scholarly journals A multi-criteria analysis of sewer monitoring methods for locating pipe blockages and manhole overflo

Technobius ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 0006
Author(s):  
Yelbek Utepov ◽  
Alizhan Kazkeyev ◽  
Aleksej Aniskin
Keyword(s):  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
All Solutions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Parameters Measurement ◽  
System Today

This article is devoted to the aggregation of existing methods for monitoring sewerage systems into a single symbiosis, in particular methods for identifying the locations of clogged pipes and manhole overflows. Clogging of sewers is a frequent problem in large cities, entailing overfilling of manholes with sewage and disruption of the whole sewage system. Today, there are several methods for monitoring sewers: visual, acoustic and laser. Each method is represented by a wide range of devices with different characteristics and applications. The analysis identified the main technical and economic characteristics for each solution presented. Then, on the basis of the data obtained, a multi-criteria analysis was made according to several parameters: measurement accuracy, maximum diameter of the inspected pipe, type of pipe, cost. For the most objective selection, each parameter was given its own weight, and all parameters were normalized for their objective comparison. On this basis, all solutions were sorted by maximum values for each criterion, taking into account the selection by weights. As a result of the multicriteria analysis, five combinations of solutions were built, including several monitoring methods.

scholarly journals Management activities in the field of wellness physical health activity of population in large cities of Europe: analysis of approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
Yevgeniy Borodin ◽  
Valerii Makashov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
National Governments

Introduction. WHO has adopted a Strategy for Physical Activity and calls on national governments and local governments to update this area. The priority of this area is most obvious in large cities, whose population leads a predominantly sedentary lifestyle, resulting in an increased risk of disease and general deterioration in health both nationally and globally. The purpose of the study is to study the mechanisms of stimulating the population to develop physical activity, involvement in physical culture and mass sports in the activities of local authorities. Analysis of models of social interaction in order to form the commitment of the population to physical activity with the implementation of this value in all spheres of life. Material and methods - analysis of laws, comparative analysis, logical method. The results of the study - in some countries a network of healthy municipalities has been established and operates as part of the implementation of measures to support physical activity. In the EU, local governments have been paying close attention to this for several decades, accumulating a wide range of tools for effective interaction between government, the public and private sectors. Conclusion - this experience is extremely useful for Ukraine, namely in the study of the functions, forms and methods of physical activity management in large cities, especially in the context of the COVID19 pandemic.

Ukrainian Fashion Houses as Centers of Soviet Fashion Representation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-528
Author(s):  
Olha Korniienko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Light Industry ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
General Orientation ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Wide Range

The study examines Soviet fashion houses as fashion corporations with an extensive structure and a certain autonomy which served as centers for the development and representation of Soviet fashion. These state institutions were created in the capitals and large cities of the Soviet republics. The Moscow All-Union Fashion House acted as a methodological center for fashion houses of all Soviet republics. The Ukrainian SSR was one of the important centers of fashion development in the Soviet Union, and it included six general orientation and five specialized fashion houses, as well as the Ukrainian Institute of Assortment of Light Industry Products and Clothing Culture. Based on a wide range of archival sources and interviews with fashion house workers, the article reveals the structure and operation of Ukrainian fashion houses in the period between 1940 and 1991 and also examine their cooperative endeavors with garment enterprises and research institutions. The technology of clothing production by designers, the processes of approval to which these technologies were subjected by art councils, and the organization of exhibitions in the USSR and abroad are also considered.

A Reinforcement Learning - Great-Deluge Hyper-Heuristic for Examination Timetabling

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ender Özcan ◽  
Mustafa Misir ◽  
Gabriela Ochoa ◽  
Edmund K. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Complete Solution ◽  
Examination Timetabling ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Termination Criteria ◽  
Candidate Solution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Finite Set ◽  
Different Characteristics

Hyper-heuristics can be identified as methodologies that search the space generated by a finite set of low level heuristics for solving search problems. An iterative hyper-heuristic framework can be thought of as requiring a single candidate solution and multiple perturbation low level heuristics. An initially generated complete solution goes through two successive processes (heuristic selection and move acceptance) until a set of termination criteria is satisfied. A motivating goal of hyper-heuristic research is to create automated techniques that are applicable to a wide range of problems with different characteristics. Some previous studies show that different combinations of heuristic selection and move acceptance as hyper-heuristic components might yield different performances. This study investigates whether learning heuristic selection can improve the performance of a great deluge based hyper-heuristic using an examination timetabling problem as a case study.

scholarly journals Proposal of the Inventory Management Automatic Identification System in the Manufacturing Enterprise Applying the Multi-criteria Analysis Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondrej Stopka ◽  
Mária Stopková ◽  
Vladimír Ľupták
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprise ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
The Given

AbstractThe effect of logistics has increased steadily in recent years. In regard to the concept of logistics, it is not only referred to as transportation of goods from place A to place B, as many people believe. Logistics covers a wide range of enterprise (supply chain) processes. It is a whole value-creation chain including not only material flows, but also energy, human resources and valuable information. The objective of this research study is to find issues and risks in the current state of supply, inventory management and warehousing process in the given enterprise. In the study, proposals to streamline the current state in terms of inventory management identification system in particular manufacturing enterprise, which is the primary purpose of the submitted paper, are outlined. The specific result is to develop the proposal to increase efficiency and reduce risk regarding the current situation of inventory management identification system applying suitable techniques of the multi-criteria analysis, in particular by the TOPSIS method and by the WSA method.

