scholarly journals Vine architecture and production control measures to improve the quality of the wine from Shiraz variety (Vitis vinifera L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. e0908-e0908
Author(s):  
Domingo M. Salazar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Color Intensity

Aim of study: Ssix thinning treatments were studied to improve the chemical composition and quality of grapes of cv. ‘Shiraz’ under two vine architectures (vase and trellis). Area of study: Spain (from 2015 to 2016). Material and methods: The following thinning treatments were applied during four consecutive crop seasons: T0, control; T1, removal of 33% of the clusters (75 BBCH stage); T2, removal of 33% of the clusters (85 BBCH stage); T3, removal of the leaves at the base of the branches; T4, removal of the leaves at base of the branches together with removal of 33% of the clusters; T5, grouping of green branches; and T6, grouping of green branches and removal of 33% of the clusters. Main results: All the treatments increased the luminosity and degree of polymerization, improving the color intensity and stability in the wines. In the musts, the levels of phenolic compounds (from 48.0 and 46.7 mg L-1 in T0 trellis and vase, respectively, to 66.8 and 68.9 mg L-1 in T6 trellis and vase, respectively), anthocyanins and sugars (from 22.0 and 22.1 mg L-1 in T0 trellis and vase, respectively, to 24.3 mg L-1 in T6 trellis and vase), were considerably improved. Research highlights: Treatments T6 and T4 reported the best results. Branch grouping was more efficient than leaf removal regarding the contents of phenolic compounds. With respect to vine architecture, the results point out small differences, but we recommend the application of the treatments, mainly T4 and T6, under vase architecture. The season effect was mainly observed in the fourth year, probably due to the climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of early leaf removal on Sangiovese (Vitis vinifera L.) under thermal excess and drought conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Sergio Puccioni ◽  
Giordano Martini ◽  
Alessandra Zombardo ◽  
Rita Perria ◽  
Mario Pagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Warm Summer

The early defoliation of the fruiting area is a technique that offers considerable advantages both in relation to the quality of grapes and to pest control; on the other hand, when a very warm summer occurs, the risk of grape sunburn may increase. This paper reports the results of a pre-flowering defoliation trial carried out in the province of Arezzo (Italy) in 2017, an exceptionally hot and dry year. The results confirmed the validity of this technique in limiting yield while achieving a concurrent higher concentration of phenolic compounds without increasing the risk of burns and radiative damages of grapes.

Behavior of Some Varieties in the Kernel Group to the Attack of the Main Pathogens

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sînziana Venera Morărița
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Complex Chemical ◽  
Complex Chemical Composition ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Special Quality

Abstract Although relatively recent, peach culture has grown great in our country due to the special quality of the fruit, its very complex chemical composition and the large production that can be obtained without much effort. Peach is a species slightly adapted to our climatic conditions, suffers from winter frost, but can provide productive and long productions of 10-15 years.

scholarly journals Impact of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the chemical composition, bioactive properties, and cytotoxicity of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Syrah grape pomace extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1856-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana R. Costa ◽  
Manuela Amorim ◽  
Ana Vilas-Boas ◽  
Renata V. Tonon ◽  
Lourdes M. C. Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Gastrointestinal Health ◽  
Bioactive Properties

Grape pomace (GP) is a major byproduct worldwide, and it is well known for its bioactive compounds, such as fibers and phenolic compounds, that are popular for their impact upon human health, including in gastrointestinal health.

scholarly journals The effects of leaf removal and artificial shading on the composition of Chardonnay and Pinot noir grapes

OENO One ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-777
Author(s):  
Isabella Ghiglieno ◽  
Fulvio Mattivi ◽  
Gabriele Cola ◽  
Davide Trionfini ◽  
Daniele Perenzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Sparkling Wine ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Potential Improvement ◽  
Artificial Shading ◽  
Positive Effect

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of leaf removal and bunch shading on the analytical composition of Pinot noir and Chardonnay (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes suitable for making premium sparkling wine.Method and results: Total bunch defoliation (TD) and different treatments using shading nets (TD1L, TD2L and ND1L) were evaluated in comparison with a test with no defoliation and shading (ND) over three seasons in the southern part of Franciacorta, one of the most famous Italian sparkling wine regions. Micrometeorological variables, yield components, musts and grapes chemical composition were evaluated. Shading practices lead to a delay in ripening and they improve the acidic content of must, thus resulting in a potential improvement in the quality of juice suitable for producing sparkling wines. Furthermore, this particular type of vine canopy management leads to changes in the phenolic content of grapes.Conclusions: From the results obtained it was possible to underline the positive effect - delaying ripening, preserving acid concentration and reducing flavonol content - of shading on the composition of Pinot noir and Chardonnay grapes suitable for making premium sparkling wine.Significance of the study: This study shows the importance of shading, because it delays grape ripening and thereby preserves the acidic content of musts and, specifically, deals with the problem of early ripening related to the climate change now underway.

