Nutrient and Exo-Enzyme Dynamics in Organically Amended Iron Mine Spoil

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Samrudhi Nayak ◽  
S.P Mishra ◽  
C.S.K Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Mine Spoil ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Enzyme Dynamics ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Iron Mine

The aim of this study is to restore the nutrient status of iron ore mine spoil through suitable organic interventions. This paper reports the effects of different organic manure and bio-fertilizer amendments with inoculation of the earthworm Eisenia fetida in iron mine spoil on certain chemical parameters, microbial load and soil exoenzyme activities. The mine spoil samples were collected at random from five years old spoil dump and amended with farmyard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM) and vermimanure (VM) along with biofertilizer in different combinations. The pH, conductivity, % organic carbon, N, P, K, bacterial and fungal population with activities of soil exoenzymes amylase, cellulase and invertase were studied in organically amended mine spoil. Significant variations (p<0.05) in the chemical and biological parameters were observed between treatments and days of incubation. Higher values were obtained with PM followed by FYM and VM. Earthworm inoculation enhanced the values of all the chemical parameters except % organic carbon. Bacterial population and exoenzyme activities increased significantly (p<0.05) with earthworm. PM with biofertilizer was found to be the most suitable combination followed by FYM. Inoculation of Eisenia fetida could facilitate mineralization of organics resulting in higher nutrient availability, higher microbial load and exoenzyme activities required to facilitate spoil reclamation.

scholarly journals PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF ORGANIC MANURE, SOIL AND IMPACT OF ORGANIC MANURE AND NPK FERTILIZER ON SEED GERMINATION OF SOYBEAN AND WHEAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 118-130
Author(s):  
Muzafer Ahmad Sheikh ◽  
Pinky Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

In order to investigate the comparative analysis of physico-chemical parameters of experimental soil (black cotton soil), vermicompost, farmyard manure and their impact on seed germination, the study was conducted by using Randomized block design (RBD) with three replications at the Department of Botany Govt. Madhav Science P.G. College Ujjain, M.P. The various physico-chemical parameters (pH, electric conductivity, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, copper, iron, and manganese) and seed germination of soybean and wheat were studied in the experiment. The results revealed that pH (7.14), electric conductivity (1.84 ds/m), organic carbon (198.53 g/kg), nitrogen (246.57 kg/ha), phosphorus (55.24 kg/ha), potassium (438.52 kg/ha), zinc (320.13 ppm), copper (289.34 ppm), iron (239.34 ppm) and manganese (248.37 ppm) were found more efficient in vermicompost followed by farmyard manure and soil. The results also revealed that seed germination percentage of soybean was found highest (91%) by using 20% vermicompost followed by 20% farmyard manure (86%), 200 gm NPK (73%) treatment, control (69%) and seed germination in wheat was maximum (93%) in 20% vermicompost treatment followed by 20% farmyard manure (87%), 200 gm NPK (74%) and minimum (70%) in control. The study concluded that vermicompost is nutrient rich and most efficient organic manure than farmyard manure and NPK fertilizer for the better growth and sustainable agriculture of soybean.

scholarly journals Nutrient Use Efficiency as a Strong Indicator of Nutritional Security and Builders of Soil Nutrient Status through Integrated Nutrient Management Technology in a Rice-Wheat System in Northwestern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4551
Author(s):  
Mehakpreet Kaur Randhawa ◽  
Salwinder Singh Dhaliwal ◽  
Vivek Sharma ◽  
Amardeep Singh Toor ◽  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Soil Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nutrient use efficiency is reported as a strong indicator of the buildup soil nutrient status for nutritional security of crops through an integrated nutrient management approach under a rice-wheat system. The data revealed that integrated application of manures and fertilizers reported maximum organic carbon (0.39%) in the treatment receiving 100% of the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) + farmyard manure and lowering the pH to 6.39. The maximum available N (360.8 kg ha−1) was found in 100% RDF + press mud treatment; available P (66.30 kg ha−1) was found in 75% RDF + poultry manure; and available K, Zn, Cu, and Fe (226.3 kg ha−1 and 2.220, 0.732, and 36.87 mg kg−1, respectively) in 100% RDF + farmyard manure treatments. Similarly, total macro- and micronutrient content in soil increased with the addition of organic manures alone or in combination with chemical fertilizers. The highest agronomic efficiency and utilization efficiency of nitrogen (41.83 and 102.55 kg kg−1, respectively) and phosphorous (83.57 and 204.9 kg kg−1, respectively) were recorded in the treatment receiving 75% RDF + poultry manure. This study concluded that the integrated application of manures and chemical fertilizers is a must for improving soil nutrient status and nutrient use efficiency and ultimately enhances nutritional security under a rice-wheat system.

