scholarly journals Association between Sucrose Intake in Coke and Root or Coronal Caries among Teenagers

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1121-1123
Author(s):  
Syed Ammar Haider ◽  
Mohammad Irfan ◽  
Amina Rashid ◽  
Anooshay Ejaz ◽  
Afra Arslan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Root Caries ◽  
Sucrose Intake ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
High Sucrose ◽  
Carbonated Drink

Aim: To examine the associations between sucrose intake in coke and the prevalence of root or coronal caries in teenagers. Methods: Crossectional survey design was used to achieve the aim of the study. Participants with the age ranging from 13 to 19 years were recruited using consecutive sampling technique. 60 participants were recruited in the study who take coke as carbonated drink regularly. Results: The results revealed that there was a significant difference in the prevalence of teeth with root caries or restoration in terms of levels of intake of sucrose in coke (X2=6.205, P=.045). Teeth with root caries or restoration were found higher among participants with medium sucrose intake in the form of coke (58.33%). Teeth with coronal caries or restoration were found higher among participants with high sucrose intake in the form of coke (66.66%). Conclusion: A significant positive relationship was observed between sucrose intake in coke and the number of coronal or root caries lesions in teenagers Keywords: Root caries, Coronal caries, Sucrose intake, Coke

scholarly journals Emotional Bonding and Sexual Activity During COVID-19 Lockdown: A Cross-National Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 263183182110274
Author(s):  
Deblina Roy ◽  
Sujita Kumar Kar ◽  
SM Yasir Arafat ◽  
Pawan Sharma ◽  
Russell Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emotional Bonding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures have affected the sexuality and emotional bonding among the couple across the world. Objectives: We aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the married people’s emotional bonding and sexual relationships in 3 south Asian counties (Bangladesh, India, and Nepal). Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Bangladesh, India, and Nepal residents from April 3 to April 15, 2020. The survey was designed in English. The participants were selected through convenience sampling technique, the link of the online questionnaire was shared with the participants. Only participants older than 18 years and above, married, and living with their spouses were included in the study. Results: A total number of 120 respondents were included finally for analysis from the participating countries (India, Nepal, and Bangladesh). The mean age of the participants was 35.42 (±5.73) years; the majority were males under the age of 40 years and had completed postgraduation as their qualification. Among the study participants, more than half (53.8%) of the women reported being sexually active during the lockdown, whereas 41% of the men reported being sexually active. Among the sexually active participants, most women (57.7%) reported that they perceived positive emotional bonding with their partners. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference observed when compared with men. There are variations in responses. However, no significant association was identified. Conclusion: There are a few insights from the study, that is, there was no significant difference found in almost 3 countries in emotional intimacy. There had been a trend that there is improved emotional bonding with their partners, although no significant difference was observed.

scholarly journals Students’ Involvement in Social Networking and Attitudes towards Its Integration into Teaching

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Ukeme Ekpedeme Umoh ◽  
Etuk Nssien Etuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The University

<p class="apa">The study examined ‘Students’ Involvement in Social Networking and attitudes towards its Integration into Teaching. The study was carried out in the University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The population of the study consisted of 17,618 undergraduate students enrolled into full time degree programmes in the University of Uyo for 2014/2015 academic session. The design of the study was survey design with ex-post facto approach. Random sampling technique was used to select 1730 students from the 12 faculties in the University. The instrument used for the study was ‘Students’ Social Networking and Attitude Questionnaire which was validated by an expert in curriculum studies and an expert in measurement and evaluation in the University of Uyo. Cronbach’s Alpha Statistical method was used to determine the reliability coefficient of .70 for the instrument. Two research questions and two null hypotheses tested at .05 level of significance guided the study. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer research questions; Independent t-test and Analysis of Variance were used to test the hypotheses. The results show that there is significant difference in involvement of university undergraduate students in Social Networking based on course of study, level (year) of study and age. Female undergraduate students’ involvement in social networking is higher than that of their male counterparts; but male undergraduate students showed a higher positive attitude towards integration of social networking into teaching and learning.</p>

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE ROLE PERFORMANCES OF HEADMASTERS OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN EBONYI STATE SOUTH EAST, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 6-16
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Adequate Funding ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was carried out to identify the administrative role performances of headmasters of primary schools in Ebonyi state, southeast Nigeria. The study also identified the challenges faced the headmasters in performing their roles and strategies for handling these challenges. Three research questions were developed in line with the purpose of the study. Three null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted descriptive survey design. The population of the study is 1471 headmasters and 10,188 teachers, and the sample comprised 150 headmasters and 1000 primary school teachers from the area of study. This sample was drawn using multi-stage sampling technique. A–21 item instrument termed “Headmasters’ Administrative Role Performance Assessment Questionnaire” (HARPAQ) was used by the researcher for data collection. The instrument was first validated by experts and reliability was determined using Cronbach Alpha Statistics and the reliability got was 0.85. The administration and retrieval of instrument were through direct contact and use of research assistants with the respondents. Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation for the research question while z-test statistics were used for testing the null hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that all the 21 items were accepted by the respondents. Findings on the hypotheses tested revealed that there was no significant difference in the mean responses of headmasters and primary school teachers from Ebonyi state on the items presented. Adequate funding, prudency and accountability in fund management, regular leadership training of headmasters, formation of formidable umbrella union for the headmasters to always interact with government on issues of school funding and management, involving the PTA and community in school management among others were recommended.