scholarly journals The effect of grape ripening stage on red wine color

OENO One ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Belén Bautista-Ortín ◽  
José Ignacio Fernández-Fernández ◽  
José María López-Roca ◽  
Encarnación Gómez-Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Red Wine ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cell Wall Degradation ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Anthocyanin Concentration ◽  
Wine Color

<p style="text-align: justify;">The physico-chemical and chromatic characteristics of grapes (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Monastrell) harvested at six different degree of ripeness (from August 16 to October 24, 2002) and that of the wines obtained from these grapes have been studied. The grape anthocyanins content (mg/kg of berry fresh weight) was maximum in those grapes harvested on September 11 and 16 (804.1 and 822.6 mg/kg, respectively) and decreased for grapes harvested in October. However, the results showed that the grapes with the highest anthocyanin concentration did not lead to the highest colored wines. The wines elaborated from grapes harvested on October 16 (671.9 mg of anthocyanins per kg of berry fresh weight) had the best chromatic characteristics and better withstood aging in the bottle; the extent of cell wall degradation in overly matured grapes probably facilitated the extraction of phenolic compounds from skins. However, the chromatic quality of wines made from grapes harvested one week later (October 24, the most mature grapes) was lower than that from October 16, with lower color intensity (13%lower in the wine elaborated from grapes harvested in October 24) and a percentage of yellow color 6 % higher in this wine.</p>

scholarly journals Influence of leaf removal and reflective mulch on phenolic composition of white wines

OENO One ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Mirela Osrečak ◽  
Marko Karoglan ◽  
Bernard Kozina ◽  
Darko Preiner
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acid ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Phenolic Composition ◽  
Transparent Film ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
White Wines ◽  
Consistent Effect

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim</strong>: The aim of this research was to evaluate if leaf removal and red geotextile reflective mulch “Vitexsol” could affect phenolic composition of wines from three white cultivars, Riesling italico, Traminer, and Manzoni bianco.<strong></strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: A two-year study was conducted to evaluate the effects of leaf removal and reflective mulch on the phenolic composition of white wines from Zagreb vineyards in northwestern Croatia. Leaf removal (LR) and reflective mulch (RM) “Vitexsol”, made from weave of aluminum platelets protected by a transparent film and sewn together with red polypropylene threads, were tested separately and combined (LR+RM) on vines of Traminer, Riesling italico and Manzoni bianco in 2008 and 2009. LR and RM had no consistent effect on must sugar content and titratable acidity. All treatments resulted in higher total phenol and flavan-3-ol content in wines of all cultivars, but in different years. LR+RM generally resulted in the highest phenolic acid and individual flavan-3-ol content in all wines except Traminer. RM treatment had the least effect on phenolic composition of wines.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: LR+RM generally resulted in the highest content of most phenolic compounds, especially when compared to control wines.</p><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: This work provides some useful informations for adjusting vineyard practices and thus optimizing phenolic quality of white wines.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Extraction Conditions of Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) Fruits and Leaves on the Yield of Phenolic Compounds

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Nino Gamkrelidze ◽  
◽  
Giorgi Kvartskava ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Prunus Spinosa ◽  
Quality Of Food

Plant extracts used in food production significantly improve the quality of food. Chemical composition is the main prerequisites for the final use of plant extracts. The chemical composition of the extracts is affected by the extraction method and conditions - temperature, duration and solvent. On the basis of experimental data optimal conditions for the extraction of phenolic compounds from the fruits and leaves of blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) were selected. Among the extraction methods used in the experiment, the highest content of phenolic compounds in obtained extracts was observed during the ultrasonic extraction. A mixture of 0.25 parts of water and 0.75 parts of 96% ethanol showed best results from different volume ratios of water and ethanol. The optimal extraction time was 90 minutes. And the optimum temperature is 45°C. The total content of phenolic compounds in the extracts obtained by the abovementioned method amounted is 35.62±0.17 mgg -1(dry weight) for blackthorn fruits and 44,76 ± 0.08mgg -1(dry weight) for the leaves.

scholarly journals Influence of storage on the chemical composition of Stylosanthes hays for equine feeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Figueiredo da Costa ◽  
Aline Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Areano Ethério Moreira de Farias ◽  
Arthur Willian de Lima Brasil ◽  
Fabrine Alexandre dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Stylosanthes Guianensis ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Plot Design

