scholarly journals Are Fresh Stillbirths from Caesarean Sections Associated with Socioeconomic Status? A Case Control Study at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Kenneth Chanda ◽  
◽  
Bellington Vwalika ◽  
Aubrey Shanzi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The University ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Stillbirths occur worldwide at a rate of 3.2 million per year. There is however lack of interest in stillbirths especially those from caesarean sections. The discrepancy of high stillbirth rates from caesarean sections in low to middle-income countries as compared to developed countries may indicate the influence of socioeconomic status. This study was designed to investigate if socioeconomic status is associated with caesarean section fresh stillbirths. Methods: The study involved 330 women who underwent emergency caesarean sections from October 2013 to August 2014. Of these, 110 were cases and 220 were controls. Data collection was done using an interviewer-administered questionnaire in the immediate postoperative period. Results: Low socioeconomic status was associated with increased odds of caesarean section fresh stillbirths. The association was however not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Injuries are not accidents: Towards a culture of prevention

2014 ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Bonilla-Escobar ◽  
Maria Isabel Gutierrez Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Common Misconception ◽  
Chance Events ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Culture Of Prevention ◽  
Vital Element

Injuries are the result of an acute exposure to exhort of energy or a consequence of a deficiency in a vital element that exceeds physiological thresholds resulting threatens life. They are classified as intentional or unintentional. Injuries are considered a global health issue because they cause more than 5 million deaths per year worldwide and they are an important contributor to the burden of disease, especially affecting people of low socioeconomic status in low- and middle-income countries. A common misconception exists where injuries are thought to be the same as accidents; however, accidents are largely used as chance events, without taken in consideration that all these are preventable. This review discusses injuries and accidents in the context of road traffic and emphasizes injuries as preventable events. An understanding of the essence of injuries enables the standardization of terminology in public use and facilitates the development of a culture of prevention among all of us.

scholarly journals Trachoma in Sudan: Case series from Two Eye Care Hospitals and a Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawan Sharaf Eldein Elamein Hassan ◽  
Mohamed Abdulmonem Salih Aabdeen ◽  
Razan Sharaf Eldein Elamein Hassan ◽  
Sagad Omer Obeid Mohamed ◽  
Fadwa Mohammed Saad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Household Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Hygiene

Abstract Background Trachoma is a common infectious cause of blindness worldwide. Although it has largely now disappeared from developed countries, it is still endemic in many developing countries. We aimed to highlight clinical stages and common related socio-demographic and household characteristics among patients with trachoma in Sudan. Methods A hospital-based case series descriptive study was conducted at Makah Eye Complex and Abdalfadeel-Almaz hospital in Khartoum, Sudan. We included all Trachoma patients from all age groups attending the two eye care hospitals in the period from 1st to 31st March 2015. Data was collected through clinical examination, hospital records, and face to face interview using a structured questionnaire, Also, we conducted a review of the literature to highlights the epidemiological aspect of trachoma in Sudan, using the databases of MEDLINE (PubMed) and Google Scholar. Results In this case series, we identified 125 patients with trachoma in the study period. Most of them were aged more than 50 years old (78.4%). Half of the participants (56%) were positive for active trachoma, 40.8% of them were having Trachomatous Trichiasis (TT), and 56% of them have Trachoma Follicles (TF). Majority of the patients have low socioeconomic status and poor personal and environmental hygiene (88%), (44%) and (74.4%), respectively. Conclusion Low socioeconomic status and poor personal and environmental hygiene are common socio-demographic and household characteristics among patients with trachoma. Despite the progress that has been made towards disease elimination, trachoma is still a public health problem in Sudan. Our review highlights the magnitude of trachoma and the progress towards its elimination in Sudan.

scholarly journals Food Insecurity and Preeclampsia: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaid Bigdeli ◽  
Golnaz Ranjbar ◽  
Lida Jarahi ◽  
Nayereh Khadem Ghaebi ◽  
Davood Soleimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

Background: Household food insecurity is defined as the limited or uncertain access to adequate and safe food or limited ability to obtain food in a socially acceptable manner. Preeclampsia is a severe case of high-risk pregnancy, which endangers the health of women across the world, especially in developing countries. The current study aimed to use the nutritional deficiencies theory in pathogenesis of preeclampsia and determine the correlation between food insecurity and preeclampsia. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 100 women with preeclampsia and 200 normal pregnant women with the gestational age of 20 weeks. Participants were selected via purposive sampling according to the eligibility criteria. Data were collected using the USDA questionnaire for food insecurity, socioeconomic data, and demographic data through interviews. Results: The findings indicated that the frequency of food insecurity was significantly higher in the preeclampsia women than the healthy women (71% vs. 21%; P < 0.001). Logistic regression indicated that the risk of preeclampsia was six times higher among pregnant women in the unsafe food status group than those in safe food status group [odds = 6.4; 95%CI: 3.3-12.4; P < 0.001]. Among the studied variables, socioeconomic status, history of stillbirth, history of preterm delivery, and ethnicity were significantly associated with preeclampsia during pregnancy (P < 0.05). In addition, women with low socioeconomic status were twice at the higher risk of preeclampsia compared to those with favorable socioeconomic status [odds = 2.7; 95%CI: 1.1-6.2; P = 0.01]. Conclusion: The current study indicated that the prevalence of food insecurity was high in Iranian women with preeclampsia, especially those with a history of preterm labor, history of stillbirth, low socioeconomic status, or non-Persian.

