scholarly journals Sama Culture and Folk Narratives Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
Josephine May Grace Famoso
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Folk Narrative ◽  
Local Literature ◽  
Indigenous Group ◽  
Folk Literature ◽  
Cultural Texts ◽  
Folk Narratives ◽  
New Generation

The understanding of a folk narrative lies in the underlying principles that govern its composition. This study focuses on structures and culture found in the folk narratives of Sama, an indigenous group in Island Garden City of Samal, Philippines. The paper uses the theory on narratology by French-Lithuanian literary theorist, Algirdas Julien Greimas, and cultural theory by Bronislaw Malinowski to analyze the selected Sama folk narratives. The study reveals that the ten (10) Sama folk narratives collected do not completely follow the theory on narratology of Greimas. This is because the theories used are foreign and the folk literature collected are of local origin. Regardless of this, the study shows that Sama folk narratives reflected the ways of their people. Consequently, Sama folk narratives exemplify their cultural practices. They present social, economic, political, and religious practices. The leaders from the Sama folk were requested to validate the cultural texts gathered for this study. This research highlights the structure of Sama literature and illustrates Sama’s cultural heritage by gathering and analyzing their folk narratives so that the rest of the population (the new generation) could have the chance to experience their culture and appreciate it. Also, the researcher further emphasizes the relevance of gathering and using local literature to prevent it from vanishing into oblivion.

scholarly journals Folk Theater and History: Constructing Indian Identity through The Khyal of Amar Singh Rathore

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 2050004
Author(s):  
SHALINI ATTRI
Keyword(s):  
Performing Arts ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Folk Narrative ◽  
Folk Drama ◽  
Folk Theater ◽  
Indian Identity ◽  
Cultural Boundaries ◽  
Folk Literature ◽  
Folk Narratives

Folklores can epitomize the nation as a unifying principle crossing the horizons of regional divisions and subcultures. The connecting factors of folklores among regional and local levels give an understanding of manifold and contextual-based identities. The collective/coalesce of social memory is understood through the folk narratives. There is a cognitive and affective deliberation that structures the manner in which memory is interpreted. These narratives shape and reconstruct “identity” as they consist of a trans-subjective truth value providing ever new understanding of reality. The present research focuses on the Marwari folk Drama The Khyal of Amar Singh Rathoretranslated by Cecil Thomas Ault and folk performing art Khyal that constitutes meanings and symbols. Khyal, a popular folk dramatic art, is especially linked to martial and romantic ballads of Rajputana. It is indicative of the gap between past and present with spontaneity and originality and is seen as a transmissible entity with reference to the performing arts in the northern region of India. There is an exploration of the dynamics of the origin of the folk narrative of Amar Singh Rathore, a source of Rajasthani culture and identity thus paving way for the other folk narratives that form the pan-Indian identity. The folk literature draws cartographies of a nation or region giving a historical depth and continuity. The dissemination of historical folk anecdotes and their retellings are plausibly a move towards identification. The historical imagination and socio-cultural memory, mostly drawn from Rajasthani rural landscape, influences and reshapes history and culture of Rajasthan, thereby making it a historical artifact providing abidance and insights into folklore as a heritage/national construct. The research reflects and projects the values, feelings, ideas and identity of the groups which identify with and perform this art. Another dimension of the present study formulates an understanding of the forms and style of Khyal folk theater of Rajasthan and how The Khyal of Amar Singh Rathore communicates and travels through linguistic and cultural boundaries constructing new spatial cartographies serving as evidence of connectivity and consistencies.

scholarly journals ETHICAL CONCERNS REGARDING MALE CIRCUMCISION CULTURE: A SELECTED ETHNICAL GROUP

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 737-740
Author(s):  
Cabangile N. Ngwane
Keyword(s):  
Male Circumcision ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Community Culture ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Indigenous Group ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Hiv Aids

