scholarly journals Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Toxicological Investigation of Morinda citrifolia L. Blossoms

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixin Deng ◽  
Brett J. West ◽  
'Afa K. Palu ◽  
C. Jarakae Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
History Of ◽  
Toxicological Investigation ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Noni blossoms have a long history of medicinal uses in tropical areas. This study was conducted to investigate the major phytochemical components, toxicological properties, and antioxidant activity of noni blossoms. An HPLC-PDA method was developed and validated for the identification and quantification of major components. The major phytochemicals were iridoid glycosides, deacetylasperulosidic acid and asperulosidic acid, and flavonoids, quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside and kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside, each present at 3.764, 3.576, 1.513, and 3.096 mg/g, respectively. The aqueous extract of noni blossoms, at 500 μg/mL, exhibited greater antioxidant activity in the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay than green tea (88.11 ± 0.01% versus 76.60 ± 0.05%). A primary DNA damage test in E. coli PQ37 (SOS-chromotest) and a twenty-four hour brine shrimp toxicity test did not reveal any genotoxic or cytotoxic activity. These results provide a useful reference for the identification of noni blossoms as well as preliminary evaluation of safety and efficacy. Further evaluation of the potential applications of noni blossoms is warranted.

Evaluation of antioxidant and Anthelmintic activity of methanolic flower extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Vijaya Jyothi M ◽  
Bhargav E ◽  
Pavan Kumar K ◽  
Praneeth Gowd K ◽  
Ram Pavan S
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Total Flavonoids Content

Nyctanthes arbour-tristis is a shrub belongs to the family Oleaceae. The flowers of this plant are fragrant since the presence of flavonol glycosides. It has also been reported for the presence of β-sitosterol, iridoid glycosides, tannins etc., and known to have immunostimulant, hepatoprotective, antiviral and antifungal activities. In the present study an attempt is made to identify antioxidant capacity and anthelminthic potential of methanolic flower extract of Nyctanthes arbour-tristis. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by total phenolic content assay, total flavonoids content assay, free radical scavenging activity and reducing ability methods. Anthelmintic activity was evaluated on Perithima posthuma using Piperazine citrate as standard drug. The results obtained for the above activities reveals that Nyctanthes arbour-tristis shows considerable antioxidant activity for all the methods and anthelminthic potential at 300 mg/ml. Keywords: arbour-tristis; antioxidant activity; anthelminthic activity; Perithima posthuma; Piperazine citrate.

scholarly journals A Review of Medicinal Uses and Pharmacological Activities of Tridax Procumbens (L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Beck ◽  
Heather Mathison ◽  
Toma Todorov ◽  
Esli-Armando Calderon-Juarez ◽  
Olga R. Kopp
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Tridax procumbens is a very promising species that produces secondary metabolites reported to have a variety of medicinal uses including among others, anti-anemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anesthetic properties. This species has a long history of traditional use by different communities. This study aimed to review the scientific literature regarding the medicinal properties, biological activity and phytochemical components of T. procumbens, a member of the Asteraceae family that originated in Central and South America. An extensive literature review was done using Metadatabase EDS, MedLine (PubMed), Science Direct, Web of Science, Academic Search Premier, Scielo, DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals, JSTOR, and other sources to find information relevant to the medicinal uses of T. procumbens. At total of 130 studies were found that contained information about T. procumbens. Some of the papers were not included because of the relevance to this study, ending with a total of 111 relevant citations reported here. This review shows the importance of more studies to understand the potential of T. procumbens’ secondary metabolites for medicinal or preventive treatment, making it a promising ethnobotanical resource. This review provides important information of this species and indicates that this species could be an effective, safe and affordable treatment for some ailments, especially in tropical areas where this plant is native and widely distributed.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Principles of Tanacetum vulgare L. Aerial Parts

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malindra Juan-Badaturuge ◽  
Solomon Habtemariam ◽  
Caroline Jackson ◽  
Michael JK Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Rheumatic Arthritis ◽  
Tanacetum Vulgare ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Aerial Parts