scholarly journals The impact of socioeconomic status on foodborne illness in high-income countries: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (12) ◽  
pp. 2473-2485 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. NEWMAN ◽  
J. S. LEON ◽  
P. A. REBOLLEDO ◽  
E. SCALLAN
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYFoodborne illness is a major cause of morbidity and loss of productivity in developed nations. Although low socioeconomic status (SES) is generally associated with negative health outcomes, its impact on foodborne illness is poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review to examine the association between SES and laboratory-confirmed illness caused by eight important foodborne pathogens. We completed this systematic review using PubMed for all papers published between 1 January 1980 and 1 January 2013 that measured the association between foodborne illness and SES in highly developed countries and identified 16 studies covering four pathogens. The effect of SES varied across pathogens: the majority of identified studies for Campylobacter, salmonellosis, and E. coli infection showed an association between high SES and illness. The single study of listeriosis showed illness was associated with low SES. A reporting bias by SES could not be excluded. SES should be considered when targeting consumer-level public health interventions for foodborne pathogens.

scholarly journals The World of Friendship Forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Pasi Björk ◽  
Jorma Halonen
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
The Town

The World of Friendship Forest project is located in the Finnish town of Salo, where the School of Uskela, Anjalankatu Unit has implemented various smaller projects in their nearby forest to engage students in meaningful and interesting activities which provide benefit for the whole town community. The school provides special education for grades 1 to 9 (ages 7 to 16) and the European Project Open Schools for Open Societies ( OSOS) projects so far have involved 60 students in total. The students of the school have extensive learning difficulties and behavioural and emotional troubles. Most students have a low socioeconomic status. Majority of the students also have low self-esteem.  From the point of view of students’ overall development, it has been important to provide them with socially significant activities and to provide students with experiences of success and sense of togetherness. The main partners in the project have been the sports office of the town and schools of Tupuri and Uskela, Kavilankatu unit and the University of Turku.

scholarly journals Association between sociodemographic status and pulmonary tuberculosis: a case control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4840
Author(s):  
Amandeep Kaur Ratta ◽  
Sanjay S. Kubde ◽  
Rupali Patle
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Community Controls ◽  
Control Study

Background: The case control study, an analytical approach of epidemiology is a very important tool to detect the strength of association of risk factors with a disease. The objective of the study was to evaluate association between sociodemographic profile and pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: This was case control study carried out in tertiary care hospital and urban field practice area from July 2010 to November 2012. Total 150 cases, 150 hospital control and 150 community controls were included in the study according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study participants were interviewed and examined according to the preformed and pretested proforma in the respective OPDs.Results: Mean age of cases was found to be 35.94 years and those of hospital controls and community controls were 36.12 and 36.08 years respectively. Maximum cases and controls were Hindu, married, from urban area and belongs to upper lower socioeconomic class. Low socioeconomic status was found to be associated with risk of pulmonary tuberculosis and this association was statistically significant (OR=4.45, 95% CI 2.53–7.82, p<0.0001).Conclusions: Low socioeconomic status showed significant association with pulmonary TB with both the control groups.

scholarly journals Trachoma in Sudan: Case Series from Two Eye Care Hospitals and a Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawan Sharaf Eldein Elamein Hassan ◽  
Mohamed Abdulmonem Salih Aabdeen ◽  
Razan Sharaf Eldein Elamein Hassan ◽  
Sagad Omer Obeid Mohamed ◽  
Fadwa Mohammed Saad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Household Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Hygiene

Abstract Background Trachoma is a common infectious cause of blindness worldwide. Although it has largely now disappeared from developed countries, it is still endemic in many developing countries. We aimed to highlight clinical stages and common related socio-demographic and household characteristics among patients with trachoma in Sudan. Methods A hospital-based case series descriptive study was conducted at Makah Eye Complex and Abdalfadeel-Almaz hospital in Khartoum, Sudan. We included all Trachoma patients from all age groups attending the two eye care hospitals in the period from 1st to 31st March 2015. Data was collected through clinical examination, hospital records, and face to face interview using a structured questionnaire, Also, we conducted a review of the literature to highlights the epidemiological aspect of trachoma in Sudan, using the databases of MEDLINE (PubMed) and Google Scholar. Results In this case series, we identified 125 patients with trachoma in the study period. Most of them were aged more than 50 years old (78.4%). Half of the participants (56%) were positive for active trachoma, 40.8% of them were having Trachomatous Trichiasis (TT), and 56% of them have Trachoma Follicles (TF). Majority of the patients have low socioeconomic status and poor personal and environmental hygiene (88%), (44%) and (74.4%), respectively. Conclusion Low socioeconomic status and poor personal and environmental hygiene are common socio-demographic and household characteristics among patients with trachoma. Despite the progress that has been made towards disease elimination, trachoma is still a public health problem in Sudan. Our review highlights the magnitude of trachoma and the progress towards its elimination in Sudan.

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