scholarly journals Predisposing Factors of Recidivism as Perceived by Prison Officers in Kwara State, Nigeria: Implications for Counselling Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Lateef Omotosho Adegboyega
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Counselling Practice ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Faculty Of Education

ABSTRACT: Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study and a researcher-designed questionnaire tagged PFRQ (Predisposing Factors of Recidivism Questionnaire) was used to obtain relevant information. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to select 250 prison officers from all the five prison centers in Kwara State, Nigeria. Findings showed that prison officers perceived factors, such as non-availability of employment opportunities for ex-convicts, problem of where to start a new life after release from prison among others. The results, further, revealed significant difference in predisposing factors of recidivism as perceived by prison officers based on years in service, but no significant difference was found based on gender. It was recommended that counsellors should endeavour to beam their searchlight into issues of crime, imprisonment, and recidivism; counsellors should also liaise with different NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations), including faith-based to assist released offenders to achieve ease of re-integration into the society.KEY WORD: Predisposing Factors; Recidivism; Prison Officers; Kwara State in Nigeria. ABSTRAKSI: “Faktor-faktor Predisposisi Residivisme yang Dipersepsikan oleh Petugas Penjara di Negara Bagian Kwara, Nigeria: Implikasi bagi Praktek Konseling”. Desain survei deskriptif diadopsi untuk penelitian ini dan kuesioner yang dirancang oleh peneliti yang diberi label PFRQ (Faktor-faktor Predisposisi Kuesioner Residivisme) digunakan untuk memperoleh informasi yang relevan. Teknik pengambilan sampel multi-tahap diadopsi untuk memilih 250 petugas penjara dari semua lima pusat penjara di Negara Bagian Kwara, Nigeria. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa petugas penjara memahami faktor-faktor, seperti tidak tersedianya kesempatan kerja bagi mantan narapidana, masalah dimana memulai kehidupan baru setelah dibebaskan dari penjara antara lain. Hasilnya, lebih lanjut, mengungkapkan perbedaan signifikan dalam faktor predisposisi residivisme seperti yang dirasakan oleh petugas penjara berdasarkan tahun dalam pelayanan, tetapi tidak ada perbedaan signifikan yang ditemukan berdasarkan jenis kelamin. Dianjurkan agar konselor harus berusaha untuk memberikan sorotan mereka kedalam masalah kejahatan, penjara, dan residivisme; konselor juga harus bekerja sama dengan berbagai LSM (Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat), termasuk berbasis agama, dalam membantu pelanggar yang dibebaskan untuk mencapai kemudahan integrasi kembali kedalam masyarakat.KATA KUNCI: Faktor Predisposisi; Residivisme; Petugas Penjara; Negara Bagian Kwara di Nigeria.About the Author: Lateef Omotosho Adegboyega, Ph.D. is a Lecturer at the Department of Counsellor Education, Faculty of Education UNILORIN (University of Ilorin), Ilorin, Nigeria. For academic interests, the Author is able to be contacted via e-mails adrress at: [email protected] and [email protected]      Suggested Citation: Adegboyega, Lateef Omotosho. (2020). “Predisposing Factors of Recidivism as Perceived by Prison Officers in Kwara State, Nigeria: Implications for Counselling Practice” in MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan, Volume 5(1), March, pp.1-14. Bandung, Indonesia: UPI [Indonesia University of Education] Press, ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online). Article Timeline: Accepted (January 15, 2020); Revised (February 21, 2020); and Published (March 30, 2020).