The methanolic extract of aerial parts of Tanacetum vulgare L. (Asteraceae) and its fractions were investigated for antioxidant activity. The crude extract displayed DPPH radical scavenging effects with an EC50 value of 37 ± 1.2 μg/mL (n=3). Activity-guided fractionations of the crude extract resulted in the isolation of three antioxidant compounds; 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DCQA), axillarin and luteolin. 3,5-DCQA was the major constituent with antioxidant activity (IC50 = 9.7 μM) comparable with that of the standard quercetin (IC50 = 8.8 μM). Though the isolated compounds were previously known for their antioxidant effects, this is the first report on the identification of 3,5-DCQA from Tanacetum vulgare. The displayed potent antioxidant activity of the crude extract and isolated active principles is in support of the traditional medicinal uses of the plant for disease conditions such as wound healing, rheumatic arthritis and other inflammatory conditions.

scholarly journals Design and Characterization of Sodium Alginate and Poly(vinyl) Alcohol Hydrogels for Enhanced Skin Delivery of Quercetin

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Ludovico Esposito ◽  
Ana Isabel Barbosa ◽  
Tânia Moniz ◽  
Sofia Costa Lima ◽  
Paulo Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Interesting Property ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Skin Delivery ◽  
Potential Applications

Nature has led to the discovery of biopolymers with noteworthy pharmaceutical applications. Blended biopolymers have demonstrated promising characteristics when compared with their individual counterparts. Sodium alginate (SA) is a marine polymer that has demonstrated the ability to form hydrogels, an interesting property for the development of cutaneous formulations. Predicting the good performance of blended biopolymers, a novel series of hybrid hydrogels based on SA and poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA) were prepared. Quercetin, a natural polyphenolic flavonoid commonly found in fruits and vegetables, is widely known for its strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, thus with potential applications against melanoma, dermatitis, psoriasis, and skin ageing. Here, hydrogels were produced at different ratios of SA and PVA. The surface morphology, structure, interaction of polymers, the capacity to absorb water and the entrapment efficiency of quercetin were evaluated for the blended hydrogels. Targeting the cutaneous application of the formulations, the rheological properties of all unloaded and quercetin-loaded hydrogels revealed pseudoplastic behavior, evidence of non-thixotropy, good resistance to deformation, and profile maintenance with temperatures ranging from 20 °C up to 40 °C. The incorporation of quercetin in the hydrogel retained its antioxidant activity, confirmed by radical scavenging assays (ABTS and DPPH). The permeability of quercetin through the skin showed different penetration/permeation profiles according to the hydrogel’s blend. This behavior will allow the selection of SA-PVA at 2/1 ratio for a local and prolonged skin effect, making the use of these hydrogels a good solution to consider for the treatment of skin ageing and inflammation.

scholarly journals Synthesis of New Chitosan from an Endemic Chilean Crayfish Exoskeleton (Parastacus Pugnax): Physicochemical and Biological Properties

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2304
Author(s):  
César Burgos-Díaz ◽  
Mauricio Opazo-Navarrete ◽  
José Luis Palacios ◽  
Tamara Barahona ◽  
Yohanna Mosi-Roa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Degree Of Deacetylation ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activity

Chitin is one of the most abundant natural polysaccharides in the world and it is mainly used to produce chitosan by a deacetylation process. In the present study, the extraction of chitin and chitosan from the Parastacus pugnax (P. pugnax) crayfish exoskeleton was studied for the first time. Thus, the P. pugnax crayfish exoskeleton was converted to chitosan following the steps of depigmentation, deproteinization, and deacetylation. The produced chitosan (Chitosan-CGNA) was characterized in terms of the protein content, solubility, degree of deacetylation, viscosity, molecular weight, FTIR, SEM, XRD, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the obtained chitosan had a high degree of deacetylation (91.55%) and a medium molecular weight (589.43 kDa). The antibacterial activity of the chitosan was tested against bacterial strains relevant for the food industry and the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were evidenced with Salmonella tiphymurium (S. typhimurium), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Listeria. Monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes). Moreover, the Chitosan-CGNA showed an effect on DPPH radical scavenging activity, and its antioxidant activity was dependent on concentration and deacetylation degree. These results suggest that P. pugnax exoskeleton could be an excellent natural source for the production of chitosan with potential applications in the health system, and to prevent infections associated with pathogens strains.

