Reaching for the Vulnerables: Assessing the Impact of Digital Financial Inclusion to the MSME Household’s Vulnerability to Poverty

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected most parts of society, one of which is the MSME household. Although various assistance has been addressed to this sector in the short term, a long-term strategy through digital financial inclusion is needed to reduce the vulnerability of MSME households to falling into poverty in the long term. Using data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey 2014, this study investigates the impact of digital finan-cial inclusion on the vulnerability of MSME households in Indonesia and in East Java. The OLS and 2SLS analysis shows that digital financial inclusion helped reduce the poverty vulnerability of MSME households significantly. Further logistic regression analysis also shows that the reduction of poverty vulnerability occurred both in the risk-induced and structural vulnerabilities. Based on the findings, this study recommends policy stakeholders to formulate a digital financial inclusion strategy as one of the alternative policies for poverty alleviation in Indonesia.

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Terrorism and tourism in Israel

Tourism Economics ◽

10.1177/1354816616686417 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 1343-1352 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Marion Karl ◽

Gordon Winder ◽

Alexander Bauer

Keyword(s):

Time Lag ◽

Research Model ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Event Tourism ◽

Using Data ◽

Terrorist Event ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

While the relation between terrorism and tourism has been an important topic for tourism research, the questions whether terrorism affects tourism immediately and how long after a terrorism event tourism recovers are, as yet, not clearly answered. The aim of this article is to better understand the magnitude and temporal scale of the impact of terrorism on tourism. To this end, a research model differentiating between short-term and long-term effects of terrorism on tourism is developed and analyzed for the destination Israel using data on tourists from Germany. The results show both short-term and long-term impacts with a time lag between the terrorist event and the beginning of tourism decline of 1 or up to 6 months. An economic influence on the development of tourist arrivals was not detected, but seasonality plays an important role in the relationship between terrorism and tourism.

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CORRELATION-REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF THE COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISE PRODUCTS

Young Scientist ◽

10.32839/2304-5809/2020-10-86-50 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (86) ◽

Author(s):

Volodymyr Ulanchuk ◽

◽

Olena Zharun ◽

Serhiy Sokolyuk ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Correlation Equation ◽

Regression Equation ◽

Short Term ◽

Flexible Tool ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Using Data ◽

Short Term Forecasting ◽

The Impact

The economic purpose of correlation-regression analysis is to determine the possible options for product competitiveness management, as well as an assessment of possible ways to achieve the desired result. The developed model can be used to improve planning and increase the level of product competitiveness. The forecast of results, though for the short term, gives the chance to learn about the prospects of obtaining the appropriate level of competitiveness of products in accordance with the degree of application of the impact on it. The forecast is dynamic and adapts to changes based on the latest data. The proposed model can be integrated into the existing decision support system to increase the competitiveness of products. In addition, correlation-regression analysis makes it possible to estimate the current situation using a regression equation. The mathematical reflection of the study of product competitiveness is the economic-mathematical model, which determines its functioning and assessment of changes in its effectiveness in the event of possible changes in the characteristics of economic activity. The parameters of economic models are estimated using the methods of mathematical statistics according to real statistical information. The task of correlation-regression analysis is to construct and analysis of the economic-mathematical model of the regression equation (correlation equation, which reflects the dependence of the resultant feature on several factor features and gives an estimate of the degree of connection density. Using data on the magnitude and direction of action of the analyzed factors, you can get the data that can be obtained to assess the relevant impact on the current level of product competitiveness. That is, such an analysis is a powerful and flexible tool for studying the relationships between product competitiveness indicators. The use of this method makes it possible to better understanding of the level of influence of factors on the competitiveness of products, and, accordingly, learn to manage the processes that take place, as well as more accurately predict their further interaction. These studies are important for the formation and implementation of management decisions to increase the competitiveness of products, because it narrows the choice of indicators with the greatest impact on its level. The ability to determine short-term forecasting of such impacts makes it possible to determine regional perspectives under the conditions of implemented measures.

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The Impact of Paternity Leave Compared to Unemployment on Child Care and Housework Distribution in Spain

Journal of Family Issues ◽

10.1177/0192513x211054469 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0192513X2110544

Author(s):

Gerardo Meil ◽

Jesús Rogero-García ◽

Pedro Romero-Balsas ◽

Vicente Díaz-Gandasegui

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

First Year ◽

Fertility Survey ◽

Short Term ◽

Family Obligations ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Paternity Leave ◽

Foster Father ◽

The Impact

Paternity leave has been introduced in many countries as a way to foster father´s co-responsibility in family obligations. This study aims \to analyse, for the Spanish case, if (1) the positive effects of the paternity leave are not only limited to the short term, but are maintained at medium and long term; (2) if a similar effect applies in the case of unemployment periods. Based on a subsample of 3388 cases derived from the Spanish Fertility Survey 2018, we perform OLS regression analysis of father´s involvement in childcare and housework. Our analysis shows that longer leaves are related to a greater involvement in care and housework activities, although only in the former, the effect is maintained in the long term. Regarding unemployed fathers, these individuals show more involvement in childcare during the first year, but the effect vanishes later and there is no significant relationship with housework.