Separate Works, Same Behaviors

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Elif Tuba Tamer ◽  
Harika Ozkan
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Employee Behavior ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Different Characteristics

Tourism industry consists of businesses that complement each other but show different characteristics. However, no matter how many different characteristics they have, the success of tourism businesses in an intense competitive environment is based on the employees they have. The attitudes and behaviors that employees develop towards their organizations, one of the basic determining factors of service quality, have the power to influence both organizations, customers, and other employees in a wide range. In organizational cynicism, employees exhibit negative attitudes and behaviors such as resentment, anger, and disbelief towards their organizations. In this context, this study focuses on studying cynicism, which is considered a negative employee behavior, in terms of tourism businesses.

LBM Simulation of Flow Around an Oscillating Cylinder and a Stationary Cylinder in Side-by-Side Arrangement

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Li Sheng ◽  
Jinlong Duan ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Yunxiang You
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Forced Oscillation ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Circular Cylinders ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pitch Ratio ◽  
Response State ◽  
Boltzmann Method ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Flow Interference

Flow interference between two identical circular cylinders in side-by-side arrangement with one stationary and the other forced to oscillate in the transverse direction are studied. Direct numerical simulations are performed by Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) with a constant Reynolds number of 100. We consider four representative pitch ratios, T/D, ranging from 1.2 to 4, corresponding to four distinct flow patterns for two stationary side-by-side cylinders. The forced oscillation is fixed at a constant small amplitude of A/D = 0.1. A wide range of dimensionless oscillating frequency (fe/fs = [0.5, 2]) is examined. The results show that the response state of flow around two side-by-side cylinders when one cylinder is forced to vibrate is quite different from that of the corresponding stationary system. Four response states are identified according to the different characteristics on the power spectra and phase portrait of lift forces on cylinders. In addition, hydrodynamic forces on the cylinders are analyzed in terms of root-mean-square and time-averaged quantities. It is found that the pitch ratio, oscillating frequency and response state play different roles in determining the force quantities.

scholarly journals A Framework for Automatic Behavior Generation in Multi-Function Swarms

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sondre A. Engebraaten ◽  
Jonas Moen ◽  
Oleg A. Yakimenko ◽  
Kyrre Glette
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Moderate Number ◽  
Automatic Behavior ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multiple Tasks ◽  
Behavior Characteristics ◽  
Different Characteristics

Multi-function swarms are swarms that solve multiple tasks at once. For example, a quadcopter swarm could be tasked with exploring an area of interest while simultaneously functioning as ad-hoc relays. With this type of multi-function comes the challenge of handling potentially conflicting requirements simultaneously. Using the Quality-Diversity algorithm MAP-elites in combination with a suitable controller structure, a framework for automatic behavior generation in multi-function swarms is proposed. The framework is tested on a scenario with three simultaneous tasks: exploration, communication network creation and geolocation of Radio Frequency (RF) emitters. A repertoire is evolved, consisting of a wide range of controllers, or behavior primitives, with different characteristics and trade-offs in the different tasks. This repertoire enables the swarm to online transition between behaviors featuring different trade-offs of applications depending on the situational requirements. Furthermore, the effect of noise on the behavior characteristics in MAP-elites is investigated. A moderate number of re-evaluations is found to increase the robustness while keeping the computational requirements relatively low. A few selected controllers are examined, and the dynamics of transitioning between these controllers are explored. Finally, the study investigates the importance of individual sensor or controller inputs. This is done through ablation, where individual inputs are disabled and their impact on the performance of the swarm controllers is assessed and analyzed.

Toward Endografting of the Ascending Aorta: Insight into Dynamics Using Dynamic Cine-CTA