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KECEPATAN BERJALAN PADA PASIEN NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH MEKANIK SUBAKUT DAN KRONIK MENGGUNAKAN TIMED UP AND GO TEST

e-CliniC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Kalangi ◽  
Engeline Angliadi ◽  
Joudy Gessal
Keyword(s):  
Patient Group ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
T Test ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to know and compare the gait velocity between subacute and chronic mechanical low back pain patients using Timed Up and Go Test at Installation Medical Rehabilitation Hospital Prof. Dr R.D. Kandou Manado. This research used observational analytic design with cross-sectional study. The samples choosen using consecutive sampling technique. Data obtained from the gait velocity measurement using Timed Up and Go Test conducted by researcher. From this research obtained the average gait velocity in patient group of subacute mechanical LBP is 18.92 seconds and the average gait velocity in patient group of chronic mechanical LBP is 17.17 seconds. The results of independent t-test hypothesis testing showed that there is a significant difference between gait velocity in subacute and chronic mechanical LBP patients (p = 0.034). Conclusion, gait velocity in chronic mechanical LBP patients is better than subacute mechanical LBP patients.Keywords: Gait velocity, mechanical LBP, TUG testAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan kecepatan berjalan antara pasien nyeri punggung bawah (NPB) mekanik subakut dan kronik menggunakan Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test di Instalasi Rehabilitasi Medik RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik observasional dengan pengamatan sewaktu (studi cross sectional). Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Data diperoleh dari hasil pengukuran kecepatan berjalan menggunakan Timed Up and Go Test yang dilakukan sendiri oleh peneliti. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh kecepatan berjalan rata-rata pada kelompok pasien NPB mekanik subakut adalah 18,92 detik dan kecepatan berjalan rata-rata pada pasien NPB mekanik kronik adalah 17,17 detik. Hasil uji hipotesis independent t-test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kecepatan berjalan pada pasien NPB mekanik subakut dengan kecepatan berjalan pada pasien NPB mekanik kronik (p = 0,034). Kesimpulan, kecepatan berjalan pasien NPB mekanik kronik lebih baik dibandingkan kecepatan berjalan pada pasien NPB mekanik subakut.Kata kunci: Kecepatan berjalan, NPB mekanik, tes TUG

scholarly journals Assessment of Awareness and Preventive Practice of Corona Virus (COVID-19) Among Communities; The Case of Kaffa Zone, South Western Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Getachew Roba Agegnew ◽  
Seyoum Robo Gebremariam ◽  
Abera Haile Adello ◽  
Yasin Abafita Abawari ◽  
Abiyot Mamo Mergia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Specific Aspect ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practice ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Study Participants

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and resultant coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have evolved into a pandemic, requiring persons around the world to attend to rapidly changing messages about public health and take immediate actions. Related to this, community’s awareness toward the preventive practice of coronavirus is assessed. Hence, the purpose of this was to investigate the awareness and preventive practice among communities. Cross-sectional survey design was conducted among 400 participants. Simple random sampling, technique particularly lottery method was used to select the study participants. Data was collected by using questionnaire and observation. After the data was collected, data entry and analysis were done using SPSS version 26. Hence, data gathered using questionnaire and observation was computed by using simple descriptive statistics (percentage and frequencies). Regarding awareness level of communities 61% of respondents aware that covid-19 transmits from victim by hand shaking and close contacts. And hence, 37.8% of participants aware that awareness creation was done by health organization service centers. And hence, the findings in this study revealed that community’s awareness was high on each specific aspect of COVID-19 among the study participants. Communities are not still totally pay attention to aware about COVID 19, crisis. According to finding in this research communities wash their hand in order to prevent covid-19 better than the previous. Kaffa zone as well as stakeholders should have to provide ample information for all communities including urban and rural societies to aware about COVID-19 and practice how to prevent. 

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Teachers' Practices in Implementation of Early Childhood Care and Education Curriculum in Public Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 623-632
Author(s):  
Raima Mubashar ◽  
Aroona Hashmi ◽  
Fasiha Altaf
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Early Childhood Care ◽  
Childhood Care ◽  
Significant Difference

The study was determined to find the factors that affect the teachers' practices in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum in public schools. The study was quantitative in nature, and a cross-sectional survey design was used. All the ECCE teachers in public schools formed the population of the study. The proportionate stratified random sampling technique was employed, and 278 teachers were selected as a sample of the study. The data were collected using the questionnaire on factors affecting teachers' practices in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum. The findings showed that there is a significant difference on the basis of experience as p (0.000) ? 0.05 and an insignificant difference on the basis of qualification and class size as p (0.000) > 0.05. The study recommended that teacher training institutes of early childhood care and education should induct the curricula that are activity-based, and schools may provide better learning conditions in ECCE centers.

scholarly journals Contemporary Trend of Drug Abuse Among In-School Adolescents in Kwara State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Foluke Nike Bolu-Steve
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Orientation Programs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Refusal Skills ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Drug Refusal ◽  
Descriptive Survey

Presently, drug abuse has become a societal problem with its prevalence being found among adolescents in Nigeria. This study focuses on the contemporary trend of drug abuse among in-school adolescents in Kwara State, Nigeria. The study employed the use of a descriptive survey design. One hundred respondents were chosen for the study through the use of a simple random sampling technique from the three Senatorial districts of Kwara State. In total, three hundred adolescents participated in the study. The respondents were stratified on the basis of age and gender. In order to ascertain the validity of the instrument of this study, copies of the questionnaire were given to experts and lecturers in related fields for vetting. A reliability index of 0.75 was obtained using a test-retest method. The instrument used for this study was tagged “Trends of Drug Abuse Questionnaire” (TDAQ). The outcome of this research revealed that a significant difference existed in in-school adolescent’s perception on the contemporary trend of drug abuse based on age. However, on the basis of gender, the respondent’s perceptions were similar. Given these results, it is recommended that drug refusal skills as well as drug education be incorporated into students’ orientation programs.

