Lymphopenia is Associated with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2540-2542
Author(s):  
Maria Shireen ◽  
Sarah Shoaib Qureshi ◽  
Arsalan Nawaz ◽  
Wasim Amir ◽  
Mehrin Farooq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pro Forma

Background: Covid-19 is a very contagious and quickly spreading viral infection, caused by a corona virus SARS-COV-2 which was originally reported in China on December 5, 2019. It was confirmed as pandemic by WHO on March 11, 2020. This disease is yet under research. It has variable severity which includes no symptoms to pneumonia. This can cause death of the patient. Aim: To evaluate the association of Lymphopenia with severity of COVID 19 in COVID-19 patients Methods: It was a retrospective observational study conducted in COVID wards of Ghurki hospital Lahore. Record of 100 COVID-19 patients that were admitted between March and July 2021 fulfilling the inclusion criteria was included in the study. A pre-structured pro forma was filled to collect the data. Results: Out of 100 patients, 30 patients were included in Non-severe group while severe group had 70 patients. The mean age of study population was 52.5±10.38 with 60% male and 40% female. 70% patients in severe group had some co-existent comorbidity. The most commonly reported symptoms were fever and cough in both groups while shortness of breath was more commonly reported in severe group. Conclusion: Lymphopenia is associated with severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections. Lymphocytes count can be used to assess the severity of COVID 19. Keywords: Lymphocytes, Lymphopenia, Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID 19.

P–349 Does concomitant autoimmunity affect IVF/ICSI outcomes in women with endometriosis? A retrospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Rebecchi ◽  
N Salmeri ◽  
C Patruno ◽  
R Villanacci ◽  
P Rover Querini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Icsi Outcomes

Abstract Study question To investigate differences in In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) outcomes between endometriosis women who do or don’t have a concomitant autoimmune disease. Summary answer Despite a higher oocyte yield, a trend for reduction in clinical pregnancy rates was observed in the autoimmunity group compared to women without concomitant autoimmunity. What is known already Endometriosis is an inflammatory chronic gynaecological disorder with a known detrimental impact on fertility. Endometriosis pathogenesis is still unclear. It has been postulated a role of both innate and adaptive immune system. The coexistence of endometriosis and autoimmunity is a well-documented occurrence Some recent findings have revealed an increased risk to have concomitant autoimmune disease in women with endometriosis, but no study has so far investigated whether this association could affect IVF/ICSI outcomes. Indeed, autoimmune phenomena, including proinflammatory cytokines and auto-antibody production, may result in diminished quality of oocytes/embryos with lower pregnancy rates among these patients. Study design, size, duration This was a retrospective observational study carried out at the Fertility Unit of IRCSS San Raffaele Hospital (Milan). We reviewed medical patients’ notes of women with a confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis who referred to our Fertility Unit from October 2018 to January 2021. Participants/materials, setting, methods Out of 1441 patients undergoing IVF/ICSI, 98 women had surgical/histopathological diagnosis of endometriosis. 25 of them had a clinical and/or serological diagnosis of autoimmunity. Autoimmunity was assessed by clinical data (blood tests for auto-antibodies or rheumatological records) obtained from the electronic patient files stored in the database of our Fertility Centre. Clinical pregnancy was defined as the presence of at least one intrauterine gestational sac with a viable embryo at week 6 after transfer. Main results and the role of chance 25/98 (25.5%) endometriosis women with a concomitant autoimmune disease (cases) were compared with 73/98 (74.5%) endometriosis patients without autoimmunity (controls). The mean age was 37.36±3.63 and 36.93±3.79 (p=.623) in cases and controls respectively. The mean number of oocytes retrieved was higher in cases (5.78±4.07) than in controls (3.82±2.69;p=.041); similarly, cases showed an higher number of embryos (2.13±1.93 vs. 1.19±1.37;p=.041) and blastocysts (1.89±2.02 vs. 0.85±1.61;p=.041) obtained. A total of 47 fresh embryo transfer (ET) were performed. Considering all the endometriosis patients, the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) per cycle was 34.0% (16/47); when stratifying for the presence of autoimmunity the CPR was 23.1% (3/13) in cases, and 38.2% (13/34) in controls (p=.494). Limitations, reasons for caution This is a retrospective study based on data extraction from electronic records of our Fertility Centre. The sample size is limited and some information about past medical history could be missed. Results should be interpreted with caution until validated by future research providing more standardized data collection. Wider implications of the findings: Despite significantly higher numbers of oocytes retrieved and embryos/blastocysts formed, the presence of concomitant autoimmune disease in patients with endometriosis may impair pregnancy rates. Whether this finding is confirmed and whether it could be due to a defect in embryo/blastocysts quality or in endometrial receptivity deserves further studies. Trial registration number Not applicable

