scholarly journals Evaluation of Low-Carbon Sustainable Technologies in Agriculture Sector through Grey Ordinal Priority Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-26
Author(s):  
Shajedul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Agriculture Sector

The agriculture sector plays a vital role in the economy, society, and environment, the three dimensions of sustainability. The agriculture sector contributes 12% to 14% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to the atmosphere, negatively impacting climate change. Using low-carbon and sustainable agricultural technologies can help mitigate climate change and global food security issues. But selecting and prioritizing the best technologies among all alternatives has always been an issue for decision-makers because of various uncertainty related to the agricultural sector. Therefore, the current study intends to identify and prioritize the key low-carbon and sustainable agricultural technologies. The current study makes a pioneering attempt in employing the Grey Ordinal Priority Approach (OPA-G), a modern multi-attribute decision-making technique, for the evaluation of low-carbon and sustainable technologies for the agricultural sector.  

scholarly journals The actions of the Brazilian agricultural sector in the context of climate change negotiations

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato de Aragão Ribeiro Rodrigues ◽  
Marcela Cardoso Guilles Conceição ◽  
Edison Dausacker Bidone ◽  
Eduardo Silva Matos ◽  
Renato Campello Cordeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
International Negotiation ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Personal View ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Climate Change Negotiations ◽  
Sustainable Technologies

Brazil has always maintained a prominent position in negotiations within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, playing a major role in setting increasingly ambitious goals and encouraging consensus among Parties. With the purpose of reducing GHG emissions from the agricultural sector and disseminating and financing good agricultural practices, Brazil developed a platform of sustainable technologies and public policies, as the Low Carbon Agriculture Plan (the “ABC Plan”). This article reviews the main milestones of Brazil’s role in the international negotiation on climate change, how these factors affected the Brazilian agricultural sector between 2009 and 2018 and the authors’ personal view on this context. The objective is to provide an overview of Brazil’s actions regarding the agricultural sector which contribute to the voluntary commitment assumed by the Brazilian government at COPs 15 and 21 and to provide a critical analysis of how these actions are being implemented. The main results show that low carbon agriculture has been consolidated as the main Brazilian strategy for sustainable rural development,but it is vital for our country to continue with these actions.

Economics of Low Carbon Agriculture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Moran ◽  
Jorie Knook
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Global Food Security

Climate change is already having a significant impact on agriculture through greater weather variability and the increasing frequency of extreme events. International policy is rightly focused on adapting and transforming agricultural and food production systems to reduce vulnerability. But agriculture also has a role in terms of climate change mitigation. The agricultural sector accounts for approximately a third of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, including related emissions from land-use change and deforestation. Farmers and land managers have a significant role to play because emissions reduction measures can be taken to increase soil carbon sequestration, manage fertilizer application, and improve ruminant nutrition and waste. There is also potential to improve overall productivity in some systems, thereby reducing emissions per unit of product. The global significance of such actions should not be underestimated. Existing research shows that some of these measures are low cost relative to the costs of reducing emissions in other sectors such as energy or heavy industry. Some measures are apparently cost-negative or win–win, in that they have the potential to reduce emissions and save production costs. However, the mitigation potential is also hindered by the biophysical complexity of agricultural systems and institutional and behavioral barriers limiting the adoption of these measures in developed and developing countries. This includes formal agreement on how agricultural mitigation should be treated in national obligations, commitments or targets, and the nature of policy incentives that can be deployed in different farming systems and along food chains beyond the farm gate. These challenges also overlap growing concern about global food security, which highlights additional stressors, including demographic change, natural resource scarcity, and economic convergence in consumption preferences, particularly for livestock products. The focus on reducing emissions through modified food consumption and reduced waste is a recent agenda that is proving more controversial than dealing with emissions related to production.

scholarly journals Plano Setorial de Mitigação e Adaptação às Mudanças Climáticas para Consolidação da Economia de Baixa Emissão de Carbono na Agricultura – PLANO ABC (Sectoral Plan for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change for a Consolidation Economy Low Carbon...)

