Risk Factors Associated with Peritoneal Involvement in Acute appendicitis in Territory of Punjab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3076-3077
Author(s):  
Fauzia Siraj ◽  
Rabbiah Manzoor Malik ◽  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Rifat Shamim ◽  
Attya Zaheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Time Of Surgery ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of

Aim: To study the frequency and factors associated with peritoneal involvement among patients operated for acute appendicitis in a tertiary care hospital. Place and duration of study: Department of Surgery, Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi Pakistan from 1stJuly 2020 to 30thJune 2021. Methodology: This comparative cross-sectional study 500 patients diagnosed as acute appendicitis and operated by consultant surgeon were included. Peritoneal involvement was defined as signs of inflammation or infection on abdominal lining observed by operating surgeon during the time of surgery. Factors like age, gender, presence of comorbid illnesses and history of previous abdominal surgeries were associated with presence of peritoneal involvement. Results: There were 305 (61%) males while 195 (39%) were females with mean age was 32.331±4.544 years.Four hundred and forty two (88.4%) did not show any peritoneal involvement at the time of surgery while 58 (11.6%) had peritoneal involvement. Chi-square test revealed that history of previous abdominal surgeries and advancing age had statistically significant association with peritoneal involvement among the study participants (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: Peritoneal involvement was found in considerable number of patients operated as acute appendicitis by the treating surgeons. Patients with previous history of abdominal surgeries and advancing age were more at risk of having peritoneal involvement in our study. Keywords: Acuteappendicitis, Peritonitis, Risk factors, Frequency

scholarly journals Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy; an institutional study in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4741
Author(s):  
Ranjita Ghadei ◽  
Swayamsiddha Mohanty ◽  
Sushree Sovana Mishra ◽  
Debashis Giri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal death during the 1st trimester of pregnancy, accounting for approximately 10% of all pregnancy related deaths. A better understanding of ectopic pregnancy risk can help prevent its occurrence. The present study was designed to evaluate the ectopic pregnancy risk factors and their strength of association with ectopic pregnancy at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: It was a prospective study with 104 cases of ectopic pregnancy and 125 controls conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack for a period of 1 year. Detailed history suggestive of risks factor for ectopic pregnancy, menstrual and obstetrics history was taken. General, systemic, abdominal and vaginal examination was done. Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy was confirmed by clinical examination, urine pregnancy test, ultrasonography and culdocentesis and only confirmed cases were included in the study group. Healthy pregnant women were taken as control group.Results: The study revealed that the risk of ectopic pregnancy was associated with the traditional risk factors including previous EP [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 9.98, 95% CI: 0.89-11.1%], previous infertility (AOR= 7.29, 95% CI:2.53-21.0) and previous history of sterilization (AOR=12.47,95% CI: 3.50 - 44.4) and previous history of abortion (AOR= 3.10, 95% CI: 1.53-6.30). Age comparison between cases and controls revealed that the ODDS of having ectopic pregnancy was 4 times in the age group 30 to 35 years as compared to uterine pregnancy and this difference was statistically significant (P value = 0.007).Conclusions: Risk factors such as previous ectopic pregnancy, induction of ovulation, intra uterine device usage, abortion as well as increased maternal age along with recent diagnostic tools aid in early detection of ectopic pregnancy in women resulting in proper and timely treatment.

scholarly journals A study on risk factors, maternal and foetal outcome in cases of preeclampsia and eclampsia at a tertiary care hospital of South India

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Bandaru Sailaja ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Cooly ◽  
Bhuvaneswari Sailcheemala ◽  
Surayapalem Sailaja
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
History Of ◽  
Foetal Outcome ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Hypertension in pregnancy remains still a major health issue for women and their descendants throughout the world but remains a major issue in developing countries rather than developed countries. Eclampsia accounts for 24% of maternal deaths during pregnancy in India according to FOGSI study in India. Changing trends in pregnancy globally with increased maternal age of conception, assisted reproductive technologies has contributed a significant impact in the risk factors for PE and eclampsia. The present study was aimed to investigate and determine the related risk factors in cases of PE and eclampsia. The maternal and foetal outcomes with major complications of the women with PE and eclampsia were also studied.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study for a period of two years was conducted at a tertiary care hospital among antenatal cases and all cases of PIH were recorded and studied. Cases were managed as per the existing obstetric protocol after clinical examination and investigations. Detailed socio demographic data and history of risk factors were collected and entered into Microsoft excel sheet and analyzed. Maternal and foetal outcome were noted in the cases of the study.Results: The incidence of PE and eclampsia in the study was 43.3% and 10.8%, 25-35 years age group being the most common. PE and eclampsia was associated with BMI>30, parous women with previous history of PE, diabetes mellitus and more in unregistered cases. PE and eclampsia were more in Illiterates and socio economic class 2 &3. The incidence of maternal complications was 32.99% with premature labour being the common and in case of foetal complications prematurity was the commonest with 16 cases. The maternal mortality was very less with only 4.64% in the study.Conclusions: Pregnancy induced hypertension with PE and eclampsia still remains a major problem in developed countries. Good antenatal care with increased awareness and increased antenatal visits may help in reducing the incidence and maternal and foetal complications. Increased incidence among illiterates and low socio economic status group provides the target group to be directed against any medical measures and national health programmes.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated With Sino-Nasal Polyposis And Its Relationship With The Occupational Inhalants