scholarly journals Changes in soil fertility status of maize-wheat system due to long-term use of chemical fertilizers and amendments in an alfisol

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 529-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Verma ◽  
R.P. Sharma ◽  
S.P. Sharma ◽  
S.K. Subehia ◽  
S. Shambhavi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Western Himalayas ◽  
Available N ◽  
The Status ◽  
Soil Fertility Status

The present study was undertaken to quantify changes in the status of soil nutrients, their depletion and build-up after continuous long intensive cropping for last 36 years in a permanent manorial trial which has been in progress since 1972 in an alfisol of western Himalayas. The rotation was maize-wheat which included various combinations of N, P, K, Zn and FYM (farmyard manure). Continuous cultivation influenced pH, OC (organic carbon), available N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus) and K (potassium). An increase in the status of organic carbon was observed in 100% NPK + FYM treatments for more than three decades from initial value of 7.9 to 12.0 g/kg. The use of either FYM or lime alongwith 100% NPK sustained crop productivity or improved nutrient status. However, imbalanced use of nutrients i.e. NP or N alone is adversely affecting the fertility of soil by aggravating the problem of soil acidity. Application of S free P fertilizer DAP (diammonium phosphate) drastically reduced the yield of both the crops. Thus, continuous use of balanced fertilizers is necessary for sustaining soil fertility and productivity of crops. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Evaluation of biomass and certain biochemical parameters of earthworm Drawida willsi in response to organic amendments of iron mine spoil

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
S. Nayak ◽  
◽  
C.S.K. Mishra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Mine Spoil ◽  
Tissue Protein ◽  
Iron Mine

Aim: To evaluate the changes in the tissue protein, lipid peroxidation (LPX) levels, catalase (CAT) activity and biomass of earthworm, Drawida willsi in response to different organic amendments of iron mine spoil. Methodology: Farmyard manure, poultry manure, vermimanure and bio-fertilizer in various combinations were amended with the mine spoil prior to inoculation of the earthworm. Tissue protein, lipid peroxidation levels and catalase activity of the earthworm were measured over an incubation period of 42 days at an interval of 7 days. The percent change in biomass of the earthworm over the experimental period was assessed. Results: Significant variation in the biochemical parameters and biomass of the earthworm were observed in response to amendments. The highest tissue protein (151.6 mg g-1 tissue) was observed in spoil amended with VM and BF. The maximum lipid peroxidation level (0.11nmol mg-1 protein) and catalase activity (0.59 nkat mol-1 protein) were recorded in control. The highest (0.476 g) biomass was observed in spoil with vermimanure and biofertilizer. Interpretation: The results of this study proved that vermimanure with biofertilizer is the most suitable combination for amendment of iron mine spoil with least physiological stress on the earthworms. Key words: Biomass, Drawida willsi, Iron mine spoil, Organic amendments

Long-term effects of fertilisers and organic sources on soil organic carbon fractions under a rice–wheat system in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of north-west India

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Das ◽  
B. S. Dwivedi ◽  
V. K. Singh ◽  
S. P. Datta ◽  
M. C. Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Labile C ◽  
Labile C Fractions