Selection of Optimum Process, Solvent and Drying Method for Extraction of Antioxidants

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar ◽  
Duduku Krishnaiah ◽  
Awang Bono
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
High Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Pressure Extraction

Satu uji kaji telah dijalankan untuk pemilihan proses optimum, pelarut, dan teknik pengeringan bagi pengekstrakan antioksidan daripada buah Morinda citrifolia. Pengekstrakan telah dijalankan dengan soxhlet, ultrasonik dan tekanan tinggi hidrostatik yang diubahsuai pada 100 bar dan 50°C dengan 15 gram serbuk Morinda dalam 200 ml pelarut. Pelarut yang telah digunakan ialah air, etanol, dan etil asetat. Hasil penurasan kemudiannya dikeringkan melalui vakum dan pengering semburan. Aktiviti antioksidan atau peratusan ekstrak perencatan ditentukan dengan radikal Di-Phenyl picryl hydrazyl. Hasil ekstrak juga telah ditentukan dalam kajian ini. Pengoptimuman telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan kaedah gerak balas permukaan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa, aktiviti antioksidan atau peratusan perencatan DPPH radikel bebas yang paling tinggi dipamerkan daripada ekstrak yang diperolehi dari proses HHPE dengan etil asetat sebagai pelarut yang dikeringkan melalui vakum. Daripada kajian ini juga, hasil ekstrak yang tertinggi diperolehi melalui proses HHPE pada 100 bar dan 50°C, di mana etil asetat digunakan sebagai pelarut dengan teknik pengeringan vakum. Di samping itu, didapati juga bahawa keadaan pengekstrakan dan pelarut secara langsungnya memberi kesan kepada pengekstrakan antioksidan daripada buah Morinda citrifolia jika dibandingkan dengan teknik pengeringan. Kata kunci: Aktiviti antioksidan, radikel DPPH, pengekstrakan tekanan tinggi, Morinda citrifolia, pengekstrakan ultrasonik, pengekstrakan soxhlet An experimental study was performed for optimum process, solvent and drying method for the extraction of antioxidants from Morinda citrifolia fruit. Extractions were performed by soxhlet, ultrasonic and modified version of high hydrostatic pressure extraction at 100 bar and 50°C with 15 grams of powdered morinda in 200 ml of solvent. Water, ethanol and ethyl acetate were used as solvents. The filtrate was dried by vacuum and spray dryers. The antioxidant activity or inhibiton percentage of the extracts was determined by Di-Phenyl picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging method. The yield was also determined. Optimization was performed using response surface methodology. It was found that the highest antioxidant activity or inhibition percentage of DPPH free radicals was exhibited by the extract obtained from HHPE process with ethyl acetate as solvent and vacuum dried. It was also found that the highest yield was obtained from HHPE process at 100 bar and 50°C with ethanol as solvent and vacuum dried. It was noted that the nature of the process and the solvent used significantly contributed to the extraction of antioxidants from Morinda citrifolia fruit when compared with the drying methods. Key words: Antioxidant activity, DPPH radical scavenging method, high hydrostatic pressure extraction, Morinda citrifolia, ultrasonic extraction, soxhlet extraction

scholarly journals Synthesis, in vitro safety and antioxidant activity of new pyrrole hydrazones

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Tzankova ◽  
Stanislava Vladimirova ◽  
Denitsa Aluani ◽  
Yordan Yordanov ◽  
Lily Peikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Hemolysis Assay ◽  
Lipinski’S Rule ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
New Compounds

AbstractSix new N-pyrrolylhydrazide hydrazones were synthesized under micro synthesis conditions, assuring about 59–93 % yield, low harmful emissions and reagent economy. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by melting points, TLC characteristics, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral data followed by MS data. The purity of the obtained compounds was proven by the corresponding elemental analyses. “Lipinski’s rule of five” parameters were applied for preliminary evaluation of the pharmacokinetic properties of the target molecules. The initial in vitro safety screening for cytotoxicity (on HepG2 cells) and hemocompatibility (hemolysis assay) showed good safety of the new compounds, where ethyl 5-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(1-(2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-hydrazineyl)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)-2-methyl-1H-pyr-role-3-carboxylate (4d) and ethyl 5-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(1-(2-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazineyl)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan--2-yl)-2-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (4a) were the least toxic. The antioxidant activity in terms of radical scavenging activity (DPPH test) and reducing ability (ABTS) was also evaluated. The antioxidant protective potential of the compounds was next determined in different in vitro cellular-based models, revealing compounds 4d and 3 [ethyl 5-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(1-hydrazineyl-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)-2-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate] as the most promising compounds, with 4d having better safety profile.