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 290-293
Author(s):  
Qaisar Sajad ◽  
Ayub Musani ◽  
Faheem Ahmed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Nasal Allergy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Number Of Patients

Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with sino-nasal polyposis and its relationship with the exposure of occupational inhalants in patients presenting in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi. Study design and Settings: Cross-sectional study conducted at department of otorhino-laryngology Karachi Medical & Dental College and Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi for a period of two and a half years from October 2015 to April 2018. Methodology: Total number of patients included for this study were 221 patients with diagnosis of bilateral and multiple nasal polyposis with age greater than 10 years. Specifically, designed proforma was used for data collection specially in relation with occupation and exposure to different occupational inhalants and entered in SPSS version 23 for analysis. Results: There were 133 male and 88 female patient with a mean age was 36.16 ± 12.33 years. Mostly patients belonged to poor socio-economic status i.e. 133 (60.70%). Allergic rhinitis or nasal allergy was the most common risk factor present in 114 patients (51.6%) while aspirin hypersensitivity was the least common risk factor present in only 19 patients (8.5%). Most of the patients (76 or 34.4%) were related with one or the other form of agriculture and were exposed to different occupational inhalants like mud, pollens, animals and plants. Conclusions: Nasal allergy is the most common risk factor and occupational inhalant specially related with agriculture, poultry and pets are the common agents responsible for nasal polyposis in our local population.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with postpartum depression in two tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar: a comparative cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Hira Bakhtiar ◽  
Maria Malik A. Khaliq ◽  
Asif Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Siraj Jamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Postpartum depression has become a common complication in women in their postpartum period, affecting not only the mother but her child and her family. Due to lack of awareness regarding the subject it has been widely neglected, especially in Pakistan.Objective: To determine and compare the frequency and risk factors associated with postpartum depression in a public and a private tertiary care hospital in Peshawar.Materials & Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gynecology and Pediatrics OPD and Pediatrics ward of Rehman Medical Institute (RMI) and Gynecology and Pediatrics OPD as well as the vaccination center of Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC) over a period of 6 months (January to June 2016). The women were interviewed after obtaining informed consent during 1-12 months of their postpartum period using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as well as a pretested self-structured questionnaire. Chi Square test and binary logistic regression were used to determine the relative significance of various risk factors for PPD.Results: A total of 280 women were interviewed, 140 in each hospital, their ages ranging from 16 to 45 years. The frequency of PPD calculated at RMI was 62.7% and at HMC it was 37.3% (p=0.001). Risk factors that showed a close association with PPD included the level of education of women (p=0.008), family support (p=0.022), and history of previous trauma (p= 0.055).Conclusion: Postpartum depression is twice as likely to occur in a private tertiary care hospital compared to a public one, and appears related to educational status, family help, and history of trauma.Keywords: Depression, Postpartum; Postpartum Period, Mothers; Child; Breast Feeding; Childbirth

scholarly journals Prevalence, risk factors and causative organisms of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1348
Author(s):  
Manasi Patnaik ◽  
Kumudini Panigrahi ◽  
Banya Das ◽  
Basanti Pathi ◽  
Nirmala Poddar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
History Of

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is a relatively common condition occurring due to the morphological and physiological changes in the genitourinary tract during pregnancy. If left untreated, it may lead to acute pyelonephritis and adverse fetal and maternal outcomes. The objective was to determine prevalence, risk factors and etiological agents with susceptibility for ASB among pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic at a tertiary care hospital, Odisha, India.Methods: A prospective study with 200 pregnant women was conducted, over a period of 4 months, starting from 1st April 2017 to 31st July 2017. The mid- stream clean catch urine specimen was collected and processed in all the cases and other data were collected from the questionnaire given to them. The isolates from all the cases of ASB were identified and antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by Kirby- Bauer disc diffusion method and interpreted.Results: Prevalence of ASB in our study was 25.3%, with maximum prevalence among age group 21-30 yrs, during 3rd trimester, among multigravidae. Previous history of urinary tract infection (UTI), anaemia and diabetes have significant association with ASB. Klebsiella spp. was the predominant isolate in this study followed by Escherichia coli. Nitrofurantoin and Cefixime are safe and effective antibiotics against urinary pathogens in pregnancy.Conclusions: Undiagnosed and untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria is associated with complications during pregnancy. Hence routine screening of antenatal women for ASB during all trimesters must be considered for preventing the adverse maternal and foetal outcomes particularly with known risk factors like increasing age, multiparity and previous history of UTI.  

