Life

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-74
Author(s):  
Marc Crépon ◽  
James Martel

This chapter discusses not only how the fabric of relations binds people to all others, but also how its fissures are a part of the “nature” or the “essence of life,” at least “human life.” If it is true that all life, however it defines its belonging, is protected by the ideals and the institutions that constitute a common good for humanity, and if it is true, more importantly, that no one can elude murderous consent, then the paradox of murderous consent is that humanity's common good turns against life itself. Rather than merely accept, encourage, and promote the destruction of life, the fabric of relations that should prevent such annihilation assists it. All wars, all acts of violence, whether civil or between states, trample on the ideals of humanity, even as those who are responsible for the abuse proclaim these same ideals as their own. Nothing that safeguards life is immune from being invoked and exploited so as to effect this kind of reversal. This was the bitter conclusion—as expressed in his Reflections on War and Death—that Sigmund Freud reached in 1915 after the first of four long years of mutual devastation by Europe's nations. Stefan Zweig—in The World of Yesterday: Memories of a European, a retrospective on the war—came to this same conclusion regarding literature, though twenty-five years later.

Author(s):  
Alison Roberts Miculan

One of the most pervasive problems in theoretical ethics has been the attempt to reconcile the good for the individual with the good for all. It is a problem which appears in contemporary discussions (like those initiated by Alasdair MacIntyre in After Virtue) as a debate between emotivism and rationalism, and in more traditional debates between relativism and absolutism. I believe that a vital cause of this difficulty arises from a failure to ground ethics in metaphysics. It is crucial, it seems to me, to begin with "the way the world is" before we begin to speculate about the way it ought to be. And, the most significant "way the world is" for ethics is that it is individuals in community. This paper attempts to develop an ethical theory based solidly on Whitehead’s metaphysics, and to address precisely the problem of the relation between the good for the individual and the common good, in such a way as to be sympathetic to both.


Humaniora ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
Petrus Lakonawa

Religion is one of the most decisive factors in promoting the values and virtues of life in the community. Through religious teachings and practices, religion directs human’s perspective and the life of the community. In this article the author aims at discussing on how religions form their members’ worldview and perspective. The author will focus on the religious rituals, scriptures, and ethics. The purpose of this discussion is to raise the audience's awareness of the relevance of religion in human life and the importance of critical scrutiny of the content of religious teachings in order to promote common good for the whole creatures. 


2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-171
Author(s):  
Ove Korsgaard

Grundtvig's Educational Ideas - On tying bonds and cutting knotsBy Ove KorsgaardFormer reseach into Grundtvig’s ideas has concentrated mostly on his pedagogical ideas and the folk high school. A third category must be added - Grundtvig’s ideas regarding enlightenment.These ideas can be understood only in the light of the main complex of problems which occupied Grundtvig throughout his entire life, namely the question: What does it imply to be a human being, a human being in society and a human being in the world? The assignment is to »develop a complete enlightenment of man«, and »human life through thousands of years«. Grundtvig wanted to establish a school system based upon two columns: the people and mankind - a folk high school and a university.We now live in the era of the school - resulting in an individualization of man which may become dangerous if there is no agreement on »the common good«. Only true enlightenment will result in the triad between the individual, the people and mankind. The folk high school was to enlighten the people. The university was to be »a spiritual workshop«, striving towards a universal understanding and towards clarification. Grundtvig’s university was never established.However, in this time of globalization the need for research into Grundtvig’s ideas of enlightenment is as great as ever.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Luce Irigaray ◽  
Keyword(s):  

The distress of our world, and the danger in which we are today, force us to think about the way according to which life can still be saved, beginning with our human life. The undertaking of thinking must take root again in what is most essential for life itself, and for its cultivation. This requires us to question about the manner in which our tradition has assembled beings into a whole, but also the manner in which we can collect and gather ourselves together—each one and between us. Obviously, money cannot achieve such undertaking. Sexuate difference could if we become able to perceive and acknowledge its importance for human life, for its development, and for its sharing.


Diacovensia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 133.-154.
Author(s):  
Stanislav Šota