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Deckers Amaral ◽  
Luiz Adriano Maia Cordeiro ◽  
Paulo Roberto Galerani
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation

A crescente concentração atmosférica de alguns Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE) é comprovadamente a principal responsável pelo aquecimento global. Isto tem levado vários países a se preocuparem com as consequências desse fenômeno. O aquecimento da atmosfera está ocorrendo de forma não natural e por interferência humana, o que pode levar a mudanças no clima. Nas últimas décadas, tem sido observado aumento na frequência e intensidade de secas, inundações, ciclones, derretimento de geleiras, aumento do nível do mar, etc. Esta nova realidade climática pode afetar negativamente a agricultura e outras atividades econômicas. Muitas propostas têm sido apresentadas para atenuar os efeitos deste problema. No caso da agricultura, tecnologias sustentáveis podem ser adotadas para mitigar emissões de GEE, e ao mesmo tempo promoverem a retenção de carbono na biomassa e no solo. Durante a COP-15, em Copenhague, Dinamarca, o governo brasileiro assumiu um compromisso voluntário de redução das emissões de GEE projetadas para 2020, entre 36,1% e 38,9%, estimando assim uma redução da ordem de 1 bilhão de Mg de CO2 eq. Palavras - chave: Agricultura sustentável, política pública, agricultura de baixa emissão de carbono.  Sectoral Plan for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change for a Consolidation Economy Low Carbon Agriculture - ABC PLAN  ABSTRACTThe greenhouse gases (GHG) concentration in the atmosphere are increasing and this process is the principal  cause of the Global Warming. The consequence of this phenomenon has worried many countries. The atmospheric warming is occurring by non-naturally means due to human interference and it can lead to climate change. In the last decades, it has been observed increasing intensity of dry seasons, floods, cyclones, tornadoes, melting glaciers, increase in sea level, etc. This new climate scenario can adversely affect agriculture and other economic activities. A lot of proposals have been presented to mitigate the effects of Global Warming. In agriculture, sustainable technologies can be adopted to mitigate GHG emissions, while promoting the retention of carbon in biomass and soil. In the last COP-15, in Copenhagen, Denmark, the Brazilian government committed to reducing GHG intensity by 36.1% and 38.9% by the year 2020. It is estimated that about 1 billion Mg CO2 equivalent will be sequestered from the atmosphere.  Keywords: sustainable agriculture, public policy, agriculture in low-carbon.

Transitioning to Low Carbon Mobility

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Hopkins ◽  
James Higham
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The World ◽  
Environmental Transformation ◽  
Context Specific

Since the turn of the 21st Century, the world has experienced unprecedented economic, political, social and environmental transformation. The ‘inconvenient truth’ of climate change is now undeniable; rising temperatures and the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme events have resulted in the loss of lives, livelihoods and habitats as well as straining economies. Increasingly mobile lives are often dependent on high carbon modes of transport, representing a substantial contribution to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the underlying cause of anthropogenic climate change. With growing demand and rising emissions, the transport sector has a critical role to play in achieving GHG emissions reductions, and stabilising the global climate. Low Carbon Mobility Transitions draws interdisciplinary insights on transport and mobilities, as a vast and complex socio-technical system. It presents 15 chapters and 6 shorter ‘case studies’ covering a diversity of themes and geographic contexts across three thematic sections: People and Place, Structures in Transition, and Innovations for Low Carbon Mobility. The three sections are highly interrelated, and with overlapping, complementing, and challenging themes. The contributions offer critical, often neglected insights into low carbon mobility transitions across the world. In doing so, Low Carbon Mobility Transitions sheds light on the place- and context-specific nature of mobility in a climate constrained world.

China’s energy policies and strategies for climate change and energy security

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Deng ◽  
Paolo Davide Farah
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Energy Economy ◽  
International Data ◽  
National Energy Security ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract National energy security, parallel with the ultimate goal of emissions reductions, is of utmost priority for the Chinese government. In order to comply with the requirements set by the Kyoto Protocol, the Chinese government announced, on 25 November 2009, that 2020’s CO2 emissions would be reduced by 40–45 per cent in accordance with the data collected from 2005. Said goal was met three years ahead of schedule. Even in light of such an accomplishment, however, commentators suggest that the overall nationally determined contributions (NDCs) made by the Parties belonging to the Paris agreement are not enough to reduce global warming by even 2°C. This article focuses on the concept of energy security in assessing whether, and how, the priorities related to climate change are gradually changing. After analysing climate change’s impact on China, conducted via an analysis of the study’s available literature and through the support of international data, this article mainly focuses on the concept of energy security, itself. Under the second section, based on the examination of China’s efforts to transition towards a low-carbon economy, the authors provide a holistic definition of energy security through the lens of three dimensions: energy supply security, energy economy and energy ecological security. The third section, in turn, addresses the relationship between energy security and climate change. The results presented in the conclusion insist that, in order to strengthen environmental protection in China, it is crucial to reform the highly inefficient and strictly regulated national energy market. In doing so, China’s transition to a low-carbon society and economy could prove less painful, as China’s available resources offer the potential for a strengthened ecological dimension and sustained socio-economic development.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency and GHG Emissions Mapping of Buildings for Decision-Making Processes against Climate Change at the Local Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Lorenzo-Sáez ◽  
José-Vicente Oliver-Villanueva ◽  
Eloina Coll-Aliaga ◽  
Lenin-Guillermo Lemus-Zúñiga ◽  
Victoria Lerma-Arce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy

Buildings have become a key source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to the consumption of primary energy, especially when used to achieve thermal comfort conditions. In addition, buildings play a key role for adapting societies to climate change by achieving more energy efficiency. Therefore, buildings have become a key sector to tackle climate change at the local level. However, public decision-makers do not have tools with enough spatial resolution to prioritise and focus the available resources and efforts in an efficient manner. The objective of the research is to develop an innovative methodology based on a geographic information system (GIS) for mapping primary energy consumption and GHG emissions in buildings in cities according to energy efficiency certificates. The developed methodology has been tested in a representative medium-sized city in Spain, obtaining an accurate analysis that shows 32,000 t of CO2 emissions due to primary energy consumption of 140 GWh in residential buildings with high spatial resolution at single building level. The obtained results demonstrate that the majority of residential buildings have low levels of energy efficiency and emit an average of 45 kg CO2/m2. Compared to the national average in Spain, this obtained value is on the average, while it is slightly better at the regional level. Furthermore, the results obtained demonstrate that the developed methodology is able to directly identify city districts with highest potential for improving energy efficiency and reducing GHG emissions. Additionally, a data model adapted to the INSPIRE regulation has been developed in order to ensure interoperability and European-wide application. All these results have allowed the local authorities to better define local strategies towards a low-carbon economy and energy transition. In conclusion, public decision-makers will be supported with an innovative and user-friendly GIS-based methodology to better define local strategies towards a low-carbon economy and energy transition in a more efficient and transparent way based on metrics of high spatial resolution and accuracy.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Link between Low Carbon Reductions Strategies and Its Performance in the Context of Climate Change: A Carbon Footprint of a Wood-Frame Residential Building in Quebec, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Padilla-Rivera ◽  
Ben Amor ◽  
Pierre Blanchet
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Change Mitigation

The design and study of low carbon buildings is a major concern in a modern economy due to high carbon emissions produced by buildings and its effects on climate change. Studies have investigated (CFP) Carbon Footprint of buildings, but there remains a need for a strong analysis that measure and quantify the overall degree of GHG emissions reductions and its relationship with the effect on climate change mitigation. This study evaluates the potential of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the building sector by evaluating the (CFP) of four hotpots approaches defined in line with commonly carbon reduction strategies, also known as mitigation strategies. CFP framework is applied to compare the (CC) climate change impact of mitigation strategies. A multi-story timber residential construction in Quebec City (Canada) was chosen as a baseline scenario. This building has been designed with the idea of being a reference of sustainable development application in the building sector. In this scenario, the production of materials and construction (assembly, waste management and transportation) were evaluated. A CFP that covers eight actions divided in four low carbon strategies, including: low carbon materials, material minimization, reuse and recycle materials and adoption of local sources and use of biofuels were evaluated. The results of this study shows that the used of prefabricated technique in buildings is an alternative to reduce the CFP of buildings in the context of Quebec. The CC decreases per m2 floor area in baseline scenario is up to 25% than current buildings. If the benefits of low carbon strategies are included, the timber structures can generate 38% lower CC than the original baseline scenario. The investigation recommends that CO2eq emissions reduction in the design and implementation of residential constructions as climate change mitigation is perfectly feasible by following different working strategies. It is concluded that if the four strategies were implemented in current buildings they would have environmental benefits by reducing its CFP. The reuse wood wastes into production of particleboard has the greatest environmental benefit due to temporary carbon storage.

India’s New Stance on Global Warming

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Arora
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Project Report ◽  
Low Carbon Development ◽  
Policy Mechanisms

India ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in November, 1993 and is a non-Annex party to the UNFCCC. Accordingly, as a Non Annex Party, India is not liable to legally reduce its Greenhouse gases under the convention. However India has taken a responsible stance towards Global warming and Climate change. Recent measures and developments at the governmental front and initiatives undertaken by the private sector have paved the way for sustainable development. The present paper studies the recent financial and market based mechanisms and the underlying policy environment for low carbon development in India undertaken by Indian government and the Indian corporate sector. The various policy mechanisms initiated include the Coal Cess, Carbon tax, Issuance of Masala bonds and Subsidies on solar enabled appliances. The Indian corporate sector has attracted commendable admiration by the Global leaders owing to the integration of sustainability into business activities. The issuance of Green bonds, voluntary GHG emissions disclosure in the Carbon Disclosure Project Report and establishment of Greenex are the various recent sustainable steps taken by industry leaders to fight global warming.

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