scholarly journals Validation of a HPLC Method for Flavonoid Contents in Spina Gleditsiae and Its Use to Illustrate the Various Quality of Cultivated Varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2094625
Author(s):  
Jiangxia Hu ◽  
Jiayu Gao
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide

Two cultivated varieties of Gleditsia sinensis Lam, Shuo Spina Gleditsiae (SSG) and Mi Spina Gleditsiae (MSG), are currently used in China as a mixture of the herb Spina Gleditsia. This work evaluates, for the first time, the difference in cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, and flavonoid contents between SSG and MSG. Quantification of bioactive flavonoids in the samples was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Total antioxidant activity and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid free radical scavenging assays were used, and the growth inhibitory effects on cancer cells were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Epicatechin, isovitexin, fisetin, fustin, quercetin, and aromadendrin were qualified and quantified; much higher amounts were found in the extract of SSG than that of MSG. In antioxidant assays, SSG extracts presented stronger effects than those of MSG. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of SSG were 46.2 and 47.8 μg/mL, compared with 70.5 and 73.0 μg/mL for MSG against EC109 and HepG2 cancer cells, respectively. It thus brings concern about potential quality issues regarding efficacy, safety for healthy food production, and potential medicinal uses.

PHARMACOGNOSTIC, ANTIOXIDANT AND ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY OF Ficus sycomorus (Linn) (Moraceae) ROOT AND STEM BARK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-614
Author(s):  
Murtala M. Namadina ◽  
H. Haruna ◽  
U. Sanusi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Radical Scavenging Ability ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Most of biochemical reactions in the body generates Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are involved in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress-related disorders like diabetes, nephrotoxicity, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, inflammation and neurological disorders when they attack biochemical molecules like proteins, lipids and nucleic acid. Antioxidants are used to protect the cells or tissues against potential attack by ROS. Most medicinal plants possess a rich source of antioxidants such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, alkaloids among others. These phytochemicals are currently pursued as an alternative and complimentary drug. In this study, phytochemical components, antioxidant and acute toxicity study of the methanol extract of stem bark and root of F. sycomorus were carried out using standard methods. Findings from this study revealed the presence of some diagnostic microscopical features such as calcium oxalate, starch, gum/mucilage, lignin, Aleurone grain, suberized/Cuticular cell wall and inulin but calcium carbonate was absent in stem bark but present in the powdered root. Quantitative physical constants include moisture contents (6.40% and 7.82%), ash value (7.20% and 9.30 %) in stem bark and root respectively. Carbohydrates, alkaloid, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycoside, steroid, triterpenes and phenols were present in all the extracts. They were found to exhibit potent 1,1,-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free scavenging activity. The DPPH radical scavenging ability of the extracts showed the following trend Ascorbic acid < stem bark extract˃ root extract. The LD50 of the methanolic stem bark and root extracts were found to be greater than 5000 mg /kg and is considered safe for use. Nonetheless, further

Assessment of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of crude extracts of verbena officinalis Linn root or Atuch (Amharic)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Crude Extracts

Verbena officinalis Linn is a traditionally known medicinal plant which is used against a number of diseases including inflammatory conditions. In this study its antioxidant activity (reducing powers, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities), ferric reduction activity potential (FRAP), total flavonoid concentration and antimicrobial activities of 80%, 90%, 100% methanol and chloroform extracts of V. officinalis Linn root and 90% and100% methanol leaf extracts were determined. Its antioxidant activity increases with increase in amount of extract (10% to 40%v/v). Total flavonoid content (TFC) varied from 73.32±0.002 mgQE/100g of dry weight (90% methanol) to 42.39±0.032 mgQE/100g dry weight (chloroform), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), radical scavenging activity (%) was varied between 87.39% (90% methanol) to 45.57% (chloroform) while Ferric reducing antioxidant power was observed between 372.93±0.04 mgAAE/100 g extract (90% methanol) to 129.41±0.026 mgAAE/100 g chloroform in the root extract. The methanolic extract of the leaf showed less antioxidant activity than the methanolic extract of the root. Crude extracts of V. officinalis root showed various degree of antimicrobial activity towards drug resistance microbial pathogens. Growth inhibition tests against bacterial pathogens demonstrated concentration dependence. Moreover, gram positive bacteria were more susceptible to V. officinalis root extract when compared to gram negative bacteria. In general V. officinalis root and leave extracts possess strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

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