Decline in soil organic carbon (SOC) content is considered a key constraint for sustenance of rice–wheat system (RWS) productivity in the Indo-Gangetic Plain region. We, therefore, studied the effects of fertilisers and manures on SOC pools, and their relationships with crop yields after 18 years of continuous RWS. Total organic C increased significantly with the integrated use of fertilisers and organic sources (from 13 to 16.03gkg–1) compared with unfertilised control (11.5gkg–1) or sole fertiliser (NPKZn; 12.17gkg–1) treatment at 0–7.5cm soil depth. Averaged across soil depths, labile fractions like microbial biomass C (MBC) and permanganate-oxidisable C (PmOC) were generally higher in treatments that received farmyard manure (FYM), sulfitation pressmud (SPM) or green gram residue (GR) along with NPK fertiliser, ranging from 192 to 276mgkg–1 and from 0.60 to 0.75gkg–1 respectively compared with NPKZn and NPK+cereal residue (CR) treatments, in which MBC and PmOC ranged from 118 to 170mgkg–1 and from 0.43 to 0.57gkg–1 respectively. Oxidisable organic C fractions revealed that very labile C and labile C fractions were much larger in the NPK+FYM or NPK+GR+FYM treatments, whereas the less-labile C and non-labile C fractions were larger under control and NPK+CR treatments. On average, Walkley–Black C, PmOC and MBC contributed 29–46%, 4.7–6.6% and 1.16–2.40% towards TOC respectively. Integrated plant nutrient supply options, except NPK+CR, also produced sustainable high yields of RWS.

scholarly journals Integrated Nutrient Management for Rice Yield, Soil Fertility, and Carbon Sequestration

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Tahmina Akter Urmi ◽  
Md. Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Md. Moshiul Islam ◽  
Md. Ariful Islam ◽  
Nilufar Akhtar Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

Reliance on inorganic fertilizers with less or no use of organic fertilizers has impaired the productivity of soils worldwide. Therefore, the present study was conducted to quantify the effects of integrated nutrient management on rice yield, nutrient use efficiency, soil fertility, and carbon (C) sequestration in cultivated land. The experiment was designed with seven treatments comprising of a zero input control, recommended inorganic fertilizers (RD), poultry manure (PM) (5 t ha−1) + 50% RD, PM (2.5 t ha−1) + 75% RD, vermicompost (VC) (5 t ha−1) + 50% RD, VC (2.5 t ha−1) + 75% RD, and farmers’ practice (FP) with three replications that were laid out in a randomized complete block design. The highest grain yield (6.16–6.27 t ha−1) was attained when VC and PM were applied at the rate of 2.5 t ha−1 along with 75% RD. Uptake of nutrients and their subsequent use efficiencies appeared higher and satisfactory from the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The addition of organic fertilizer significantly influenced the organic carbon, total carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, soil pH, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, and magnesium contents in post-harvest soil, which indicated enhancement of soil fertility. The maximum value of the organic carbon stock (18.70 t ha−1), total carbon stock (20.81 t ha−1), and organic carbon sequestration (1.75 t ha−1) was observed in poultry manure at the rate of 5 t ha−1 with 50% RD. The soil bulk density decreased slightly more than that of the control, which indicated the improvement of the physical properties of soil using organic manures. Therefore, regular nourishment of soil with organic and inorganic fertilizers might help rejuvenate the soils and ensure agricultural sustainability.

scholarly journals Nutrients Status in Arabica Coffee (Coffea Arabica L) Soils of Non-Traditional Area (NTA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
S. A. Nadaf ◽  
A. R. Bora
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Phosphorous Content ◽  
Traditional Area

