively) and calcium (1.8 ± 0.9 and 2.2 ± 0.6 mmol/L, respectively) were determined. There was no significant correlation between NEFA, Ca, and vitamin D3 in cows and calf pairs. Taking into account several co-factors that influenced test results, which could not easily be excluded, further studies may be warranted with larger cow-calf pair populations. In conclusion, vitamin D3 concentration in calves is not affected by the negative energy balance of dams in the parturition period.

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Determination of Preservatives in Fruit Juice Products Available in Bangladesh by a Validated RP HPLC Method

Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujps.v18i2.43262 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 195-208

Author(s):

Md Samiul Islam ◽

Nisat Zahan ◽

Md Shahadat Hossain ◽

Abu Shara Shamsur Rouf

Keyword(s):

Benzoic Acid ◽

Fruit Juice ◽

Sorbic Acid ◽

Hplc Method ◽

Fruit Juices ◽

Expert Committee ◽

Methyl Paraben ◽

Propyl Paraben ◽

Rp Hplc ◽

Acid Methyl

The aim of this study was to investigate whether fruit juices available in markets of Bangladesh contain any preservative. A specific RP-HPLC method was developed, validated and applied to identify and quantify preservatives including benzoic acid, sorbic acid, methyl paraben and propyl paraben simultaneously in 50 different products. These additives were separated by C18 column in mobile phase composed of methanol and acetate buffer (pH 4.4) in the ratio of 50:50 with a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min, and detected at 254 nm. Linearities for benzoic acid, sorbic acid, methyl paraben and propyl paraben were determined in the range of 20-170 ppm (r2 0.997), 12-42 ppm (r2 0.994), 10-60 ppm (r2 0.993) and 10-60 ppm (r2 0.992) respectively. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 5.46 ppm and 16.5 ppm for benzoic acid while for sorbic acid they were 1.08 ppm and 3.30 ppm, respectively. Benzoic acid was detected in a range of 96.1 to 441 ppm in 9 fruit juices while in 7 fruit juices sorbic acid was found in a range of 105 - 444 ppm. The values were within the maximum allowable ranges for fruit juice (1000 ppm for both benzoic acid and sorbic acid) as suggested by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). None of the juice product was found to contain methyl paraben or propyl paraben Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(2): 195-208, 2019 (December)

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Assessing temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton composition in a large reservoir in the Brazilian northeastern region under intense drought conditions

Journal of Limnology ◽

10.4081/jlimnol.2017.1698 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hortência De Souza Barroso ◽

Janaina A. Santos ◽

Rozane V. Marins ◽

Luiz Drude Lacerda

Keyword(s):

Functional Groups ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Temporal Dynamics ◽

The Other ◽

Water Transparency ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Phytoplankton Composition ◽

Large Reservoir ◽

Reservoir Volume ◽

Total Phytoplankton

The present study was carried out in Castanhão Reservoir, a large aquatic system in the Brazilian semi-arid region that serves multiples uses as water drinking supply and intensive fish-cage aquaculture site. In order to understand the effects of environmental conditions on the spatial and temporal variability of the phytoplankton functional groups (FG) and the main ‘characterizing taxa’, sub-superficial water samples were collected from March 2012 to August 2013, a period distinguished by the continuous drop in reservoir volume due to rainfall shortage. Eighteen functional groups and 102 total phytoplankton taxa were found in the Castanhão reservoir during the study. No significant differences were observed relative to spatial variation of total phytoplankton composition throughout the reservoir (PERMANOVA, P>0.05). On the other hand, according to cluster analysis results, three temporal phases have been identified (Similarity Profile, P<0.05), based on 102 phytoplankton taxa. The ‘characterizing taxa’ was found using the Similarity Percentage procedure (cut-off 90%), being thus defined as those taxa that contributed the most to the similarity within each temporal phase. Nineteen ‘characterizing taxa’ described the Castanhão reservoir, with predominance of those typical of mixing and turbidity conditions. Cyanobacteria dominated through the three temporal phases. According to the redundancy analysis, nutrient availability and water transparency were found to influence the phytoplankton temporal dynamics. The phase I (rainy season) was most represented by Planktolyngbya minor/Pl. limnetica (FG = S1), which reached best performance under strongly decreased phosphate-P concentrations and low water transparency. In phase II (dry season), Romeria victoriae (FG = ?) outcompeted other cyanobacteria probably due the increase in water transparency and decrease in ammonium-N. Finally, in phase III (rainy season) the decrease of water transparency triggered a recovery of shade-adapted cyanobacteria, but at this time mostly represented by Pseudanabaena limnetica (FG = S1). Phase III was also distinctive from the other ones by the highest Nitrate-N and phosphate-P concentrations related to thermocline disruption, which favored an increase in total phytoplankton biomass recorded by the augment of green algae density (FGs = X1, J and F). We concluded that the temporal dynamics of phytoplankton composition was associated to environmental changes in Castanhão Reservoir from 2012 to 2013, which were driven by seasonal climate variation from region (rainy/dry seasons), as well as, by the reduction in reservoir volume that resulted in the disruption of the thermocline, water mixing and an increase in inorganic P and N.

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