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Migration and Dynamics in Men’s and Women’s Domestic Work

Journal of Family Issues ◽

10.1177/0192513x211055117 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0192513X2110551

Author(s):

Magdalena Krieger ◽

Zerrin Salikutluk

Keyword(s):

International Migration ◽

Family Life ◽

Domestic Work ◽

Work Hours ◽

Short Term ◽

Men And Women ◽

Before And After ◽

Using Data ◽

Immigrant Men

International migration of couples is rising. Still, there is little evidence on men’s and women’s domestic work hours before and after migration. This is despite the fact that domestic work provides deep insights into family life and, for migrants, is directly linked to integration. Therefore, this study examines how immigrant men and women change their domestic work hours following migration, using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). Our results show that domestic work hours increase for both genders after immigration. However, men are more responsible for running errands than women in the first years after migration. In the long term, the gender gaps return to the pre-migration state, with women shouldering a greater load than men. Accordingly, this study shows that migration only has a short-term impact on couples’ division of domestic work.

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SUMBER-SUMBER RESILIENSI PADA REMAJA AKHIR YANG MENGALAMI KEKERASAN DARI ORANGTUA PADA MASA KANAK-KANAK

Psibernetika ◽

10.30813/psibernetika.v11i1.1161 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Devina Calista ◽

Garvin Garvin

Keyword(s):

Late Adolescents ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Parental Affection ◽

Resilience Factors ◽

Childhood Violence ◽

Past Experiences ◽

The Impact ◽

Depth Interviews

Child abuse by parents is common in households. The impact of violence on children will bring short-term effects and long-term effects that can be attributed to their various emotional, behavioral and social problems in the future; especially in late adolescence that will enter adulthood. Resilience factors increase the likelihood that adolescents who are victims of childhood violence recover from their past experiences, become more powerful individuals and have a better life. The purpose of this study was to determine the source of resilience in late adolescents who experienced violence from parents in their childhood. This research uses qualitative research methods with in-depth interviews as a method of data collection. The result shows that the three research participants have the aspects of "I Have", "I Am", and "I Can"; a participant has "I Can" aspects as a source of resilience, and one other subject has no source of resilience. The study concluded that parental affection and acceptance of the past experience have role to the three sources of resilience (I Have, I Am, and I Can) Keyword : Resilience, adolescence, violence, parents

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Forecasting Revenue Impacts from COVID-19: The Case of Florida Municipalities

State and Local Government Review ◽

10.1177/0160323x211012056 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0160323X2110120

Author(s):

Hai (David) Guo ◽

Can Chen

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Short Term ◽

Fiscal Planning ◽

Revenue Structure ◽

Municipal Managers ◽

The Impact

Early in the pandemic, Florida municipal managers indicated that forecasting the impact on local revenues was one of their top priorities in responding to the pandemic, yet such a tool has not been widely available. This study offers simple and straightforward fiscal planning guides for assessing the short-term and long-term impacts of the COVID 19 recession on local government revenues by estimating the revenue declines among 411 Florida municipalities from FY 2021 to FY 2023. The forecast results predict revenues will be reduced by $5.11 billion from 2019 pre-pandemic levels for Florida cities in fiscal years 2021 through 2023. The decline is forecast to be 3.54 percent in FY 2021, 4.02 percent in FY 2022, and 3.29 percent in FY 2023. The revenue structure matters for estimating the revenue decline.

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Paleolithic Diet—Effect on the Health Status and Performance of Athletes?

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13031019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1019

Author(s):

Barbara Frączek ◽

Aleksandra Pięta ◽

Adrian Burda ◽

Paulina Mazur-Kurach ◽

Florentyna Tyrała

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Paleolithic Diet ◽

Short Term ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Impact

The aim of this meta-analysis was to review the impact of a Paleolithic diet (PD) on selected health indicators (body composition, lipid profile, blood pressure, and carbohydrate metabolism) in the short and long term of nutrition intervention in healthy and unhealthy adults. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of 21 full-text original human studies was conducted. Both the PD and a variety of healthy diets (control diets (CDs)) caused reduction in anthropometric parameters, both in the short and long term. For many indicators, such as weight (body mass (BM)), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), impact was stronger and especially found in the short term. All diets caused a decrease in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), albeit the impact of PD was stronger. Among long-term studies, only PD cased a decline in TC and LDL-C. Impact on blood pressure was observed mainly in the short term. PD caused a decrease in fasting plasma (fP) glucose, fP insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the short run, contrary to CD. In the long term, only PD caused a decrease in fP glucose and fP insulin. Lower positive impact of PD on performance was observed in the group without exercise. Positive effects of the PD on health and the lack of experiments among professional athletes require longer-term interventions to determine the effect of the Paleo diet on athletic performance.

