scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION AND USE OF SUBSTRATES COMPOSED OF ORGANIC WASTE IN THE PRODUCTION OF Colubrina glandulosa PERKINS SEEDLINGS

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Victória Maria Monteiro Mendonça ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽  
Vitória Duarte S Silva ◽  
Ariovaldo Machado Fonseca Júnior ◽  
Sidinei Júlio Beutler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Urban Tree ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Substrate Fertility ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Tree Pruning ◽  
Organic Compost

Urban organic waste has been gaining prominence in the composition of substrates, as it is a source of natural nutrients and a sustainable alternative to mitigate environmental impacts caused by improper waste disposal. The aim of this study was to characterize chemically and physically substrates based on organic waste and to evaluate the development of Colubrina glandulosa seedlings using composted urban tree pruning waste. Treatments consisted of different proportions of organic compost (CP), soil from the A horizon (SAH), aged manure (BM) and vermiculite, kept in tubes (Citropote®) with volume of 1.7 L. C/N ratio, water holding capacity (10 hPa), electrical conductivity, macroporosity, microporosity and total porosity of substrates before their use were determined. Substrate fertility analyses were carried out before and after seedling production. During the development of the seedlings, height (H) and stem diameter (SD) were measured at 60, 90 and 120 days. At 90 and 120 days, the seedlings were divided into shoots and roots to determine the dry mass of each compartment, Dickson quality index (DQI) and contents of nutrients (N, P, K, Ca and Mg). After the analysis of the results, it can be observed that the treatments with high proportions of CP had better physical characteristics, but also showed chemical limitation in the development of the seedlings. Treatments based on BM, SAH and lower proportion of CP had the highest average results for H, SD, H/SD ratio and DQI. 

scholarly journals Quality of Organic Compost for Vegetable Planting

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Segatelli ◽  
Pimenta ◽  
Peixoto ◽  
Silva ◽  
Bosco
Keyword(s):  
Control Object ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Dairy Sludge ◽  
Tree Pruning ◽  
Organic Compost

Composting is a technique used to obtain a nutrient-rich, plant-like organic compost. Considering that there are few studies that shows the efficiency of these composts in the cultivation of vegetables, the objective of this study was to evaluate, in the cultivation of lettuce, the quality of the final compost obtained from tree pruning, dairy sludge and coffee grounds—compost 1; grass, dairy sludge and coffee grounds—compost 2; grass, dairy sludge, coffee grounds and boiler ash—compost 3. Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.) were planted for the study with the three composts and a control object-without compost, and a portion with NPK fertilizer. The evaluated parameters were plant growth, head diameter, leaf number, dry mass and fresh mass. The results shows statistical similarities between the organic fertilizers and NPK fertilizer in the evaluated parameters and the control plot presented inferior results to the other plots, emphasizing the need for fertilization at each planting.

scholarly journals Substratos no desenvolvimento de gramado esportivo “Tifton 419"

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Patrick Luan Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Regina Maria Monteiro de Castilho
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Medium Sand ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
The One ◽  
Plastic Containers ◽  
Organic Compost ◽  
Sports Fields

Bermuda grass are the most widely used today in high performance sports fields, the cultivar “Tifton 419” is widely indicated for installation in these areas, however, there is no official a recommendation in the literature of the best substrate for the implantation of this species, and research is needed to meet this demand. In this way, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of substrates in the development of the “Tifton 419” sporting lawn. The experiment was conducted in field with grass carpets implanted in black plastic containers (volume 8.46 L), in a completely randomized design with five substrates and 12 replicates, with treatments: soil (100%), medium sand (100%), soil (50%) + medium sand (50%), soil (33%) + medium sand (33%) + organic compost (33%) and medium sand (50%) + organic compost (50%). Macro and microporosity, total porosity, density, chlorophyll content (a + b) and fresh and dry leaf mass were evaluated. The results showed that there was influence of the substrate on the development of the turfgrass, with the medium sand (50%) + organic compost (50%) presenting greater increases of fresh and dry mass (1.09 and 0.44 kg m-2), which may lead to higher maintenance costs of the cut, and soil (33%) + medium sand (33%) + organic compost (33%) presented good results of the analyzes performed, being the one recommended for the development of the cultivar “Tifton 419” in sports fields.

scholarly journals CRESCIMENTO DE MUDAS DE Eucalyptus grandis UTILIZANDO LODO DE ESGOTO, FIBRA DE COCO E PALHA DE CAFÉ IN NATURA

