scholarly journals Porous Borders and Increasing Human Trafficking in West Africa: Issues and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Omolara Akinyemi
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Material Resources

The porous nature of West Africa’s borders, which owes its origin to the hasty way the colonialists carved up the African continent as well as the nature of their management by post-colonial states, has become serious issue in human trafficking, money laundering and other related crimes. Thus, one of the major consequences of porous borders in West Africa today is the rise of trans-border crimes. The problem lies in the complexity of these organizations and their activities, the global penetration and the threat they pose to democracy and legitimate economic development. Some of these trans-border crimes include: the narcotics trade and money laundering, illegal migration and people’s trafficking, smuggling (small and light weapons, food items, vehicles) among others. Nevertheless, the never-ending business of trafficking in humans across borders today is organized by individuals and groups, it is colluding with government officials and its devastating impact on exasperated individual victims is the major concern of this study. Data obtained from primary and secondary sources (literature review and content analysis) were deployed to carry out the study with an analytical and narrative historical method. The study concludes that human trafficking can be reduced to the barest minimum in the region, if West African human and material resources are combined together to expand regional capacity for border security.

Interrogating the Causes of Industrial Apathy in Gombe, North East Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Misbahu Sa’idu ◽  
Aminu Bakari Buba ◽  
Ahmed Usman
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Economic Diversification ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
North East

This paper examined the factors and actors that coalesced to engender disinterest in the establishment and sustenance of manufacturing industries in Gombe State, North East geopolitical zone of Nigeria. The study adopted a historical method anchored on oral interviews with sixty (60) local manufacturers, and government officials across the eleven local government areas of Gombe state. Secondary sources in forms of published books, journal articles, Newsletters and Annual reports were also used. The result showed that lack of capital, epileptic electricity supply and weak political will constitute the major causes of industrial apathy in Gombe. Other factors include weak maintenance culture, lack of technical knowhow, longer gestation period in reaping the fruits of manufacturing, crisis of confidence and disdain for loans owing to interest attached to it. Finally, the study argues and recommends that prospects for reviving comatose industries and establishing new ones still exist in the study area. This ray of hope is informed by the emergence of participant political culture which could usher strong political will capable of harnessing the huge mineral endowments of the area. Another impetus added to this optimism is the Federal Government of Nigeria’s policy of economic diversification away from dependence on crude oil.

scholarly journals Potret Kehidupan Masyarakat Transmigran Bali di Desa Sumber Makmur Kecamatan Satui Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Noor Amitasari ◽  
Melisa Prawitasari ◽  
Helmi Akmal
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Construction Stage ◽  
Knowing How ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Secondary Sources

The background of this research describes the process of arrival of Balinese transmigrants in Sumber Makmur Village, Satui District, Tanah Bumbu Regency along with their social and religious life. The research was made with the aim of knowing how the life of the Balinese transmigrant community in Sumber Makmur Village. The method used in this research is the historical method, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Primary sources are obtained directly from sources about the object under study. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Secondary sources are obtained from literature studies, in the form of useful notes with the object of research. The results of field research, it shows that since the Balinese came to Sumber Makmur Village in 1983, the development of Balinese society at that time was still in the construction stage starting from establishing settlements, to buildings of worship (temples). In 2000, the buildings owned by residents were better. Their life is relatively harmonious, although there are slight adjustments because it is not completely the same as on the island of Bali which is thick with Hindu culture. However, this did not change their previous culture and beliefs. The results of this study indicate that the life of the Balinese transmigrants in Sumber Makmur Village is running well and there is no conflict, so that their lives as migrants remain harmonious.

An Empirical Study of Human Trafficking Law in Cameroon: Victims Rarely Seek Justice and Traffickers Are Not Held Liable

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-441
Author(s):  
Monique Aziza
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Arduous Task ◽  
Adults And Children

This article argues that the number of unprosecuted human traffickers is growing in Cameroon. This article aims to examine Cameroonian government officials, prosecutors and judiciary attitudes to human trafficking laws, which endanger Cameroonians. This article is an empirical study of victims of human trafficking. It takes an objective look at Cameroon's anti-trafficking law that criminalises the trafficking of adults and children. It is evident that societal discrimination towards the North West region, lack of opportunities for free education or to a trade post-primary school and the lack of enforcement of the anti-trafficking law are making combating human trafficking an arduous task.

scholarly journals A Study on Ownership Structure and Financial Performance of Listed Beverage Food and Tobacco Companies in Sri Lanka

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Saseela Balagobei ◽  
Thirunavukkarasu Velnampy
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

The relevant literature suggests that ownership structure is one of the main corporate governance mechanisms influencing the scope of financial performance. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between ownership structure and financial performance of listed beverage food and tobacco companies for the period of 2010-2015. This study also examines the impact of ownership structure on financial performance. The sample consists of 10 listed beverage food and tobacco companies in Sri Lanka. In this study, data was collected from secondary sources and hypotheses are examined by using Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis. The results reveal that ownership concentration and foreign ownership structure are positively correlated with financial performance of listed beverage food and tobacco companies while institutional ownership structure isn’t significantly correlated with financial performance. It is also found that there is a significant impact of foreign ownership structure on financial performance. Higher the foreign ownership structure in listed beverage food and tobacco companies, the higher the financial performance which is preferable for the shareholders and it improves the wealth of companies.