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The Effectiveness of the Ecological Forest Rangers Policy in Southwest China

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12060746 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 746

Author(s):

Yifan Wang ◽

Dengju Wang ◽

Rong Zhao

Keyword(s):

Poverty Alleviation ◽

Southwest China ◽

Rural Poverty ◽

Ecological Effect ◽

Income Growth ◽

Future Research ◽

Linkage Mechanism ◽

Short Term ◽

Forest Protection

To achieve the dual goal of poverty alleviation and ecological restoration, the policy of ecological forest rangers (EFRs) was implemented in rural poverty-stricken areas in China, where local residents commonly depend on nearby forest resources for livelihoods. This study aimed to analyze the short-term and long-term effectiveness of the EFRs policy in China mainly in poverty alleviation and income growth, with a brief discussion on the ecological effect of the policy. A questionnaire survey was conducted in four counties in the Karst rocky desertification region in southwest China. By combing through the early literature on REDD+, community forestry, leasehold forestry, etc., this paper summarizes the experience and lessons of similar community forest management models, aiming to explain the unsustainability of EFRs policy from the perspective of forest tenure and governance. The findings of the effectiveness analysis of EFRs policy in the four poverty-stricken counties reflect different degrees of effect in rural households with different income levels. We believe that the EFRs policy has played important roles in short-term regional poverty alleviation while its potential for long-term income growth has not been stimulated. For the amendment of EFRs policy, we put forward the following points: (1) It is necessary to redesign the selection and recruitment mechanism, as well as the exit mechanism of EFRs adapting to the local conditions. (2) It is advisable to further improve the local assessment and monitoring system of forest protection quality of EFRs and optimize the establishment of benefit linkage mechanism between protection effectiveness and EFRs remuneration. (3) The EFRs remuneration standards should be dynamically raised to assure the active participation of EFRs in forest protection. Furthermore, there is a need for one more effective integration model of forest protection and rural livelihoods improvement, which is considered as a potential future research direction.

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Long-Term Development of Urban Agriculture: Resilience and Sustainability of Farmers Facing the Covid-19 Pandemic in Japan

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13084316 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 4316

Author(s):

Shingo Yoshida ◽

Hironori Yagi

Keyword(s):

Urban Agriculture ◽

Food Systems ◽

Direct Marketing ◽

Farming System ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Supply ◽

Using Data ◽

Urban People

The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has forced global food systems to face unprecedented uncertain shocks even in terms of human health. Urban agriculture is expected to be more resilient because of its short supply chain for urban people and diversified farming activities. However, the short-and long-term effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on urban farms remain unclear. This study aims to reveal the conditions for farm resilience to the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 and the relationship between short-term farm resilience and long-term farm development using data from a survey of 74 farms located in Tokyo. The results are as follows. First, more than half of the sample farms increased their farm sales during this period. This resilience can be called the “persistence” approach. Second, short-term farm resilience and other sustainable farm activities contributed to improving farmers’ intentions for long-term farm development and farmland preservation. Third, the most important resilience attributes were the direct marketing, entrepreneurship, and social networks of farmers. We discussed the necessity of building farmers’ transformative capabilities for a more resilient urban farming system. These results imply that support to enhance the short-term resilience of urban farms is worth more than the short-term profit of the farms.

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Methods to Reduce Traffic Speed in High-Pedestrian Rural Areas

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/1828-04 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1828 (1) ◽

pp. 31-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ali Kamyab ◽

Steve Andrle ◽

Dennis Kroeger ◽

David S. Heyer

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Speed Limit ◽

Single Word ◽

Short Term ◽

Speed Reduction ◽

Traffic Calming ◽

Reduction Strategies ◽

Long Term Impact ◽

The Impact

Many Minnesota counties are faced with the problem of high vehicle speeds through towns or resort areas that have significant pedestrian traffic. The impact of speed reduction strategies in high-pedestrian areas in rural counties of Minnesota was investigated. Speed data were collected at two selected study sites under their existing conditions ("no-treatment" or "before" condition) and after the proposed speed reduction strategies were installed. Second "after" data conditions were collected to study the short-term and long-term impact of the implemented strategies. The traffic-calming techniques employed at the Twin Lakes site consisted of removable pedestrian islands and pedestrian crossing signs. A dynamic variable message sign that sent a single-word message ("Slow") to motorists traveling over the speed limit was installed at the Bemidji site. The research study shows that the traffic-calming strategy deployed in Twin Lakes was effective in significantly reducing the mean speed and improving speed limit compliance in both the short term and long term. Despite proven effectiveness, the deployed speed reduction treatment in Bemidji Lake failed to lower the speed at the study site. The single-word message on the sign and the location of the sign, as well as a lack of initial enforcement, were the primary reasons for such failure.

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