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCOS VINICIUS WINCKLER CALDEIRA ◽  
Elzimar De Oliveira Gonçalves ◽  
Paulo André Trazzi ◽  
William Macedo Delarmelina ◽  
Rafael Luiz Frinhani Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Physical Treatments

ResumoO presente estudo teve como objetivo testar a utilização de lodo de esgoto e resíduos orgânicos na composição de substratos para a produção de mudas de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden. O experimento foi conduzido no Viveiro Florestal do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da UFES, em Alegre, ES, constituindo-se de delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis repetições e 10 tratamentos: 100% LE, 80% LE + 20% FC, 60% LE + 40% FC, 40% LE + 60% FC, 20% LE + 80% FC, 80% LE + 20% PCN, 60% LE + 40% PCN, 40% LE + 60% PCN, 20% LE + 80% PCN, e uma testemunha 100% SC. Foram realizadas análises químicas e físicas dos tratamentos e aos 90 dias após a semeadura determinaram-se as características morfológicas das plantas. Os resultados indicaram que a densidade aparente, a porosidade total, a macro e microporosidade, o pH, a disponibilidade de água, K, P, Ca, Mg e sais solúveis foram influenciados pela maior ou menor proporção de lodo de esgoto, fibra de coco ou palha de café in natura. O tratamento 80% LE + 20% PCN apresentou os maiores valores de altura, diâmetro do coleto, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca radicular e massa seca total.Palavras-chave: Biossólido; fibras vegetais; eucalipto; características morfológicas. AbstractGrowth of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis using sewage sludge, coconut fiber and straw of coffee in natura. The present study aimed to test the use of sewage sludge and organic waste in substrate composition for the production of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden. The experiment was conducted at the Forest Nursery Center for Agricultural Sciences UFES in Alegre, ES. It was developed in completely randomized design with six replications and 10 treatments 100% LE, 80% LE + 20% FC, 60% LE + 40% FC, 40% LE + 60% FC, 20% LE + 80% FC, 80% LE + 20% PCN, 60% LE + 40% PCN, 40% LE + 60% PCN, 20% LE + 80% PCN, and a witness 100 % SC. Analyses of chemical and physical treatments, and at 90 days after sowing we determined the morphological characteristics of the plants. The results indicated that bulk density, total porosity, macro and microporosity, pH, availability of water, K, P, Ca, Mg, and soluble salts were influenced by a greater or lesser proportion of sewage sludge, coir straw or fresh coffee. Treatment 80 % LE +20 % PCN presented the highest values of height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass and total dry mass.Keywords: Biosolids; plant fibers; eucalyptus; morphological characteristics.

scholarly journals Carbonized rice husk as an alternative substrate for Ocimum basilicum L. seedling production

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Mussa Mamudo Salé ◽  
Aline Soares Pereira ◽  
Hélio Lange Junior ◽  
Cristiane Neutzling ◽  
Patricia Marques Dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Alternative Substrate ◽  
Significant Difference

The substrate used in seedling production plays a major role in the initial plant development. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the emergence capacity and establishment of basil seedlings in different proportions of alternative substrates based on charred rice husk and commercial substrate S10®. The experiment was carried out in expanded polyethylene trays, using basil seeds (Horticeres seeds®), which lasted 28 days. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments (T1: 100 % commercial substrate (BCS); T2: 80 % BCS + 20 % Charred rice husk (CRH); T3: 60 % BCS + 40 % CRH; T4: 40 % BCS + 60 % CRH; T5: 20 % BCS + 80 % CRH) and three repetitions. Were evaluated leaf number, shoot length, root length, root dry mass, shoot dry mass, leaf area, germination, germination speed index, substrate physical analysis (density (dry and wet)), total porosity and aeration space, and chemical analysis (hydrogen potential (PH), and electrical conductivity (EC)). It was observed in the results that the substrate type interferes in the development and quality of the basil seedling. In the shoot lenght parameter, the treatment with 40 % BCS + 60 % CRH (T4) had a significant difference compared to the other treatments. Among the substrates, the best seedling performance was observed in the substrate with 80 % BCS + 20 % CRH (T2), which provided better seedling quality in relation to the other treatments.

scholarly journals Broccoli yield in response to top-dressing fertilization with green manure and biofertilizer

Revista CERES ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 645-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Bernardo de Freitas ◽  
Márcio Sousa Rocha ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Silva Santos ◽  
Letícia Monteiro da Silva Freitas ◽  
Leandro de Almeida Resende
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Protected Cultivation ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Organic Compost

