scholarly journals STUDY OF SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND RELATED ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA IN PERSONS TRAINING FOR MARINE PROFESSIONALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 8585-8588
Author(s):  
Dimitar Stavrev ◽  
◽  
Piareta Nikolova ◽  
Dobrinka Doncheva ◽  
Velislava Raynova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Naval Academy ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Water Rescue

The normal functioning of the respiratory system is a leading factor, both for the survival of people caught in an aquatic environment in a marine casualty and for the effectiveness of the assistance activities. In view of this, in 2020 a team of researchers from Varna Medical University, the Naval Academy Varna and the Bulgarian Red Cross set out to study some physiological respiratory parameters and related anthropometric data of 51 individuals, 41 men and 10 women aged between 17 and 48 years of age. The subjects were divided into two groups: 1) trainees in the water rescue courses conducted at BRC-Varna and 2) 1st - year students of the Naval Academy. All participants in the study are non-smokers. The examination of the respiratory indicators is performed according to a standardized methodology with the same spirometer, which is able to measure and register over 30 indicators. Of these, three were analyzed in the present study: forced expiratory volume for 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and their FEV1/FVC percentage (Tiffeneau index). The results show that, according to anthropometric data, FVC and FEV1 are higher in water rescue trainees than in Naval Academy cadets. The Tiffeneau index is higher than the reference values ​​of the participants in both study groups, but the results are better in the group of naval cadets. As far as the functional capabilities of the respiratory system are essential for the activity of marine professionals, it can be assumed that the high results obtained from the spirometric examination of the participants from both groups are a prerequisite for higher efficiency of rescue operations and improvement of their personal safety. when working in a marine environment. The prospect is that after collecting a statistically significant amount of data combined with results obtained from other types of functional tests, to create better safety practices for people who are professionally engaged in maritime activities. As far as the functional capabilities of the respiratory system are essential for the activity of marine professionals, it can be assumed that the high results of the spirometric study in all study participants are a prerequisite for improving both their personal safety when working in the marine environment and for higher efficiency and success of rescue operations. The perspective is, after collecting a statistically significant volume of data and in combination with other functional studies, to create good practices to improve the safety systems of people in contact with the marine environment .

scholarly journals Triple therapy for COPD: a crude analysis from a systematic review of the evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175346661988552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Lopez-Campos ◽  
Laura Carrasco-Hernandez ◽  
Esther Quintana-Gallego ◽  
Carmen Calero-Acuña ◽  
Eduardo Márquez-Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triple Therapy ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
St George's Respiratory Questionnaire ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Crude Analysis

We systematically reviewed the current knowledge on fixed-dose triple therapies for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with a specific focus on its efficacy versus single bronchodilation, double fixed dose combinations, and open triple therapies. Articles were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Scopus up to 3 August 2018. We selected articles with randomized controlled or crossover design conducted in patients with COPD and published as full-length articles or scientific letters, evaluating triple therapy combinations in a single or different inhaler, and with efficacy data versus monocomponents, double combinations, or open triple therapies. Our systematic search reported 108 articles, of which 24 trials were finally selected for the analysis. A total of 7 studies with fixed dose triple therapy combinations, and 17 studies with open triple therapies combinations. Triple therapy showed improvements in lung function [trough forced expiratory volume (FEV1) ranging from not significant (NS) to 147 ml], health status using the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire [(SGRQ) from NS to 8.8 points], and exacerbations [risk ratio (RR) from NS to 0.59 for all exacerbations] versus single or double therapies with a variability in the response, depending the specific combination, and the comparison group. The proportion of adverse effects was similar between study groups, the exception being the increase in pneumonia for some inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) containing groups. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplementary material section.

scholarly journals Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer: unraveling the genetic maze

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. R577-R595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Peiling Yang ◽  
Joanne Ngeow
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Werner Syndrome ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cowden Syndrome ◽  
Susceptibility Genes ◽  
Carney Complex ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Chromosomal Loci

Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) constitutes 3–9% of all thyroid cancers. Out of all FNMTC cases, only 5% in the syndromic form has well-studied driver germline mutations. These associated syndromes include Cowden syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis, Gardner syndrome, Carney complex type 1, Werner syndrome and DICER1 syndrome. It is important for the clinician to recognize these phenotypes so that genetic counseling and testing can be initiated to enable surveillance for associated malignancies and genetic testing of family members. The susceptibility chromosomal loci and genes of 95% of FNMTC cases remain to be characterized. To date, 4 susceptibility genes have been identified (SRGAP1 gene (12q14), TITF-1/NKX2.1 gene (14q13), FOXE1 gene (9q22.33) and HABP2 gene (10q25.3)), out of which only the FOXE1 and the HABP2 genes have been validated by separate study groups. The causal genes located at the other 7 FNMTC-associated chromosomal loci (TCO (19q13.2), fPTC/ PRN (1q21), FTEN (8p23.1-p22), NMTC1 (2q21), MNG1 (14q32), 6q22, 8q24) have yet to be identified. Increasingly, gene regulatory mechanisms (miRNA and enhancer elements) are recognized to affect gene expression and FNMTC tumorigenesis. With newer sequencing technique, along with functional studies, there has been progress in the understanding of the genetic basis of FNMTC. In our review, we summarize the FNMTC studies to date and provide an update on the recently reported susceptibility genes including novel germline SEC23B variant in Cowden syndrome, SRGAP1 gene, FOXE1 gene and HABP2 genes in non-syndromic FNMTC.

scholarly journals The Effect of Swimming Activity on Lung Function Parameters Among Smoking and Non-Smoking Youth – Research Extended

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Michalak ◽  
Agnieszka Pawlicka-Lisowska ◽  
Elżbieta Poziomska-Piątkowska
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Swimming Activity ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Cohb Level ◽  
Youth Research ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Function Testing ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractPurpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of regular swimming activity on the respiratory system of smokers and non-smokers. Methods. The study included 196 students, aged 19 to 24 years, attending weekly swimming classes. All students underwent pulmonary function testing before and after participating in a swimming program for 10 months. Measurements included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure at the mouth (PImax, PEmax) and the percentage carboxyhemoglobin level in blood (%CoHb) were also measured. Results. After 10 months of regular swimming activity the values of FVC, PEF, MIP and MEP increased in the non-smoking as well as in the smoking group, while the FEV1 increased only among smokers. The percentage of CoHB level in the blood decreased in both groups. Conclusions. The study confirmed the positive effect of swimming on respiratory system function and the importance of promoting physical activity such as swimming among cigarette smokers as well as non-smokers.

scholarly journals Reactance and elastance as measures of small airways response to bronchodilator in asthma

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 1772-1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Bhatawadekar ◽  
D. Leary ◽  
V. de Lange ◽  
U. Peters ◽  
S. Fulton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Bronchodilator Response ◽  
Airway Function

Bronchodilation alters both respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs) in asthma, but how changes in Rrs and Xrs compare, and respond differently in health and asthma, in reflecting the contributions from the large and small airways has not been assessed. We assessed reversibility using spirometry and oscillometry in healthy and asthma subjects. Using a multibranch airway-tree model with the mechanics of upper airway shunt, we compared the effects of airway dilation and small airways recruitment to explain the changes in Rrs and Xrs. Bronchodilator decreased Rrs by 23.0 (19.0)% in 18 asthma subjects and by 13.5 (19.5)% in 18 healthy subjects. Estimated respiratory system elastance (Ers) decreased by 23.2 (21.4)% in asthma, with no significant decrease in healthy subjects. With the use of the model, airway recruitment of 15% across a generation of the small airways could explain the changes in Ers in asthma with no recruitment in healthy subjects. In asthma, recruitment accounted for 40% of the changes in Rrs, with the remaining explained by airway dilation of 6.8% attributable largely to the central airways. Interestingly, the same dilation magnitude explained the changes in Rrs in healthy subjects. Shunt only affected Rrs of the model. Ers was unaltered in health and unaffected by shunt in both groups. In asthma, Ers changed comparably to Rrs and could be attributed to small airways, while the change in Rrs was split between large and small airways. This implies that in asthma Ers sensed through Xrs may be a more effective measure of small airways obstruction and recruitment than Rrs. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to quantify to relative contributions of small and large airways to bronchodilator response in healthy subjects and patients with asthma. The response of the central airways to bronchodilator was similar in magnitude in both study groups, whereas the response of the small airways was significant among patients with asthma. These results suggest that low-frequency reactance and derived elastance are both sensitive measures of small airway function in asthma.