KEJADIAN INFEKSI Trichophyton mentagrophytes TERKAIT PERSONAL HYGIENE ANTARA NELAYAN DENGAN PENGOLAH IKAN RUMAHAN DI WILAYAH PESISIR KOTA BENGKULU

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Dessy Triana ◽  
Azmi Nawaliya ◽  
Besly Sinuhaji
Keyword(s):  
Tinea Pedis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Significant Difference

Dermatofitosis adalah penyakit pada kulit yang disebabkan oleh golongan jamur dermatofita. Trichophyton mentagrophytes adalah penyebab dermatofitosis yang paling sering ditemukan di wilayah pesisir dan di negara tropis dengan tingkat higienitas yang rendah, seperti nelayan dan pengolah ikan rumahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis prevalensi kejadian infeksi jamur Trichophyton mentagrophytes terkait personal hygiene antara nelayan dan pengolah ikan rumahan di wilayah pesisir Kelurahan Sumber Jaya Kecamatan Kampung Melayu Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian analisis laboratorium dengan rancangan penelitian cross-sectional study. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 62 orang nelayan dan 62 orang pengolah ikan rumahan. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian menggunakan consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini  menunjukkan bahwa 71,4% kejadian dermatofitosis terbanyak adalah tinea pedis dengan 5,6% teridentifikasi sebagai Trichophyton mentagrophytes dan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan prevalensi kejadian infeksi jamur Trichophyton mentagrophytes antara nelayan dengan pengolah ikan rumahan (p=0,689). Angka kejadian tinea pedis yang tinggi harus senantiasa dilakukan edukasi untuk perbaikan kebiasaan hidup yang berdampak kepada peningkatan kualitas hidup para nelayan dan pengolah ikan rumahan.    Dermatophytosis is a skin disease caused by dermatophytic fungi. Trichophyton mentagrophytes (T. mentagrophytes) is a fungal species that is most often found in coastal areas because this species can last long on the sand beach and can causes dermatophytosis, especially for fishermen and home-based fish butchers. The research aimed to analyze the prevalence of Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection related to personal hygiene between fishermen and home-based fish butchers. The research sampling technique was used Consecutive Sampling. The research samples were 62 fishermen and 62 home-based fish butchers in the coastal areas of Sumber Jaya Village, Kampung Melayu District, Bengkulu City. The result showed 71,4% of the most prevalent dermatophytosis cases were tinea pedis with 5,6% identified as T. mentagrophytes. There was no significant difference between fishermen and home-based fish butchers in the prevalence of Trichophyton mentagrophytes infections (P=0,689). The high incidence of tinea pedis should be educated to improve living habits that have an impact o improving the quality of life of fishermen and home-based butchers.

scholarly journals STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPING SCIENTIFIC SKILLS AND ATTITUDES IN PHYSICS EDUCATION AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN EBONYI STATE, SOUTHEAST NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Physics Education ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
School Students ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scientific Skills

This study was carried out to identify the strategies for the development of scientific skills and attitudes in physics education among secondary students in Ebonyi state, southeast Nigeria. One research question was developed in line with the purpose of the study. One null hypothesis was formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted descriptive survey design. The population of the study is 2370 students and 87 teachers, and the sample comprised 600 students and 25 teachers of physics from the area of study. This sample was drawn using multi-stage sampling technique. An–11 item instrument termed "Science Skills and Attitudes in Physics Questionnaire" (SSAPQ) was used by the researcher for data collection. The instrument was first validated by experts and reliability was determined using Cronbach Alpha Statistics and the reliability got was 0.82. The administration and retrieval of instrument were through direct contact and use of research assistants with the respondents. Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation for the research question while t-test statistics were used for testing the null hypothesis. The findings of the study revealed that 9 out of 11 items presented are the strategies for the development of scientific skills and attitudes in physics education among secondary students in Ebonyi state, southeast Nigeria. Findings on the hypothesis tested revealed that there was no significant difference in the mean responses of students and teachers of physics from Ebonyi state on the items presented. Holistic reformation of the physics curriculum to incorporate the strategies, appropriate training of teachers to ensure quality transmission of scientific knowledge, skills and attitudes and provision of needed laboratory facilities, books and other learning materials by the relevant stakeholders were recommended.

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