The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive performance of broccoli under different top-dressing organic fertilizations. The experiment was conducted under protected cultivation, in a completely randomized design with four replications, with two plants per experimental unit. Broccoli seedlings were produced in a commercial substrate in styrofoam trays. The seedlings were transplanted to plastic pots containing 10.0 L of substrate made up of subsoil and organic compost at the ratio of 3:1 (v/v), respectively, which is equivalent to about 20.0 t ha-1 of organic compost at planting. After seedling establishment, the top-dressing fertilization treatments were applied: gliricidia biomass associated or not with liquid biofertilizer of cattle manure to the soil and bokashi. Two control treatments were established: one with mineral fertilization recommended for the crop and the other without top-dressing fertilization. The broccoli production was evaluated (commercial standard). Plants that received mineral fertilizer were more productive, however, they were not significantly different (p>0.05), by Dunnet test, from the plants fertilized with 2.5 t ha-1 gliricidiabiomass (dry mass) associated with liquid biofertilizer (2.0 L m-2) applied to soil. Top-dressing fertilizations with only gliricidia, at 2.5 and 5.0 t ha-1 of biomass (dry mass), resulted in no significant increase in production of broccoli inflorescence. The use of bokashi in addition to gliricidia biomass and liquid biofertilizer reduced the efficiency of the fertilization compared with plants that received only gliricidia and liquid biofertilizer.

scholarly journals Organic Compost of Swine Manure in the Production of Green Corn in Manaus, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Pamela Karoline Correia Brunner ◽  
Hugo César Tadeu ◽  
Carla Coelho Ferreira ◽  
Ana Cecília Nina Lobato ◽  
Aurinei da Silva Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Swine Waste ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Organic Compost

Pig farming is considered one of the activities with the greatest environmental impact due to the erroneous disposal of swine waste. The present work aimed to produce an organic compost using waste from pig production and evaluate its chemical characteristic, corn yield under doses of this organic compost and soil nutritional quality before and after the experiment implementation. The Corn was fertilized at sowing and 30 days after plant germination using organic compost from pig waste at the doses: 0, 2, 3, 4 and 5 t ha-1. The Corn used was CATIVERDE 02 and were seeded at 1.0 m spacing between rows and 0.40 m between plants, in a total area of 240 m2. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications and five doses of organic compost. The parameters evaluated for corn were: plant height, stem diameter, weight and corncob length. Fertilization with swine organic compost increases in soil P, K, Ca, even after the corn harvest. The best treatment was with a dose of 5 t ha-1, as it resulted in higher plant height (1.85 m) and corn cob weight (261 g).

scholarly journals Unintentional Vandalism: Unskilled tree pruning practices in tree management

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (16) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Helmi Hamzah ◽  
Noriah Othman ◽  
Norainiratna Badrulhisham ◽  
Lina Karlinasari
Keyword(s):  
Publishing House ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Structure Damage ◽  
Urban Tree ◽  
Tree Management ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tree Pruning ◽  
Open Access Article

Urban trees are exposed to "unintentional vandalism" during poorly skilled pruning practices that can lead to tree structure damage. This causes harmful consequences that affect tree performance in terms of the ecosystem services they contribute. This study aims to explore the relationship between unintentional tree vandalism and poorly skilled pruning practices in tree maintenance by analysing qualitative and quantitative data from tree workers contracted by selected Malaysian local authorities and tree care experts. The results showed that insufficient tree pruning knowledge leads to unintentional vandalism in tree pruning practices. Keywords: Tree management; unskilled tree pruning; unintentional tree vandalism; urban tree eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i16.2633

Multifunctional Bioceramic Composite Coatings Deposited by Cold Spray

2019 ◽  
Vol 813 ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Kiran G. Judd ◽  
Mala M. Sharma ◽  
Timothy J. Eden
Keyword(s):  
Cold Spray ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Composite Powders ◽  
Bioactive Coatings ◽  
Spray Process ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Before And After

Bioactive coatings have predominately been explored through plasma spray; but this technique has associated heat and melting of the feedstock materials thereby degrading the novel bioactive properties of hydroxyapatite (HA), as well as deteriorating the adhesion of the coating to the implant. The current study discusses a novel approach to producing biocompatible coatings that have been deposited at temperatures well below their melting point. The cold spray process was used to deposit 100 wt.% titanium (Ti) and composite powders with 80 wt% titanium (Ti) and 20 wt% hydroxyapatite (HA) onto Al6061, 316SS and Ti-6Al-4V substrates with the aim of achieving well-bonded homogeneous coatings; the effect of process parameters and substrate material was investigated. Preliminary results indicate the phase composition of the HA remained the same before and after synthesis of coating. Dense composite coatings were obtained with thicker coatings yielding the least amount of total porosity.