scholarly journals Criterion score of the physical and psychophysiological condition of students in the context of determining their individual adaptability to physical loads

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
R. S. Yagotin ◽  
T. V. Degtyarenko ◽  
A. I. Bosenko ◽  
V. I. Plisko ◽  
B. T. Dolinsky
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Education Material ◽  
Criterion Score ◽  
Skills Testing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Education Of Students

Purpose: to suggest and to evaluate the criterion score of the physical and psychophysiological condition of students. The basis of the score is the individual-directed pedagogical control at physical education. Material and methods: the study involved students (n = 75, age - 17-19 years). The physical condition was determined by applying anthropometry and motor skills testing. The psychophysiological condition was studied according to objective parameters of psychomotor qualities and functional capabilities of the cardio-respiratory system. Results: It was realized the criterion score of the individual degree of students’ adaptability to physical loads. It was determined the most significant interrelation between the indicators of motor qualities and psychomotor parameters of students. It was revealed the approaches of realization the complex individual-directed pedagogical control in the physical education of students. Conclusions: criteria of physical and psychophysiological capabilities of students are recommended for determining their adaptability to physical loads.

scholarly journals Fvc, Fev1 and Fev1/Fvc % in Female SLE Patients and Their Relationship with Duration of the Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Dilroze Hussain ◽  
Shelina Begum ◽  
Taskina Ali ◽  
Mohammed Nesar Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Refat Farzana
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Female Subjects

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder which affects multiple organs of human including lungs. To assess FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC % in SLE patients and to correlate them with the duration of the disease. This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, BSMMU, Dhaka, from January 2010 to December 2010. A total number of 120 female subjects were selected, among which 30 were age and BMI matched apparently healthy subjects for comparison (control) and 90 were patients of SLE ( study group) . Ages of all the patients were ranged from 20 to 50 years and they were matched in terms of age, sex and BMI. Based on the duration of the disease, patients were subdivided into B1 (1-6 months), B2 (2-5 years) and B3 (6-10 years). Controls were selected from the community and the patients from the Out Patient Department (OPD) of SLE clinic, Department of Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka. Lung function were assessed by measuring Forced vital capacity (FVC), Forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1), Forced expiratory ratio (FEV1/FVC%) with a Digital MicroDL spirometer. For statistical analysis Independent Sample ‘t’ test, One way ANOVA test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test were performed as applicable. The mean percentage of predicted values of lung function parameters in healthy female subjects were within normal ranges. The mean percentage of predicted values of FVC, FEV1 were significantly lower in all study groups when compared to control. Again, the mean percentage of predicted values of FVC, FEV1 significantly lower in the patients of Group B3 compared to Group B2 except FVC which were non significantly lower. Moreover, these comparisons were significantly lower when compared to Group B1. The differences of the mean percentage of predicted values of FVC, FEV1 were significantly lower in Group B2 when compare to Group B1. In addition, FVC and FEV1 were positively correlated in B2 and B3 when correlated with duration of SLE. All these values were statistically non significant. In addition The mean percentage of predicted values of FEV1/ FVC% were almost similar and the differences among the groups were statistically non-significant. Pulmonary function decrease in SLE female and the reduction is inconsistently associated with duration of the disease. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v26i1.21307 Medicine Today 2014 Vol.26(1): 22-27

Biologische Daten Für den Kinderarzt

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 803-803
Author(s):  
SAMUL J. FOMON
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
German Language ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Comprehensive Compilation ◽  
Extensive Bibliography

This excellent and comprehensive compilation of biologic data concerning the pediatricage period is without counterpart in the English language. Translation would be most desirable, but the numerous tables and graphs and the extensive bibliography will be useful even to those unfamiliar with the German language. The first volume includes anthropometric data relating to fetal and post-fetal growth; the skeletal system; hematologic, chemical and immunologic considerations of the blood; the circulation; the respiratory system; nutrition, including foods and accessory foodstuffs; digestion and intestinal bacteria.