: Traditional cultural practices reflect values and beliefs of members of a community. Culture is an umbrella term, which explains common things people share such as language, customs, beliefs and the way of life. This paper seeks to look at male circumcision culture of a certain indigenous group in South Africa. Male circumcision is associated with ethnic marks, virility, masculinity, rite of passage to manhood however, there are many ethical concerns centering on male circumcision. Hence, this paper seeks to explore the ethical concerns surrounding male circumcision culture of a selected ethnical group in order to contribute to ethical execution of the practice. Little has been done on ethical issues surrounding male circumcision. The fallacy surrounding this phenomenon needs further investigation. The paper intends to contribute to the debate on male circumcision as a way of mitigating HIV/AIDS infections. The Social Norm Theory has been used to explain the phenomenon under study. The constructivist research paradigm enabled the interviewing of participants from the target population, as the study is inductive in nature. The key finding was that they do male circumcision mostly in an unethical way that it also affects women and children. They also do it based on the misconception and the fallacy that they will not get HIV/AIDS.

The specific characteristics of the "new Bosnian narrative" as exemplified by Karim Zaimović's short stories book Tajna džema od malina

2021 ◽  
Vol 2/2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
Antonina Kurtok
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Local Literature ◽  
Great Tradition ◽  
Iconic Status ◽  
Young Writer ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Ideological Context

The article is an attempt to describe the specifics of the „new Bosnian narrative” as exemplified by Karim Zaimovic’s short stories collected in the book Tajna džema od malina. The text synthetically presents the new generation of prose writers clearly referring to the heritage of the so-called „narrative Bosnia” (J. Kršić). The generation of writers contemporary to Zaimovic, which dominated the literary scene in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the last decade of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century, was united by a creative motivation generated by common experiences, which was a reaction to the tragedy of the homeland war. The article briefly characterizes the „new narrative Bosnia”, highlighting the great tradition of narrative (pripovijetka) in local literature. Narrative/Short story is considered to be the most important and valued genre, which in its meaning goes far beyond purely literary boundaries – it has played and still plays an important role in the cultural, social, political and ideological context. In the text, it is shown that Zaimović’s stories, compared with (anti)war writing, are distinguished by: the way of constructing scenes that make up the story adapted from comic art, the presence of fantastic elements known from the work of „Borges writers”, as well as a characteristic, humorous style –where the author deals with the absurdity of war by the use of grotesque and satire, and describes the Sarajevo apocalypse using numerous metaphors and allegories. Even though, Zaimović’s texts cannot be treated as a model or the most representative example of “the new Bosnian narrative“, their unconventional way of presentation of the main theme as well as structural and compositional innovation have earned them an iconic status. The circumstances of the stories, and above all the fate of the young writer, made him a tragic symbol of the drama of war in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Specific study of biblical parables in a pedagogical university

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
Elena Evgenievn Tikhomirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Semiotic System ◽  
Spiritual Quest ◽  
Artistic Process ◽  
Aesthetic Taste ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Cultural Texts ◽  
The Individual

The author of the article focuses on the analysis of specific methods and techniques for identifying the universal and unique cultural meanings of biblical parables in the study of the disciplines of the humanities cycle in a pedagogical university. The purpose of the article is to develop techniques for working with parables for practical classes in the cultural cycle at the Pedagogical University. Research methodology and methods. The work is based on the use of the methodology of the sociocultural and activity-based approach to the psychological development of the individual, as well as systemic and holistic approaches to education. When decoding the meanings of parables as texts of culture, it is proposed to use axiological, semiotic, cognitive and systemic approaches. The systemic culturological approach allows you to create conditions for the development of aesthetic taste, artistic thinking. Research results. As the scientific literature and the practice of teaching culturological disciplines at the Pedagogical University show, working with parables teaches us to personally and emotionally perceive the text of culture, to adequately assess the relationship in the system man-man and man-world, to recode the content from one semiotic system to another. Through the interpretation of the text, the individual creative abilities of students are developed, a steady interest in modern art practices is formed. Interpretation of the categories of culture, embodied in human and natural images of the transcendental, time, space, make it possible to essentially comprehend the texts of culture containing the plots of biblical parables. Conclusion. The consistent identification of the specifics of the study of parables in the context of the spiritual quest of a certain historical period contributes to the emergence of interest and the formation of a respectful attitude towards the cultural heritage, the values of world culture. Cultural practices of working with cultural texts contribute to an adequate understanding of the place of national culture in the world artistic process and its creative enhancement.