scholarly journals Study of pregnancy outcome of threatened abortion and its correlation with risk factors in a tertiary care hospital of Mumbai, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4598
Author(s):  
Dipali S. Sivasane ◽  
Rekha G. Daver
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Threatened Abortion

Background: Early pregnancy loss is very common and, in most cases, it can be considered as nature’s method to select for a genetically normal offspring. Threatened abortion is a relatively common complication during pregnancy, occurring in approximately 20% of all pregnancies. Maternal age, Outcome of previous pregnancies, health of mother, any infection etc can be decisive factors in the risk of pregnancy loss.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study where patients admitted with threatened abortion were interviewed using pretested semi-structured questionnaire after the treatment. Outcome of pregnancy was recorded. Their basic socio-demographic data along with possible risk factors were recorded. TORCH Ig M and Ig G were done in all patients.Results: Out of 95 patients admitted with threatened abortion, 42 (44%) patients undergone abortion whereas in 53 (56%) patients, pregnancy was continued. Out of total 60 patients admitted with the complain of only vaginal spotting, in 39 pregnancy continued and in 21 patients pregnancy was aborted. (p-value<0.05). 50.52% were from age group of 21 to 25 years of age. It was also seen that after 35 years of age, significant number of patients aborted. Out of these 11 patients with high BMI, pregnancy was continued only one patient. Out of total 20 patients positive for IgM of toxoplasma infection, pregnancy was aborted in 13 (65%) patients. Out of total 15 patients positive for IgM of cytomegalo virus infection, pregnancy was continued in 11 (73.3%) patients.Conclusions: Patients of threatened abortion with only symptom of spotting per vagina have good chances of continuation of the pregnancy. Increased maternal age above 35, Overweight and bad obstetric history are also associated with pregnancy loss. Though there was no statistically significant difference it was evident that among all TORCH infections, IgM toxoplasma and Rubella are associated more with pregnancy loss.

scholarly journals Study of congenital malformation in tertiary care centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasannajeet Kokate ◽  
Roshni Bang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Management Options ◽  
History Of

Background: Birth defects are important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Congenital anamolies are defined as structural and functional abnormalities including metabolic disorders present at birth. There are several known factors that are associated such as maternal infection like TORCH, genetic factors, drugs, maternal age, Consanguinity. Screening in late first and second trimester is important tool to reduce the prevalence.Methods: A retrospective study was done. Data was collected and analyzed. Fetal outcome was assessed. Variables like maternal age, parity, consanguinity, abortions, sibling with malformation, nutrition, smoking ,alcoholism, family history of congenital anomalies, conceived after infertility treatment, maternal diabetes, infections, fever, drugs, history of intrauterine deaths were critically evaluated.Results: Out of total 5020 deliveries, 50 babies with congenital anomalies identified. Incidence being 0.9%, commonest congenital anomalies involving craniospinal system (44%). Second most common is musculoskeletal system (30%). Consanguinity is single most important factor which was found to increase the risk of congenital anomalies in our study. In 40% of the cases consanguinity was noted. Most common perinatal risk factors are preterm labor (22%), polyhydramnios (8%) and breech (16%). The fetal outcome was 80% of the babies were compatible with life and 20% were non compatible.Conclusions: In the present study, most of the mothers who had anomalous fetuses had risk factors like consanguinity and previous history of abortions. Hence the need for focused screening in this high risk category. A level II targeted scan is done at 18-20 weeks and again at 24 weeks to exclude anomalies and reduce the prevalence. Once an anomaly is detected, various management options are to be discussed with the patients in consultation with neonatologist, pediatric surgeon and neurosurgeon when necessary. If parents are willing to continue the pregnancy with compatible congenital anamolies in baby then pregnancy may be continued. But if the congenital anamoly is imcompatible with life then pregnancy should be terminated. This study was conducted to study the incidence of various congenital anamolies in babies and their possible etiological factors in the population visiting to tertiary care hospital at Mumbai.