Soil fertility changes in a red-brown earth under irrigated pastures. III Water relations of the mat and surface soil

1967 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Rixon ◽  
BJ Bridge
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Equivalent Depth ◽  
Cultivated Soil ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After

The water relations of the surface mat of organic matter and the underlying 2.5 cm of soil from three annual and three perennial pastures of the same age were examined before and after mixing by cultivation. In either circumstance, the water relations of the 0–2.5 cm soil horizon did not differ significantly between the various pastures. The mats retained a considerable amount of water over a wide range of matric potentials. The organic carbon contents and amounts of water retained in the mats at –1520 J/kg matric potential were linearly related; at –9.8 J/kg and at –0.098 J/kg matric potentials they were linearly related, but the regression coefficients for mats from annual pastures were significantly greater than for mats from perennial pastures. Incorporation of the mat into the soil slightly increased the total porosity of the 0–2.5 cm soil horizon and changed the pore size distribution towards larger pores. Available water capacity (AWC) was defined as the depth of water held between the limits –0.098 and –1520 J/kg matric potentials. The AWC of the 0–7.6 cm soil horizon plus overlying pasture mat was less than that of the equivalent depth of cultivated soil with incorporated mat for all pastures. With the more conventional limits of AWC between –9.8 and –1520 J/kg matric potential, more water was available in the 0-7.6 cm soil plus mat than in the equivalent depth of cultivated soil, except in the case of an annual grass pasture.

Influência da Casca de Arroz Carbonizada no Desenvolvimento de Mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (VELL.) Morong

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Vinícius Moreira Vaz ◽  
Douglas Santos Gonçalves ◽  
Priscila Bezerra De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

Entre as espécies florestais nativas indicadas para a recuperação de áreas degradas está o Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong, pouco se sabe sobre os processos germinativos e de produção de mudas desta espécie. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da casca de arroz carbonizada no desenvolvimento de mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum. O experimento foi conduzido no Viveiro Florestal da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, campus Universitário de Gurupi – TO, em que foram instalados cinco tratamentos e 20 repetições, com adição de Casca de Arroz Carbonizada (CAC) no substrato comercial Bioflora® (SCB), nas proporções de (T1) 0% CAC + 100% SCB, (T2) 25% CAC + 75% SCB, (T3) 50% CAC + 50% SCB, (T4) 75% CAC + 25% SCB e (T5) 100% CAC. Aos 20, 40 e 60 dias, após a semeadura, foram avaliados os parâmetros altura da parte aérea e diâmetro do coleto. Ao final de 60 dias foram obtidos os parâmetros: peso da massa seca da raiz, peso da massa seca da parte aérea, peso da massa seca total e índice de qualidade de Dickson. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC), as médias dos tratamentos foram comparadas através do Software Assistat 7.7 pelo teste Scott e Knott ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. O uso de casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC) influenciou no desenvolvimento de mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. Palavras-chave: Substratos Alternativos. Tamboril. Viveiro Florestal AbstractAmong the native forest species indicated for the recovery of degraded areas is Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong, little is known about the germination processes and seedling production of this species. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of carbonized rice husk on the development of Enterolobium contortisiliquum seedlings. The experiment was conducted in the Forest Nursery of the Federal University of Tocantins, University campus of Gurupi - TO, five treatments and 20 replicates were installed, with the addition of Carbonized Rice Peel (CAC) in the commercial substratum Bioflora ® (SCB), in proportions (T1) 0% CAC + 100% SCB, (T2) 25% CAC + 75% SCB, (T3) 50% CAC + 50% SCB, (T4) 75% CAC + 25% SCB and (T5) 100% CAC . At 20, 40 and 60 days after sowing, the parameters of shoot height and shoot diameter were evaluated. At the end of 60 days, the following parameters were obtained: root dry mass weight, shoot dry mass weight, total dry mass weight and Dickson quality index. The used experimental design  was completely randomized (DIC), the means of the treatments were compared using Software Assistat 7.7 by the Scott and Knott test at the 5% probability level. The use of carbonized rice husk (CAC) influenced the development of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong seedlings. Keywords: Alternative Substrates. Monkfish. Forest Nursery

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