Catherine Belsey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela McCallum
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Country House ◽  
Action Films ◽  
Cultural Texts ◽  
Raymond Williams ◽  
Low Culture ◽  
Distinguished Research ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University

Catherine Belsey (b. 13 December 1940) is a British scholar distinguished in the areas of literary and cultural theory, Shakespeare studies, early modern studies, and feminism. Educated at the Universities of Oxford, Somerville College (BA), and Warwick (MA, PhD), she taught at the University of Cambridge (New Hall). Moving to University College Cardiff as a Lecturer in English in 1975, she was appointed Professor of English in 1989 and Distinguished Research Professor in 2002, a position she held until 2006. A Research Professor at Swansea University from 2006 to her retirement in 2014, Belsey holds an appointment as Visiting Professor at University of Derby (2014–2020). She is a Fellow of the English Association (2001) and a Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales (2013). Together with Terence Hawkes, Stephen Heath, Terry Eagleton, and others, Belsey became an important voice in the burgeoning interest in French theories in the late 1970s. Her books deploy French structuralist and post-structuralist theories to open up possibilities for innovative analyses of literary and cultural texts. Her achievement lies in producing a body of literary and cultural criticism that acknowledges its rootedness in a present moment and deploys theoretical insights to achieve nuanced readings of texts from earlier historical periods—research that connects her with the British cultural materialist criticism of scholars such as Alan Sinfield, Louis Montrose, and Jonathan Dollimore. For Belsey, “text” has a very broad meaning: art, sculpture, architecture, film, novels, drama, poetry, and other writings can all be read as cultural texts. In these assumptions, Belsey draws on the earlier writings of Richard Hoggart and Raymond Williams, who both questioned an elitist division of high/low culture and extended the meaning of culture to include a whole way of life. The breadth of references in her books is unquestionably impressive: medieval theology, eighteenth-century country house architecture, funerary sculpture, carvings on household furniture, Renaissance paintings, detective novels, contemporary action films, and even cartoons make appearances in her analyses. All of these, and more, offer perceptions into how cultures order themselves into what they assume to be dominant modes and also into to what they understand to be resistant. Her books on Shakespeare, Milton, tragedy, and desire all explore how cultural texts negotiate these pressures, tensions, and anxieties. Feminism and gender figure as important questions throughout her research. Belsey’s commitment to pedagogy and learning is evident in several introductory books accessible to nonspecialists.

Creolization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Etherington
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Caribbean Basin ◽  
Home Culture ◽  
Kamau Brathwaite ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Interdisciplinary Exchange

Creolization is a key concept in studies of cultural change in colonial conditions. Most typically, it refers to a mode of cultural transformation undertaken by people from different cultural groups who converge in a colonial territory to which they have not previously belonged. This was especially pronounced in the slave plantation economies of the Caribbean basin, where the indigenous peoples largely were wiped out or deported during colonization and the societies that replaced them were largely developed from the intermixture of transplanted Europeans and enslaved Africans. Creolization has been theorized in many different ways by scholars in disciplines across the humanities and social sciences. Three common features can usually be discerned among the diversity of uses found for the term: (1) Creolization involves a “double adaptation” as those arriving into a colonial territory adapt to the new environment and to each other. This usually is driven by those who have no prospect of returning to their home culture and who suffer the effects of racial domination. (2) Creolization has a “nativizing” trajectory according to which the cultural practices formed through the process of mixing and adaptation become a group’s “home” culture. (3) Creolization is incessant: it never arrives finally at a stable cultural compound, but continually undergoes further inter-culturation and transformation. That a diversity of disciplines have found productive use for the concept has made for both rich interdisciplinary exchange and a complex and often contradictory array of different understandings. To navigate the terrain, it is helpful to distinguish between maximalist and particularist positions and between analytic, descriptive, and normative modes of usage. Maximalists tend to abstract from the exemplary creolizing processes found in the Caribbean basin to think about how cultural mixing operates across a world shaped by globalizing imperialism. Particularists tend to stress the uniqueness of the Caribbean (and a small number of other colonial plantation contexts) and local specificities of intermixture, cultural practice, and identification. This polarity often corresponds to modes of interpretation and analysis: particularists tend to use creolization in a descriptive capacity, and maximalists in an analytic capacity. Normative uses can go both ways, affirming either the specificity of Caribbean cultural mixing or the condition of global modernity writ large as being one of mixture and hybridity. In the literary sphere, the contest between particularist and maximalist positions was starkly evident in a heated debate over the term Créolité. This was sparked when a group of male Martinican writers placed Caribbean Creole identity at the center of a creative manifesto. Literary studies of creolization have tended to borrow heavily from creole linguistics (“creolistics”) and cultural theory. For some, literary creolization is simply the literary use of a creole language. This places emphasis almost entirely on linguistic criteria. Cultural theory, and especially the speculative work of Édouard Glissant, has given others a way of thinking inventively about creolization as a space of cross-cultural cultural emergence. A quite different approach can be extrapolated from the historical work of the poet Kamau Brathwaite on “creole society.” In it, creolization is conceived not as a single process but as a totality of concurrent and interacting processes. Understood this way, literary creolization can be studied as one form of creolization within an ensemble of creolizing processes, one that proceeds according to the technical, formal, and aesthetic demands specific to literary practice.