The paper analyzes the understanding of the pastoral and catechetical dimension of the bishop’s ministry in the documents of Pope Francis. In four parts, the paper presents the content and characteristics of bishop’s pastoral and catechetical activities, the mode of its realization and concrete contribution. Speaking primarily of the Jesus-like dimension of bishop’s pastoral-catechetical activity, the paper analyzes, it “stops” on Jesus’ face as the image and the synonym of bishop’s necessary evangelizing zeal, fervor and transformation. Jesus’ transformed face is a call, a mission and a need for the evangelizing, pastoral and catechetical transformation. The Jesus-like face speaks about the necessity of bishops being imbued with the principles and values of Jesus, about the necessity of their testimony and concrete love rooted in pastoral and catechetical activity. The second part of the paper brings concrete tasks of bishop’s ministry in the pastoral and catechetical sense: the incorporation of the Gospel in the socio-cultural environment, creating new models of pastoral-catechetical activity, promoting missionary communion, reviewing traditions, overcoming the “rural syndrome” in the pastoral-catechetical activity, the need to realize the bishop’s ministry in the dimension of “Jesus the Citizen” and “going out” to the peripheries, especially with a better family pastoral. In the third part, the author analyzes the pastoral-catechetical postulates of the bishop’s ministry through the prism of stronger inculturation, active, rather than re-active pastoral-catechetical activity, the overcoming of atheistic and anti-ecclesial culture of modern man, the need to preserve the original ways of incorporating the Gospel in the society, and the need for a stronger pastoral and catechetical inculturational involvement of bishops in their own dioceses. The fourth part of the paper points to the social dimension of the pastoral-catechistical activity of bishops, by stressing the need for bishops’ initiative to overcome evil and poverty that are present in the world, to deprive and eliminate their consequences, to point out their structural causes, with concern for ensuring health care for every person, the dignity of work, fair pay, protection of the dignity of human life, to contribute to and spread social dialogue as an essential dimension of peace and common good in the world.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Jesús María Dapena Botero

Lacan recomienda la lectura de Kierkegaard, un autor que Freud no cita, con lo cual nos invita a una experiencia transdisciplinaria sobre la noción de repetición, como elemento de lo inconsciente, en un intento de dar mayor profundidad filosófica al propio Sigmund Freud. Se parte de la pregunta de Kierkegaard si la repetición es posible. Para los presocráticos no era posible ya que el mundo es inmóvil para ellos, mientras para Heráclito estaba en un continuo devenir dialéctico, la cual se anticipaba a Hegel, filósofo bastante estudiado por Lacan. Para Kierkegaard, la repetición es la vida misma. Nasio nos muestra dos tipos de repetición: la sana y la patológica, asunto que tratamos de dilucidar aquí, de la que podemos liberarnos por la elaboración a través de la reviviscencia, síntesis de la inmovilidad presocrática y el devenir heraclitiano.Abstract Lacan recommends reading Kierkegaard, an author who Freud has not cited at all, which invites us to a transdisciplinary experience on the notion of repetition, as an element of the unconscious mind, in an attempt to provide greater philosophical depth to Sigmund Freud. Our starting point is Kierkegaard's question whether repetition is actually possible. For pre-Socratics, it was not possible since the world was immobile for them, while for Heraclitus, the world was in a continuous dialectical state of becoming, which anticipated Hegel, a philosopher Lacan has studied thoroughly. For Kierkegaard, repetition is life itself. Nasio shows us two types of repetition: the healthy one and the pathological one, an issue that we hereby try to elucidate. We can liberate ourselves from repetition by elaborating through reviviscence, synthesis of the pre-Socratic immobility and the Heraclitian becoming.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Omelchenko

The purpose of the article is to understand UNESCO's educational concept. It is established that education is a combination of worldview and innovative technologies. Education is about interdisciplinary synthesis. Education should bring results, benefits, a "common good" (bonum commune). The focus is on the concept of "lifelong learning". It is substantiated that education is a consequence of effective state policy and a component of the humanitarian security of the state. The concept of education, according to UNESCO declarations and reports, is, after all, a complex view of education as a tool for changing the world. Education is a "humane" weapon in ensuring quality transformations in the world. The function of the new model of education is to educate a humane person who is responsible for himself and the environment, a person who is socially responsible and a person who knows not only his rights but also his responsibilities. In this publication, we substantiate the position that the humanities cycle provides a culture of thinking in general, accompanied by the acquisition of critical and analytical thinking, the education of aesthetic taste, which is important for the formation of a harmonious personality. The modern concept of education tries to reconcile and combine a triad of such concepts as: "society-state-market". The criterion of knowledge is not the truth, but the benefit they bring. Theory should teach and open new opportunities for us. Today, education is a strategic priority for development and is seen as one of the key aspects of human progress, along with the social and economic aspects of such development. Knowledge has an expiration date. In order to be competitive, you need to learn throughout your life. Education is a common good (bonum commune) on the scale of social significance. Thus, education is not only a component of effective public policy, but also the foundation and guarantee of sound humanitarian security. The teacher is endowed with the greatest social responsibility, because it is on him that the progress of mankind depends. A teacher, a thinker, a researcher who is aware of his responsibility for the progress of civilization in the face of each student. It is established that an indicator of effective learning is the development of emotional intelligence. Interdisciplinary synthesis should determine the education of today. Education is and should be part of the futurological screenplay of human development. Our future is promising, full of accelerated development of new technologies, but at the same time, unpredictable. The reason for this unpredictability lies in the growing gap between the most developed countries and developing countries. Inequality in access to quality education is growing. Education is a public good, a necessary element of a harmonious human life, but at the same time it is not available to everyone. Accordingly, the goal of the entire intellectual world community should be the dissemination of knowledge and equal access to it. Knowledge without borders is the goal of the whole united world community. The most effective "agent" of the future is the field of education, education "works" for the future, determining the personal qualities of each person, his knowledge, skills, worldview and priorities of behavior, and accordingly – the economic and spiritual potential of civilization as a whole. Education is about the future and the present. About a person with knowledge, values, flexible skills, critical thinking that makes this world a better place.