During dry seasons, equines are traditionally fed hay. However, if not prepared under favorable climatic conditions and if not properly stored, hay does not preserve its nutritional value. The aim of this research was to evaluate the chemical composition in Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Mineirão and Estilosantes Campo Grande hay varieties, used to feed equines over 225 days of storage. Treatments consisted of Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Mineirão and Estilosantes Campo Grande hay varieties, assessed at six moments of storage: 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, and 225 days. The experiment followed a completely randomized split-plot design. In the comparison between varieties, differences (P0.05) over the 225 days of storage. The storage period had little impact on the nutritional quality of the assessed hays. The Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Mineirão and, mainly, Estilosantes Campo Grande hay varieties have potential to be used in equine diet.

scholarly journals Prospects of treatment grapes in Crimea with locally produced chelate microfertilizers

2020 ◽  
pp. 216-220
Author(s):  
Наталья Васильевна Алейникова ◽  
Нина Владимировна Цирульникова ◽  
Павел Александрович Диденко ◽  
Елена Аркадьевна Никулина ◽  
Светлана Валентиновна Левченко
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
The South ◽  
Control Chemical ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Phenological Phases

В статье представлены результаты исследований 2018-2019 гг., проведенных в почвенно-климатических условиях Южнобережной зоны виноградарства Крыма по изучению влияния внекорневых подкормок хелатными микроудобрениями Хелат В и Хелатон Экстра на винограде ценного технического сорта Каберне-Совиньон. В ходе исследований не выявлено изменений в продолжительности и сроках наступления фенологических фаз развития винограда на фоне применения изучаемых микроудобрений. Показано положительное влияние данных препаратов на вегетативное и генеративное развитие, количественные и качественные показатели урожая виноградной лозы. Экспериментально установлено, что двукратная внекорневая подкормка винограда изучаемыми микроудобрениями способствовала увеличению урожая в среднем на 11,8 % (0,7 т/га), увеличению прироста куста на 11,3 % (242,2 см3) и вызреванию однолетней лозы на 5 % в сравнении с производственным контролем. В опыте с использованием удобрения Хелатон Экстра отмечено улучшение химического состава ягод: содержание сахаров увеличилось на 8,5 %, содержание титруемых кислот снизилось на 7,1 %. The article presents the results of research of 2018-2019, conducted in the soil and climatic conditions of the South Coast zone of viticulture of Crimea to study the effect of foliar dressing with chelate microfertilizers Chelate B and Chelaton Extra on grapes of valuable wine variety ‘Cabernet-Sauvignon’. The study did not reveal any changes in the duration and timing of phenological phases of grape development on the back of application of the studied microfertilizers. The positive effect of these preparations on vegetative and generative development, quantitative and qualitative indicators of the grapevine yield is shown. It is experimentally established that double foliar processing of grapes with studied microfertilizers contributes to an increase in yield by 11.8% (0.7 t/ha), an increase in the bush growth by 11.3% (242.2 cm3) and ripening of an annual vine by 5% in comparison with production control. Chemical composition of berries was improved in the experiment when using Chelaton Extra fertilizer: sugar content increased by 8.5%, content of titratable acids decreased by 7.1%.

scholarly journals Morphological, Biochemical, and Climatological Analysis of Three Moroccan Henna Verities

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Soukaina El Massoudi ◽  
Meryem Benidir ◽  
Rachida Chabir ◽  
Meryem Benjelloun ◽  
Lahsen El Ghadraoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Chromatographic Study ◽  
Specific Mass ◽  
Total Sugars

In this study, we aimed to evaluate planted Henna in three sites in Morocco, namely, Alnif, Tafraoute Sidi Ali, and Tazzarine. Morphometric study shows that Tafraoute Sidi Ali Henna variety has highest geometric and weight parameters (length of 27.48 mm, width of 10.92 mm, specific mass of 25.1 mg/leaf, leaf area of 51, 53 mm2, and rib’s number of 9.41) when compared to Alnif and Tazzarine varieties. On the other hand, biochemical analysis shows that Tazzarine Henna variety, in the first rank, is characterized by high levels of total sugars (11.27 g/100 g), reducing sugars (5.59 g/100 g), proteins (4.4 g/100g), lipids (3.05 g/100g), phenolic compounds (31.9 g/100 g), flavonoids (5.68 g/100 g), and tannins (5.5 g/100 g). Chromatographic study shows that Tazzarine Henna variety is rich in monocyclic and polycyclic phenolic compounds. Climatic conditions analysis shows that the morphometric and biochemical diversity is related to hydrous and thermal profiles of studied sites. As a conclusion of this work, we can recommend the use of morphometric analysis and phytochemical and chromatographic analysis to determine the quality of Henna in Morocco and elsewhere.

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