scholarly journals Advocating for the Protection of Rights of Children and Women in Nigeria: An Appraisal

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (40) ◽  
pp. 48-65
Author(s):  
Nneka Umejiaku
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Women Abuse ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe protection of children and women in Nigeria is very critical because their integration in every sphere is a precedent to the growth and development of nations. However, they face diverse discrimination and violence because they are very vulnerable. The object of this study is to examine the rights of children and women by x-raying the various legal and institutional frameworks that provide for their rights, as well as dangers posed by taking their rights for granted. The work analyses factors that inhibit their protection and proffers a viable solution. In this paper, we adopt the doctrinal and empirical methods of legal research. The study discovers that despite a legion of legislation, children and women are exposed to many factors such as legal, social, economic, and obnoxious cultural practices. Further, the work reveals that inherent lapses are visible in our legal framework particularly the 1999 Constitution (as amended), Child‘s Rights Act and other relevant legislation. Accordingly, the work recommends for the eradication of factors that promote child and women abuse and review of relevant laws. The work further recommends for a serious synergy between the government and non-governmental organizations for the protection of children and women.

scholarly journals Using agent-based models to expand strategic functionality of the Kuzbass situation centers

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-307
Author(s):  
V. L. Makarov ◽  
A. R. Bakhtizin ◽  
E. D. Sushko ◽  
V. I. Abramov ◽  
D. S. Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Computer Experiments ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
State Management ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Visualization Of Data ◽  
Situation Centers ◽  
New Generation

Development of regional situational centres in the Russian Federation is one of the priority trends of digitalization which leads the organization of state management to a new level. Integration of such centres into a unified system of distributed situational centers will allow performing monitoring of social, economic and ecological spheres both locally and in the whole country which increases the efficiency of state management. The main difference of the situational centres of the new generation is the development of analytical unit which exploits the opportunities of economic and mathematical and computer modeling of social processes in the systems for maintaining of management decisions. Modern systems for maintaining of management decisions are able to maintain search and visualization of data and can be used for estimating the consequences of implementation of management decisions planned. Thus, within the regional situational centre it is possible to create a polygon for approbating management decisions and choosing the most appropriate options. The authors introduce the concept of agent-oriented social ecological economical model as a digital analogue of the Kemerovo region. The model is assigned for making computer experiments on forecasting social-economic and ecological indexes of the region under different conditions of outer environment and during realization of different projects. The tool can be developed further on depending on the region’s specificity and the current tasks of the local authorities.

Tangieren - Szenen des Berührens

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Response ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
The Arts

Scenic representations in the arts and cultural practices create countless forms of contact. Not only are film, theatre, opera, performance and exhibitions forms of expression that evoke tactile and emotional responses, that is, that allow us to touch or that touch us in some way, but so are cultural theory and philology. This is achieved just as much through closeness and detachment and illusions of immediacy, or of an infectious or spellbinding nature as through forms of imagery, conceptuality and corporeality. Based on the concept of touching someone emotionally and from both historical and systematic perspectives, this book examines scenes which affect their viewers in some way. How can the tension between loss of distance and modulation in the process of evoking an emotional response at the point where aesthetic behaviour and reception meet and interact be described?

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