scholarly journals ECG CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 – A RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN CHENNAI

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
A .Shaik Sulaiman Meeran ◽  
T. Balaji ◽  
P. Raja ◽  
Kiran Chandramohan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Increased Risk

Background:A global outbreak of corona virus disease, caused by severe respiratory corona virus 2, has emerged since December 2019. However electrocardiographic manifestations of patients with COVID-19 have not been fully described. We aim to investigate ECG characteristics in COVID-19 patients and risk factors of ICU admission Methods:This retrospective observational study included the patients with COVID-19 at the Government Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai between June 1st and 31st, 2020. Demographic, clinical and ECG characteristics were collected and comparison were made between ICU and non ICU admission groups. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of ICU admission Results:Among the 159 patients included ST-T abnormalities were the most common ECG feature followed by arrhythmias. Compared with non ICU group, the ICU group showed higher heart rate and P wave duration and was more frequently associated with CVD, ST-T abnormalities, arrythmias, QTc prolongation and pathological Q waves. ST-T abnormalities and history of CVD were associated with increased risk of ICU admission Conclusion:COVID-19 is frequently related to cardiovascular manifestations including ECG abnormalities and cardiovascular comorbidities. ST-T abnormalities and CVD at admission were associated with increased odds of ICU admission

scholarly journals Trends in end digit preference for blood pressure and associations with cardiovascular outcomes in Canadian and UK primary care: a retrospective observational study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e024970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Greiver ◽  
Sumeet Kalia ◽  
Teja Voruganti ◽  
Babak Aliarzadeh ◽  
Rahim Moineddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Digit Preference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Primary Care Practices

ObjectivesTo study systematic errors in recording blood pressure (BP) as measured by end digit preference (EDP); to determine associations between EDP, uptake of Automated Office BP (AOBP) machines and cardiovascular outcomes.DesignRetrospective observational study using routinely collected electronic medical record data from 2006 to 2015 and a survey on year of AOBP acquisition in Toronto, Canada in 2017.SettingPrimary care practices in Canada and the UK.ParticipantsAdults aged 18 years or more.Main outcome measuresMean rates of EDP and change in rates. Rates of EDP following acquisition of an AOBP machine. Associations between site EDP levels and mean BP. Associations between site EDP levels and frequency of cardiovascular outcomes.Results707 227 patients in Canada and 1 558 471 patients in the UK were included. From 2006 to 2015, the mean rate of BP readings with both systolic and diastolic pressure ending in zero decreased from 26.6% to 15.4% in Canada and from 24.2% to 17.3% in the UK. Systolic BP readings ending in zero decreased from 41.8% to 32.5% in the 3 years following the purchase of an AOBP machine. Sites with high EDP had a mean systolic BP of 2.0 mm Hg in Canada, and 1.7 mm Hg in the UK, lower than sites with no or low EDP. Patients in sites with high levels of EDP had a higher frequency of stroke (standardised morbidity ratio (SMR) 1.15, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.17), myocardial infarction (SMR 1.16, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.19) and angina (SMR 1.25, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.28) than patients in sites with no or low EDP.ConclusionsAcquisition of an AOBP machine was associated with a decrease in EDP levels. Sites with higher rates of EDP had lower mean BPs and a higher frequency of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The routine use of manual office-based BP measurement should be reconsidered.

scholarly journals DEMMI Scores, Length of Stay, and 30-Day Readmission of Acute Geriatric Patients in Denmark: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study with Longitudinal Follow-Up