scholarly journals 1174. Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae, a 5-Year Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S354-S355
Author(s):  
Darunee Chotiprasitsakul ◽  
Sirawat Srichatrapimuk ◽  
Suppachok Kirdlarp ◽  
Pitak Santanirand
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
Expected Increase ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Abstract Background Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has been increasing worldwide. Our objectives were to study the epidemiology of CRE and compare risk factors and mortality of carbapenem nonsusceptibility to ertapenem alone Enterobacteriaceae (NSEE) with nonsusceptibility to other carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, or doripenem) Enterobacteriaceae (NSOCE) at a tertiary care hospital in Thailand. Methods All CRE isolated from clinical and surveillance cultures were identified from December 2011 to December 2016. Quarterly incidence rate per 100,000 patient-days was estimated. Hospital-wide carbapenem consumption were calculated as defined daily doses (DDD) per 1,000 patient-days. Relationships between hospital-wide carbapenem consumption and incidence of CRE were tested using Poisson regression. Comparative analysis of factors associated with NSEE and NSOCE, and risk factors associated with 14- and 30-day mortality in patients with CRE infection was conducted in adult patients. Results The quarterly CRE incidence of unique patients increased significantly from 3.37 per 100,000 patient-days in the last quarter of 2011 to 32.49 per 100,000 patient-days in the last quarter of 2016. Quarterly CRE incidence increased 1.07 per 100,000 patient-days (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49–1.06; P-value for trend &lt;0.001). Quarterly hospital-wide carbapenem consumption increased 1.58 DDD per 1,000 patient-days (95% CI, 0.56–2.59; P-value for trend = 0.004). The expected increase of CRE incidence was 1.02 per 100,000 patient-days for a one DDD per 1,000 patient-days increase in carbapenem consumption (95% CI, 1.01–1.03; P &lt; 0.001). There were 40 patients with NSEE and 134 patients with NSOCE. In the multivariate analysis, lower carbapenem exposure was significantly associated with the NSEE group (adjusted odds ratio: 0.25; 95% CI, 0.11–0.56). No difference in 14-day and 30-day all-cause mortality between NSEE group and NSOCE group was observed. Conclusion The incidence of CRE has risen significantly over a 5-year period at our institution. The important risk factor for nonsusceptibility to other carbapenems compared with nonsusceptibility to ertapenem alone was previous carbapenem use. Our hospital-wide carbapenem use has significantly increased over time, and associated with the increasing incidence of CRE. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associate risk factors of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy with bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udayagiri Venkata Rohini ◽  
Gurram Swetha Reddy ◽  
Jithendra Kandati ◽  
Munilakshmi Ponugoti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
History Of

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is defined as the presence of actively multiplying bacteria, which is greater than 105/ ml of urine within the urinary tract excluding the distal urethra, at a time when the patient has no symptoms of UTI. Untreated and undiagnosed ASB is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. The objective was to determine the profile, prevalence, microbiological isolates with susceptibility, and risk factors of ASB among pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic at a tertiary care hospital, Andhra Pradesh, India.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study with 200 pregnant women was conducted for a period of 3 months from January to March 2016. The mid- stream urine specimen was collected and processed from all the cases and social and baseline obstetric data was collected. The isolates from all the cases of ASB were identified by standard biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by Kirby- Bauer disc diffusion method and interpreted as per CLSI guidelines.Results: Prevalence of ASB in our study was 30.5%, mean age of the cases was 27.3± 2.9 years. ASB was most common in 25- 30 year’s age group, during 3rd trimester and among multiparous and multigravidae. Previous history of UTI, pre-eclampsia was having significant association among cases with ASB. Escherichia coli was the predominant isolate in the study followed by K. pneumoniae, CONS (Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci), Staphylococcus aureus, citrobacter and Enterococci.Conclusions: Undiagnosed and untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria is associated with complications during pregnancy. Hence routine screening of antenatal women during all trimesters must be considered in preventing the complications and adverse foetal outcomes particularly with known risk factors like increasing age, multiparity and previous history of UTI.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension and Its High-Risk Factors among the Antenatal Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sony John ◽  
M. Vanitha ◽  
Athira Babu ◽  
Priya Sushma ◽  
Ashihrii Eloni Regina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective A hypertensive disorder during pregnancy seriously endangers the safety of the fetus and women during pregnancy. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and its risk factors among antenatal women. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of PIH and risk factors for PIH among antenatal women in a selected hospital in Mangaluru. Methods A descriptive study was performed. The study used the total sample size of 400 pregnant women attending the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient department according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria in a tertiary care hospital in Karnataka. The data was collected with a self-reported checklist. Data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS 23. Results The prevalence of PIH was 10.75% that is 43 antenatal women out of 400. In this study, 34.88% had a family history of PIH, 23% had a previous history of PIH, 16% had a history of gestational diabetes, and 20.93% had a history of thyroid problems. The most important risk factors found for PIH in the present study are the previous history of PIH (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.276, 95% confidence interval [CI: 0.125–11.836), family history of hypertension (adjusted OR=1.930, 95% CI: 1.130–3.296), and thyroid problems (adjusted OR=1.904, CI: 0.786–4.611). Conclusion PIH is a common medical disorder associated with pregnancy. We noted that PIH is more prevalent in those who had it in their previous pregnancy. PIH is associated with multiple complications in the mother and the baby and particularly preterm delivery. The timely intervention of regular antenatal checkups, nutrition, health education, etc., can reduce the severity of PIH.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document