Coffee growing areas in Andhra Pradesh and Orissa (non-traditional area - NTA) are characterized by undulating topography with terraced slopes having narrow valleys with scattered coffee farms across the elevation of the Eastern Ghats of Vishakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh) and Koraput (Orissa) districts. Under this situation plant available nutrients will become non-available and the nutrients are stored in several pools as inorganic and organic forms in soil exchange complex are very much essential for coffee plants for its growth and development. Hence, a study was conducted to know the soil nutrient status of coffee growing region of NTA. A total of 693 surface soil samples were collected at depth of 22cm randomly from each coffee growing mandals of NTA and assessed the nutrient status (soil pH, OC, available P and K) at Regional Coffee Research Station, Narsipatnam. Results of the soil test results indicated that most of the Arabica coffee soils of NTA are acidic in reaction (72 %) and soil pH > 6.0 in these soils was 28 % in the tested soils. Plant available phosphorous (P) in the soil is low with 33 % soils and 46 % of the soils are medium in range. However, only 21 % of the soils tested are high in available phosphorous content in these soils. The majority of the soils of this region are high in available potassium about 54 % and 31 % of the soils are medium in range but only 15 % of the soils are low in available K status. Coffee soils of NTA are rich in organic carbon status and almost 47 %. 33 % of the tested soils are medium in range but 19 % of soils were low in organic carbon status. Soils are slightly acidic in reaction and were rich in organic carbon and available potassium status.

scholarly journals The effects of mineral treatment and the amendments by organic and organomineral fertilisers on the crop yield, plant nutrient status and soil properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 34-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Gondek ◽  
B. Filipek-Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Copper Form ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Manure Slurry

The studies were carried out as a pot experiment comprised of mineral treatments with farmyard manure, slurry and liquid organomineral fertiliser (Damishum) and finally the unfertilised control. Mineral fertilisation and liquid organomineral fertiliser better affected the crop yield in comparison with organic treatments in the first year of the experiment, whereas in the subsequent two years with a consecutive affect of organic fertilisers. According to the expectations the biggest nitrogen concentrations were found in crops receiving mineral treatment and organomineral fertiliser. Phosphorus content depended on crop species and applied fertiliser. Potassium and magnesium contents immediately after treatment were the highest in the objects receiving organic treatment (farmyard manure and slurry). In the subsequent years no visible tendency in both element contents was noticed. Among the cultivated crops rape revealed the biggest amounts of cadmium in the above ground parts. Lead concentrations in the above ground parts of the cultivated crop did not reveal any diversification among the objects. Copper accumulated mainly in the crop root systems, except rape, whereas zinc concentration depended on the plant species and applied fertilisation. The treatment caused a decrease in the soil pH and an increase in hydrolytic acidity value. Mineral and organomineral fertilisation caused a pronounced decline in organic carbon content in the soil, whereas farmyard manure raised it. Similar dependencies were found for the total nitrogen concentrations. The applied treatment increased the contents of mobile forms of cadmium, lead and zinc but had no significant effect on changes of mobile copper form contents.

scholarly journals The significance of organic carbon and nutrient export from peatland-dominated landscapes subject to disturbance, a stoichiometric perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Waldron ◽  
H. Flowers ◽  
C. Arlaud ◽  
C. Bryant ◽  
S. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Nutrient Export ◽  
Terrestrial Carbon ◽  
Carbon Export ◽  
Aquatic Respiration ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus

Abstract. The terrestrial-aquatic interface is a crucial environment in which to consider the fate of exported terrestrial carbon in the aquatic system. Here the fate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) may be controlled by nutrient availability. However, peat-dominated headwater catchments are normally of low nutrient status and thus there is little data on how DOC and nutrient export co-varies. We present nutrient and DOC data for two UK catchments dominated by peat headwaters. One, Whitelee, is undergoing development for Europe's largest windfarm. Glen Dye by comparison is relatively undisturbed. At both sites there are significant linear relationships between DOC and soluble reactive phosphorus and nitrate concentrations in the drainage waters. However, inter-catchment differences exist. Changes in the pattern of nutrient and carbon export at Whitelee reveal that landscape disturbance associated with windfarm development impacts the receiving waters, and that nutrient export does not increase in a stoichiometric manner that will promote increase in microbial biomass but rather supports aquatic respiration. In turn greater CO2 efflux may prevail. Hence disturbance of terrestrial carbon stores may impact the both the aquatic and gaseous carbon cycle. We suggest estimates of aquatic carbon export should inform the decision-making process prior to development in ecosystems and catchments with high terrestrial carbon storage.

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