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joffrey van Prehn ◽  
Koen L. Vincken ◽  
Bart E. Muhs ◽  
Gijsbrecht K. W. Barwegen ◽  
Lambertus W. Bartels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Innominate Artery ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose: To evaluate pulsatility and movement along the ascending thoracic aorta using dynamic electrocardiographically-gated 64-slice cine computed tomographic angiography (CTA). Methods: Diameter and area change and center of mass (COM) movement of the ascending thoracic aorta was determined per cardiac cycle in 15 patients at surgically relevant anatomical levels: (A) 5 mm distal to the coronary arteries, (B) 5 mm proximal to the innominate artery, and (C) halfway up the ascending aorta. Additionally, COM movement was determined 1 cm (level P) and 2 cm (level Q) distal from the origins of the innominate, left carotid, and left subclavian arteries. Eight gated datasets covering the cardiac cycle were used to reconstruct images at each level perpendicular to the aortic lumen. The distance between important anatomical landmarks was determined. Results: All levels showed significant cardiac cycle—induced diameter and area changes (p<0.001), with the largest pulsatility 5 mm distal to the coronary arteries. Mean maximum diameter changes were (A) 17.4%±4.8% (range 7.5%–27.5%), (B) 13.9%±3.5% (range 10.6%–25.0%), and (C) 12.9%±3.4% (8.3%–19.6%). Mean area changes were (A) 12.7%±5.5% (range 4.3%–21.8%), (B) 7.5%±2.0% (range 4.1%–11.0%), and (C) 5.6%±2.2% (range 1.9%–11.4%). Mean maximum COM movements were (A) 6.1±2.0 mm (range 2.7–9.0), (B) 2.3±1.1 mm (range 1.1–5.6), and (C) 3.6±1.5 mm (range 1.4–6.5). Mean COM movements of the innominate, left carotid, and left subclavian arteries, respectively, were (P) 1.960.7 mm (range 0.9–3.7), 2.4±0.6 mm (range 1.4–3.3), and 1.9±0.6 mm (range 0.8–2.8), and (Q) 1.8±0.7 mm (range 0.8–3.5), 1.8±0.6 mm (range 0.8–2.7), 1.9±0.6 mm (range 1.1–3.4). Conclusion: The dynamics of the ascending thoracic aorta and the arch vessels are impressive, showing a wide range of 3-dimensional motions. Future ascending arch branched and fenestrated thoracic endograft designs must consider this active local environment, as it may have implications for durability, sealing, and ultimate clinical success.

Research of Methodological Errors of the Air Data System of Aircraft with Stationary Included Receiver of Incoming Air Flow

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 504-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Soldatkin ◽  
V. V. Soldatkin
Keyword(s):  
Measuring System ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Main Rotor ◽  
Helicopter Flight ◽  
Functional Scheme ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Means Of Measurement ◽  
Methodological Errors ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Parameters Measurement

It is shown that the known limitations on the measurement of air parameters on board the helicopter due to significant aerodynamic disturbances introduced by inductive flows of vortex column of main rotor. This determines the need to create the means of measurement, taking into account the aerodynamics and dynamics of the helicopter flight. The known direction of overcoming these limitations is the use for measuring the information of aerodynamic field of vortex column of main rotor and its perception by means of the stationary multi-functional aerometric receiver. However, the need to protect a large number of full-pressure tubes installed in the flow channel of the multifunctional aerometric receiver, strict requirements for the identity and stability of the characteristics of the large number aerometric channels, complicate the design, reduce reliability, increase cost, inhibit the use of the air parameters measurement system on helicopters of various classes and purposes. Principles of construction, functional scheme, features of perception of primary information of measuring system of air parameters of the helicopter with the stationary receiver of a stream, ion-label and aerometric measuring channels are showed. Algorithms for processing primary information at various stages and flight modes, including: in the parking lot before the launch of the power plant and when rotating the rotor, when taxiing and maneuvering on the earth’s surface, on takeoff and landing modes and when flying at low speeds, at flight speeds, when the stationary receiver of primary information leaves the zone of the vortex column of the rotor using ion-label and aerometric measuring channels, are presented. It is shown that the proposed approaches to the construction, models and algorithms for processing the primary information of the measuring system air parameters of helicopter with ion-label and aerometric measurement channels allow to determine the speed and direction of the wind vector, altitude-velocity parameters of motion relative to the environment and atmospheric parameters in a wide range of helicopter operation, which determines its competitive advantages in solving problems of piloting and provide the flight safety of helicopters of different classes and purposes.

Fixed Instrumentation for Monitoring Scour at Bridges

1998 ◽  
Vol 1647 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Lagasse ◽  
E. V. Richardson ◽  
J. D. Schall
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Bridge Piers ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
State Highway ◽  
Scour Monitoring ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection ◽  
State Highway Agencies

Research was conducted to develop, test, and evaluate fixed instrumentation that would be both technically and economically feasible for use in measuring maximum scour depth at bridge piers and abutments. A variety of scour-measuring and scour-monitoring methods were tested in the laboratory and in the field, including sounding rods, driven-rod devices, sonic depth finders (fathometers), and buried devices. Two fixed-instrument systems, a low-cost fathometer, and a magnetic slidingcollar device using a driven-rod approach, showed significant promise during initial testing. The project concentrated on installing and testing these two instrument systems under a wide range of bridge substructure geometry, flow, and geomorphic conditions. Both instrument systems met all of the mandatory and many of the desirable criteria established for this research. Cooperative efforts with state highway agencies proved that both systems can be installed with equipment and technical skills normally available to district-level department of transportation maintenance and inspection personnel. The project also provided installation, operation, and fabrication manuals for the low-cost sonic instrument system and magnetic sliding-collar devices.

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