Transnational Criminal Law: A Field in the Making

2021 ◽  
pp. 178-202
Author(s):  
Prabha Kotiswaran ◽  
Nicola Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Current Phase ◽  
Global Banking ◽  
The Rich

Twenty years into the current phase of globalization, a new field of transnational criminal law is in the making, expanding to cover issues as diverse as money laundering, counterterrorism, global banking, human trafficking, infringements of intellectual property rights, and cybercrime. The chapter introduces the concept of transnational criminal law (TCL) and deliberates on the dilemmas of TCL as applied to empirical legal phenomena before suggesting a sociolegal approach to further develop the field of TCL. In particular, the chapter brings to bear on TCL the rich debates within global governance and transnational legal theory. The chapter does this by decentering formal state law and examining the full range of technologies of governance, that nonstate actors increasingly propose in order to address transnational social problems.

Private tutoring in Bangladesh: evolution, expansion, and policy responses

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Bayezid Alam ◽  
Zhiyong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Private Tutoring ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Major Type ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Development Trajectory ◽  
The Government

PurposeThis study explores the development trajectory of private tutoring in Bangladesh. Specifically, it illustrates how private tutoring has emerged and expanded in the country's education system and examines how governments have responded on this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted a case study methodology for this study. Data were gathered from different secondary sources such as books, official documents, scholarly articles, and newspaper reports. The data analysis process consists of three-phases of activities: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification.FindingsPrivate tutoring historically existed in Bangladesh. It is rapidly expanded in the country's education system – from primary to higher secondary level. Currently, it has reached an industrialization stage, where commercial coaching has become a major type of tutoring. The expansion of private tutoring is the inevitable result of the continued privatization and marketization of education. To bring the private tutoring under a framework, the government has taken some regulatory measures that can be characterized as “laissez-faire.” The existing measures are largely ineffective, as the policy makers followed an “top-down” approach when framing the policies.Originality/valueThis study, to the best of the authors' knowledge, is the first to target the historical aspects of private tutoring in Bangladesh. It has potential to fill out the literature gap on private tutoring by analyzing its policy aspect.

scholarly journals Routes of human trafficking in Europe and the position of Serbia on them

Temida ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Copic
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
And Migration

Human trafficking as a form of organized crime is showing its increase today, changing at the same time its structure and characteristics. Some factors that contribute to such a situation are global trends that result in huge social and economic inequalities in the world, but also turbulences and problems that are affecting certain regions (wars, political instability, ethnic conflicts, militarization etc.). Human trafficking, as a complex social phenomenon that encompasses different forms of acting, subjects and aims, can be analyzed within different concepts. One of them refers to the issue of broader migration flows and migration control policy. Namely, from the global perspective, trafficking in human beings can be mostly considered as a form of 'organized illegal migration'. Due to that, it seems important to consider the issue of routes through which this form of migration is realized today. Discovering human trafficking routes, as well as other forms of illegal movement of people and illegal forms of trade are very important from the point of view of implementing adequate measures and relocation of resources in order to suppress these forms of socially unacceptable phenomena. Creating adequate anti-trafficking activities is important on national, regional and international levels. Keeping that in mind, the aim of this paper is to look into the contemporary routes of human trafficking within Europe and find out what is the position of Serbia on these routes, as well to examine possible changes that happened in this field during past several years. This will be done on the basis of the analysis of relevant literature, as well as on some preliminary findings of the survey on male victims of human trafficking in Serbia, which is currently conducted by the Victimology Society of Serbia.

scholarly journals Dari Medan Perang Berburu Lapangan Pekerjaan: Pengangguran Revolusi di Yogyakarta Tahun 1950-an

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Rika Inggit Asmawati
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Revolutionary Period ◽  
Independent Country ◽  
Unemployment Problem ◽  
Economic Improvement

This research discusses about the social economic history of Yogyakarta during 1950s. The main problem is to analyze how the newly independent country of Indonesia dealt with unemployment after the revolutionary period. This research employs the historical method using primary and secondary sources, such as archives, newspapers, magazines, interviews, and reviews of relevant references. There are four conclusions in this research. First, although the period was called as the period of creating jobs, the unemployment number in early 1950s was increasing. Second, this unemployment problem was not primarily caused by the economic condition but also by demographic problems and the legacies from the Revolution Era. Third, people who were categorized as unemployed were not only labors, but also veterans. Fourth, for the government, solving this unemployment problem was the effort to create economic improvement for its society.

scholarly journals Contemporary Relevance of Bertrand Russell’s Views on Early Childhood Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Runumi Sharma ◽  
Mamta Aswal
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Character Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Holistic Development ◽  
National Education ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Secondary Sources

Bertrand Russell’s educational thoughts significantly deal with reforming education for school going children and he also supported pre-primary education. He favored early childhood education for physical, intellectual and character development. His emphasis on character development of a child shows the significance of early years of life for development of an individual. This paper aims at exploring Bertrand Russell’s thoughts on early childhood education. It is an attempt to understand the significance of early childhood education for the holistic development of the children. Though there are early childhood education is prevalent in our country, but it was not mandatory to get early childhood education till the approval of National Education Policy (N.E.P., 2020). It has included early childhood education in compulsory school education for promoting better learning and well being of a child. It is a qualitative research in which historical method has been used where data has been collected from primary and secondary sources. The finding of the study shows that Bertrand Russell’sthought on early childhood education is relevant in present Indian context for developing good values, physical and mental development as well as in future learning. This shows that the encouragement to early childhood education and Bertrand Russell’s thoughts on early childhood education would be helpful for holistic development of children.

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