Geriatrics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorte Melgaard ◽  
Maria Rodrigo-Domingo ◽  
Marianne M. Mørch ◽  
Stephanie M. Byrgesen
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mobility Index ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mobility Aid

The aims of this study are to describe the mobility of acute geriatric patients, the length of stay, and to characterise patients who were readmitted within 30 days based on the De Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI). A cross-sectional observational study with longitudinal follow-up was conducted in the period from 1 March 2016 to 31 August 2016. Inclusion criteria were acute geriatric patients hospitalised for a minimum of 24 h. Of the 418 patients hospitalised during the study period, 246 (59%) participated in this study (44% male, median age 83 years [70; 94]). For patients in an acute geriatric department, the median DEMMI score was 41 and the mean score was 39.95. Patients with a DEMMI score ≤40 show a significantly lower Barthel 100 index, lower 30 s. sit-to-stand scores and were significantly more likely to be bedridden or, amongst those not bedridden, to use a mobility aid. Lower DEMMI scores were associated with longer admissions. DEMMI seems to have the ability to predict discharge within one week. There was no significant association between a lower DEMMI score and higher risk for 30-day readmission. Further research is needed to determine whether the DEMMI is suitable for identifying the patient’s need for further rehabilitation following the discharge.

scholarly journals The effect of oral ondansetron on QT interval in children with acute gastroenteritis; a retrospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heewon Yang ◽  
Woochan Jeon ◽  
Yura Ko ◽  
Sooin Jeong ◽  
Jisook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Qt Interval ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oral Ondansetron

Abstract Background In mildly to moderately dehydrated patients with acute gastroenteritis (AGE), oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is the treatment of choice. Though ondansetron is a very effective antiemetics and leads to succeed ORT, there have been reports QT prolongation in patients using it. We investigated the effect of oral ondansetron on QT interval in mildly to moderately dehydrated children with AGE. Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted in a single pediatric emergency department (ED) of a tertiary university hospital. We collected the medical records of patients with a primary diagnosis of AGE who received oral ondansetron and underwent an electrocardiogram between January 2017 and June 2018. A pediatric emergency physician calculated the corrected QT interval (QTc) by Bazett’s method, and the calculations were reviewed by a pediatric cardiologist. QTc values before (preQTc) and after (postQTc) ondansetron administration were analyzed. ΔQTc was calculated as the change from preQTc to postQTc. We also investigated any cardiac complications from oral ondansetron. Results Total 80 patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 53.31 ± 32.42 months, and 45% were male. The mean dose of oral ondansetron was 0.18 ± 0.04 mg/kg. The mean interval from administration of ondansetron to performance of the electrocardiogram was 65 ± 26 min. The mean preQTc was 403.3 ± 24.0 ms, and the mean postQTc was 407.2 ± 26.7 ms. Two patients had a preQTc ≥460 ms, and one patient had a postQTc ≥460 ms. ΔQTc was ≥30 ms in seven patients (8.8%). No ΔQTc was ≥60 ms. No pre- or postQTc was ≥500 ms. No patient had a fatal cardiac arrhythmia after taking ondansetron. Conclusion Oral administration of a single dose of ondansetron in children with AGE did not cause high-risk QTc prolongation or fatal arrhythmia.

scholarly journals Hubungan Nilai Carcinoembryonic Antigen dengan Kejadian Metastasis Karsinoma Kolorektal di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahrizal Maradjabessy ◽  
Laurens Kalesaran ◽  
Ferry Kalitouw ◽  
Heber Sapan
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Point Biserial Correlation ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean

Abstract: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker which has been used worldwide as an indicator of recurrency after treatment and prognosis but not for preoperative diagnosis. This study was aimed to obtain the correlation between CEA level and the metastasis of colorectal cancer. This was an analytical correlational study. Population and samples were patients with colorectal cancer that fulfilled the inclusion criteria at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from January 2015 through December 2016. Data were analyzed with point-biserial correlation coefficient. There were 55 patients with colorectal cancer in this study. The incidence of colorectal cancer was higher in 2016 (37 patients). Most of them were males (63.3%), had colorectal cancer in the rectum (47.3%), and CEA level above normal (98.1%). As many as 36 patients with CEA level above normal had no metastasis. Of 18 patients with metastasis, the most were in liver, followed by lungs and bones. There were 9 patients with CEA level >1000 μg/dl; all had metastasis. The statistical analysis showed a rpb of 0.634 (P < 0.01). The mean level of CEA in patients with metastasis (541.82 μg) was much higher than of them without metastasis (60.19 μg). Conclusion: There was a strong and significant correlation between CEA level and metastasis.Keywords: colorectal cancer, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), metastasisAbstrak: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) merupakan salah satu tumor marker yang sudah banyak digunakan secara luas. Saat ini pemeriksaan CEA diangggap berguna untuk indikator faktor rekurensi setelah diterapi dan prognostik, namun kemampuan diagnostik CEA preoperasi masih sangat kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara CEA dengan kejadian metastasis karsinoma kolorektal. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik korelatif. Populasi dan sampel ialah semua pasien karsinoma kolorektal yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado mulai bulan Januari 2015 sampai Desember 2016. Analisis data menggunakan analisis koefisien korelasi point biserial. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 55 pasien karsinoma kolorektal dengan insiden terbanyak pada tahun 2016 (37 pasien). Terbanyak ditemukan ialah letak karsinoma kolerektal pada daerah rektum (47,3%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (63,3%), dan kadar CEA di atas normal (98,1%). Sebanyak 36 pasien dengan nilai CEA di atas normal tanpa metastasis dan 18 pasien dengan metastasis terbanyak di hati, kemudian paru, dan tulang. Terdapat 9 pasien dengan nilai CEA >1000 μg/dl; kesemuanya mengalami metastasis. Uji statistik mendapatkan rpb = 0,634 dengan P < 0,01. Nilai rerata CEA pada pasien dengan metastasis jauh lebih tinggi (541,82 μg) dibandingkan dengan nilai rerata pada pasien tanpa metastasis (60,19 μg). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan bermakna antara CEA dengan metastasis.Kata kunci: karsinoma kolorektal, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), metastasis

scholarly journals Morbidity, mortality and clinico-laboratory profile of COVID-19 related illness in children: a retrospective observational study from a tertiary care centre in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Bijoy Patra ◽  
Manju Nimesh ◽  
Parasdeep Kaur ◽  
Sumantha Patil ◽  
Hema Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Laboratory Profile ◽  
Critical Patients

Background: As India is poised for a third wave of SARS Co-V2 infection with a large unvaccinated pediatric population, it becomes imperative and pertinent for a study to find out its demographic, clinico-laboratory profile, and outcome in children with COVID-19 disease and its related illness.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study undertaken for Children and Adolescent admitted in the department of pediatrics of a teaching and tertiary care referral hospital, Delhi.Results: The median age of admitted children with COVID-19 disease was 11 years with an interquartile range 3 to 16 years. The median duration of hospital stay was 10 days (mean: 18±14 days). Mortality was 9/62 (14%). Recovery in non-severe (asymptomatic, mild, moderate) was 41/41 (100%), and in severe and critical illness including MISC was 42.8% (9/21). Mortality in severe and critical patients managed in SARI and COVID ward was 44% (8/18). Death among MISC patient in PICU was 33% (1/3). Difference in CRP rise was significant in severe and non-severe group of COVID-19 (p=0.017).Conclusions: Even though the morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19 infection and related illness seems to be miniscule, the infection causes significant illness in the subgroup of children who requires hospitalization and can be fatal in those with comorbidity.

Establishing objective benchmarks in robotic virtual reality simulation at the level of a competent surgeon using the RobotiX Mentor simulator

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (1111) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Watkinson ◽  
Nicholas Raison ◽  
Takashige Abe ◽  
Patrick Harrison ◽  
Shamim Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Training Curriculum ◽  
King's College ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Vr Training ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Robotic Surgical Training ◽  
Vr Simulator