Quasilobar minimalist lung volume reduction surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenio Pompeo ◽  
Ahmed Elkhouly ◽  
Paola Rogliani ◽  
Mario Dauri ◽  
Michael Peer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Volume ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Volume Reduction ◽  
Perioperative Outcomes ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Lung Volume Reduction ◽  
Thoracic Epidural

Abstract OBJECTIVES Our goal was to assess the results and the costs of the quasilobar minimalist (QLM) thoracoscopic lung volume reduction (LVR) surgical method developed to minimize the trauma from the operation and the anaesthesia and to maximize the effect of the lobar volume reduction. METHODS Forty patients with severe emphysema underwent QLM-LVR that entailed adoption of sole intercostal block analgesia and lobar plication through a single thoracoscopic incision. Results were compared after propensity matching with 2 control groups undergoing non-awake resectional LVR with double-lumen tracheal intubation or awake non-resectional LVR by plication with thoracic epidural anaesthesia. As a result, we had 3 matched groups of 30 patients each. RESULTS Baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s, residual volume, the 6-min walking test and the modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea index were 0.77 ± 0.18, 4.97 ± 0.6, 328 ± 65 and 3.3 ± 0.7, respectively, with no intergroup difference after propensity score matching. The visual pain score was better (P < 0.007), the hospital stay was shorter (P < 0.04) and overall costs were lower (P < 0.04) in the QLM-LVR group than in the control groups. The morbidity rate was lower with QLM-LVR than with non-awake resectional-LVR (P = 0.006). Significant improvements (P < 0.001) occurred in all study groups during the follow-up period. At 24 months, improvements in residual volume and dyspnoea index were significantly better with QLM-LVR (P < 0.04). CONCLUSIONS QLM-LVR proved safe and showed better perioperative outcomes and lower procedure-related costs than the control groups. Similar clinical benefit occurred at 12 months, but absolute improvements in residual volume and dyspnoea index were better in the QLM-LVR group at 24 months.

scholarly journals Study of Forced Expiratory Volume in First Second (FEV1) and Ratio of Forced Expiratory Volume in First Second and Forced Vital Capacity in Percentage (FEV1/FVC%) in Pregnant Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipok Kumar Sunyal ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
Ayesha Yasmin ◽  
Golam Morshed Molla ◽  
Md Liakat Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
P Value ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Mean

Background: A few data are available on the effects of pregnancy on pulmonary function in different countries. But no such established data are available in our country. So we designed this study in our population. Objectives: To observe the forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) and ratio of forced expiratory volume in first second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%) in different trimesters of normal pregnant women and to compare them with those of healthy non-pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This observational and analytical study was carried out in the department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College during July 2004 to June 2005. Total 100 women aged from 25 to 35 years without any recent history of respiratory tract diseases were selected as study population. Among them, 75 normal pregnant women were taken as experimental and 25 healthy non-pregnant women were taken as control groups. The experimental group included 25 pregnant women in first trimester, 25 in second trimester and 25 in third trimester. Forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), ratio of percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%) were measured in pregnant and non-pregnant control women. The FEV1 and FEV1/FVC% were measured by using an ‘automatic spirometer’. Statistical analyses were done by unpaired Student’s ‘t’ test between the study groups and p value <0.05 was taken as significant.Results: The mean ± SD of measured values of FEV1 were 2.41 ± 0.87, 2.28 ± 0.59, 2.15 ± 0.74 and 1.89 ± 0.76 liters in non-pregnant women and in pregnant women during first trimester, second trimester and third trimester. The mean ± SD of measured values of FEV1/FVC% were 75.22 ± 16.77, 74.86 ± 11.06, 74.42 ± 17.43 and 71.81 ± 15.87% in nonpregnant women and in pregnant women during first trimester, second trimester and third trimester. Conclusion: The FEV1 and FEV1/FVC% were significantly lower in third trimester pregnant women than that of non-pregnant and first trimester of pregnant women and FEV1/FVC% gradually decreased from first to third trimester of pregnant women. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v2i1.11926 J Enam Med Col 2012; 2(1): 29-32

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