CCIT Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-115
Author(s):  
Untung Rahardja ◽  
Khanna Tiara ◽  
Ray Indra Taufik Wijaya

Education is an important factor in human life. According to Ki Hajar Dewantara, education is a civilizing process that a business gives high values ??to the new generation in a society that is not only maintenance but also with a view to promote and develop the culture of the nobility toward human life. Education is a human investment that can be used now and in the future. One other important factor in supporting human life in addition to education, which is technology. In this globalization era, technology has touched every joint of human life. The combination of these two factors will be a new innovation in the world of education. The innovation has been implemented by Raharja College, namely the use of the method iLearning (Integrated Learning) in the learning process. Where such learning has been online based. ILearning method consists of TPI (Ten Pillars of IT iLearning). Rinfo is one of the ten pillars, where it became an official email used by the whole community’s in Raharja College to communicate with each other. Rinfo is Gmail, which is adapted from the Google platform with typical raharja.info as its domain. This Rinfo is a medium of communication, as well as a tool to support the learning process in Raharja College. Because in addition to integrated with TPi, this Rinfo was connected also support with other learning tools, such as Docs, Drive, Sites, and other supporting tools.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
ASTEMIR ZHURTOV ◽  

Cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as humiliate the dignity, are prohibited in most countries of the world, and Russia is no exception in this issue. The article presents an analysis of the institution of responsibility for torture in the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that the current criminal law of Russia superficially and fragmentally regulates liability for torture, in connection with which the author formulated the proposals to define such act as an independent crime. In the frame of modern globalization, the world community pays special attention to the protection of human rights, in connection with which large-scale international standards have been created a long time ago. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international acts enshrine prohibitions of cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as degrade the dignity.Considering the historical experience of the past, these standards focus on the prohibition of any kind of torture, regardless of the purpose of their implementation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-248
Author(s):  
Asep Saepul Malik

Kegiatan dakwah ialah suatu aktivitas yang mendorong umat manusia untuk memperkuat keyakinannya kepada Allah SWT dan agar umat yang belum memeluk ajaran Islam juga dapat memeluk ajaran agama Islam dengan menggunakan cara yang bijaksana melalui materi ajaran syariat Islam, supaya mereka mendapatkan kebahagiaan di dunia dan di akhirat. Pengajian pasaran kitab al-Hikam ialah suatu kegiatan dakwah yang di pimpin langsung oleh sesepuh pondok pesantren azzayniyyah ialah KH. Aang Abdullah Zein. Pengajian kitab al-Hikam ini di dalamnya membahas tentang permasalahan kehidupan manusia seperti masalah hati (qolbu), akhlak, iman, dan Islam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui penyampayan dakwah melalui pengajian pasaran kitab al-Hikam di pondok pesantren azzayniyyah dan untuk mengetahui pesan-pesan dakwah yang ada di dalam kitab al-Hikam. Landasan teori yang digunakan ialah teori M. Munir tentang dakwah bil-Lisan al-Hal. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif, ialah dengan menggambarkan keadaan sebenarnya melalui pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara, dokumentasi, dan kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dakwah melalui pengajian pasaran kitab al-Hikam yang di lakukan oleh KH. Aang Abdullah Zein di anggap cukup berhasil, karena jamaah memberikan respon yang baik atau positif dan jamaah yang hadir setiap bulan slalu meningkat atau lebih banyak.Da'wah activity is an activity that encourages mankind to strengthen his belief in Allah SWT and so that people who have not embraced the teachings of Islam can also embrace the teachings of Islam by using a wise way through Islamic teaching material, so that they get happiness in the world and the hereafter. Study of the market of the book al-Hikam is a missionary activity led directly by the azzayniyyah boarding school elders is KH. Aang Abdullah Zein. This study of al-Hikam in it discusses the problems of human life such as the problem of the heart (qolbu), morals, faith, and Islam.  Thep of this study is to determine the delivery of da'wah through the study of the market of the book al-Hikam in azzayniyyah boarding school and to find out the messages of da'wah in the book of al-Hikam. The cornerstone of the theory used is M. Munir's theory about the da'wah bil-Lisan al-Hal. This research method uses descriptive, is to describe the actual situation through data collection conducted using interview techniques, documentation, and literature. The results of this study indicate that preaching through the study of the book market al-Hikam conducted by KH. Aang Abdullah Zein was considered quite successful, because worshipers gave good or positive responses and worshipers who were present every month always increased or more.


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