BackgroundTo establish objective benchmarks at the level of a competent robotic surgeon across different exercises and metrics for the RobotiX Mentor virtual reality (VR) simulator suitable for use within a robotic surgical training curriculum.MethodsThis retrospective observational study analysed results from multiple data sources, all of which used the RobotiX Mentor VR simulator. 123 participants with varying experience from novice to expert completed the exercises. Competency was established as the 25th centile of the mean advanced intermediate score. Three basic skill exercises and two advanced skill exercises were used.SettingKing’s College London.Participants84 Novice, 26 beginner intermediates, 9 advanced intermediates and 4 experts were used in this retrospective observational study.ResultsObjective benchmarks derived from the 25th centile of the mean scores of the advanced intermediates provided suitably challenging yet also achievable targets for training surgeons. The disparity in scores was greatest for the advanced exercises. Novice surgeons are able to achieve the benchmarks across all exercises in the majority of metrics.ConclusionWe have successfully created this proof-of-concept study, which requires validation in a larger cohort. Objective benchmarks obtained from the 25th centile of the mean scores of advanced intermediates provide clinically relevant benchmarks at the standard of a competent robotic surgeon that are challenging yet also attainable. That can be used within a VR training curriculum allowing participants to track and monitor their progress in a structured and progressional manner through five exercises. Providing clearly defined targets, ensuring that a universal training standard has been achieved across training surgeons.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR profile in 298 Indian COVID-19 patients : a retrospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bisakh Bhattacharya ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Ved Prakash Meena ◽  
Manish Soneja ◽  
Saurabh Vig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
The Mean

AbstractBackgroundDespite being in the 5th month of pandemic, knowledge with respect to viral dynamics, infectivity and RT-PCR positivity continues to evolve.AimTo analyse the SARS CoV-2 nucleic acid RT-PCR profiles in COVID-19 patients.DesignIt was a retrospective, observational study conducted at COVID facilities under AIIMS, New Delhi.MethodsPatients admitted with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 were eligible for enrolment. Patients with incomplete details, or only single PCR tests were excluded. Data regarding demographic details, comorbidities, treatment received and results of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR performed on nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, collected at different time points, was retrieved from the hospital records.Results298 patients were included, majority were males (75·8%) with mean age of 39·07 years (0·6-88 years). The mean duration from symptom onset to first positive RT-PCR was 4·7 days (SD 3·67), while that of symptom onset to last positive test was 17·83 days (SD 6·22). Proportions of positive RT-PCR tests were 100%, 49%, 24%, 8·7% and 20·6% in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th & >4 weeks of illness. 12 symptomatic patients had prolonged positive test results even after 3 weeks of symptom onset. Age >= 60 years was associated with prolonged RT-PCR positivity (statistically significant).ConclusionThis study showed that the average period of PCR positivity is more than 2 weeks in COVID-19 patients; elderly patients have prolonged duration of RT-PCR positivity and requires further follow up.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR profile in 298 Indian COVID-19 patients: a retrospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bisakh Bhattacharya ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Ved Prakash Meena ◽  
Manish Soneja ◽  
Amit Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Despite being in the 5th month of pandemic, knowledge with respect to viral dynamics, infectivity and RT-PCR positivity continues to evolve. Aim To analyse the SARS CoV-2 nucleic acid RT-PCR profiles in COVID-19 patients. Design It was a retrospective, observational study conducted at COVID facilities under AIIMS, New Delhi. Methods Patients admitted with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 were eligible for enrolment. Patients with incomplete details, or only single PCR tests were excluded. Data regarding demographic details, comorbidities, treatment received and results of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR performed on nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, collected at different time points, was retrieved from the hospital records. Results 298 patients were included, majority were males (75·8%) with mean age of 39·07 years (0·6–88 years). The mean duration from symptom onset to first positive RT-PCR was 4·7 days (SD 3·67), while that of symptom onset to last positive test was 17·83 days (SD 6·22). Proportions of positive RT-PCR tests were 100%, 49%, 24%, 8·7% and 20·6% in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th & &gt;4 weeks of illness. 12 symptomatic patients had prolonged positive test results even after 3 weeks of symptom onset. Age &gt; = 60 years was associated with prolonged RT-PCR positivity (statistically significant). Conclusion This study showed that the average period of PCR positivity is more than 2 weeks in COVID-19 patients; elderly patients have prolonged duration of RT-PCR positivity and requires further follow up.

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