State predicatives: conceptions, classifications, problems

Proglas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Todorova ◽  
Valentina Stefanova ◽  
Tvetana Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Field ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Semantic Typology

The study aims at presenting the predicatives of state in linguistic research. The existing descriptions of the predicatives expressing state are analyzed in the context of the semantic typology predicatives with a view of their structure and the scope of the semantic field to which they belong. Several classifications are considered that take into account the semantic and syntactic characteristics of state predicatives, outlining achievements and as-yet-unexplored fields.

ABOUT THE CREATION OF A NEW SEMANTIC TYPOLOGIES OF ENGLISH SPATIAL ADVERBS

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
И.А. Жилина ◽  
М.Е. Панкратова
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Method ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Classification Approach ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Semantic Types ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Semantic Typology

Постановка задачи. В статье описан механизм создания новой типологии наречного слова на материале английских пространственных наречий. Рассматриваются существующие подходы к классификации английских наречий, анализируются особенности традиционных типологий. Исследование устанавливает тот факт, что классическое деление наречий на типы не учитывает феномен многозначности слова. В связи с этим предлагается новый способ классификации, учитывающий полисемантичность языковых единиц. Создание подобной типологии становится возможным благодаря применению сопоставительно-параметрического метода лингвистических исследований. Результаты. Установлено, что английские пространственные наречия, помимо собственно пространственных значений, развивают также временные, количественные и качественные семемы. Применение сопоставительно-параметрического метода и разрабатываемых в его рамках формализованных параметров, индексов и шкал позволило выявить степень представленности в семантемах наречий сем пространства, времени, количества и качества и на этом основании выделить восемнадцать семантических типов английского наречного слова. Выводы. Исследование показало возможность применения сопоставительно-параметрического метода для разработки такой семантической типологии наречий, которая учитывает многозначность языковых единиц. Доказанная на примере английских пространственных наречий эффективность применения данного метода для изучения семантики слов говорит о возможности изучения с его помощью других частей речи и разработки новых семантических классификаций. Statement of the problem. The article describes the mechanism for creating a new typology of English spatial adverbs. Existing approaches to the classification of English adverbs have been thoroughly examined, their peculiarities have been analyzed. The study proves the fact that the traditional classifications and typologies of adverbs do not take into account the phenomenon of the polysemy of words. In this paper a new classification approach is proposed. This approach takes into account the polysemantics of linguistic units. The creation of such a typology becomes possible through the use of the comparative-parametric method of linguistic research. Results. It is established that apart from spatial meanings English spatial adverbs also develop temporary, quantitative and qualitative semes. The use of the comparative-parametric method and some formalized parameters, indices and scales allowed to identify the degree of space, time, quantity and quality semes representation in the semanthemes of the adverbs under investigation and on this basis to distinguish eighteen semantic types of English adverbs. Conclusion. The study showed the possibility of using the comparative-parametric method to develop such a semantic typology of adverbs that takes into account the polysemy of linguistic units. The effectiveness of the application of this method for studying the semantics of words, suggests the possibility of studying not only adverbs, but also other parts of speech. Moreover, the comparative-parametric method can be used for creation of other new semantic classifications.

scholarly journals Структурно-семантический анализ пословиц по сходству образного значения и внутренней формы

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Matisaeva ◽  
B. Darbanov
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Literal Meaning ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Similarity And Difference ◽  
Selection Of

В статье проведен структурно-семантический анализ кыргызских и русских пословиц, связанных с отношением человека к его внешнему и внутреннему миру. Авторы пытаются классифицировать соответствующие паремии на разные темы и провести сопоставительный семантический анализ. В лингвистических исследованиях был определен круг значений, который вошел в этот фрагмент семантического поля, а именно внешность обманчива и лицо отражение внутреннего мира . Цель статьи показать сходство и различие кыргызских и русских пословиц путем сопоставления их фразеологического значения, внутренней формы и экспрессивно-оценочных коннотаций. Сопоставительный анализ внутренней формы и образного значения, анализ структуры текста пословиц и их лексических компонентов показал, что в обоих языках присутствуют одни и те же тематические группы, качественный состав которых практически совпадает. Лексическое значение, коннотация и семантика паремий обнаруживают значительные сходства, при наличии некоторых исключений.This article deals with the structural-semantic analysis of Kyrgyz and Russian proverbs related to a persons attitude to his outer and inner world. An attempt was made to classify the corresponding paremias into various thematic groups and to conduct a comparative semantic analysis. In linguistic research a circle of meanings was defined that insert this fragment of the semantic field, exactly appearance is deceiving and face is a reflection of the inner world . The aim of the article is to show the similarity and difference of Kyrgyz and Russian proverbs by comparing their phraseоlogical meanings of internal forms and expressive-evaluative connotations. In the proverbs, the literal meaning coincides with the figurative, and evaluative is the selection of vocabulary and the antonym of the lexical components.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL AND SEMANTIC FIELD OF FREQUENCY IN THE RUSSIAN AND PERSIAN LANGUAGES (BASED ON THE THEORY OF FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-748
Author(s):  
L. Khanjani
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Functional Aspect ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
First Time

This article is devoted to the study of the field of frequency in the understanding of functional grammar. The means of expression of frequency on the material of Russian and Persian languages in the structural-semantic plan are considered. Description of frequency in Russian and Persian in the functional aspect makes it possible to determine the essence and semantic structure of the category under study, as well as to obtain data on the methods of its language expression. A comparative study of frequency expressions in Russian and Persian has not yet been conducted. The purpose of this study is, firstly, to identify the system of meanings mentioned, and secondly, to move in the direction from meaning to form and indicate the totality of the means that are used in the sentence to express these meanings. The main method used was comparative analysis. The lack of linguistic research on this topic indicates the relevance of the choice of topic, and the novelty of the work is that it is the first time that all language means of expression of frequency are systematized. The practical value of the work lies in the fact that the research methodology can be applied to the description of other semantic and functional fields.

THE ROLE OF ANTHROPONYMS IN THE SEMANTIC FIELD OF ARTISTIC WORKS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (29) ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
Lidiya Derbenyova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Minor Part ◽  
The One ◽  
A Minor ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Horizon Of Expectations

The article explores the role of antropoetonyms in the reader’s “horizon of expectation” formation. As a kind of “text in the text”, antropoetonyms are concentrating a large amount of information on a minor part of the text, reflecting the main theme of the work. As a “text” this class of poetonyms performs a number of functions: transmission and storage of information, generation of new meanings, the function of “cultural memory”, which explains the readers’ “horizon of expectations”. In analyzing the context of the literary work we should consider the function of antropoetonyms in vertical context (the link between artistic and other texts, and the groundwork system of culture), as well as in the context of the horizontal one (times’ connection realized in the communication chain from the word to the text; the author’s intention). In this aspect, the role of antropoetonyms in the structure of the literary text is extremely significant because antropoetonyms convey an associative nature, generating a complex mechanism of allusions. It’s an open fact that they always transmit information about the preceding text and suggest a double decoding. On the one hand, the recipient decodes this information, on the other – accepts this as a sort of hidden, “secret” sense.

FUNCTIONAL AND SEMANTIC CHARACTERS OF AN ADDRESS IN UKRAINIAN AND FRENCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (28) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Korolova ◽  
Nadiia Demianova
Keyword(s):  
Field Model ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
The Status ◽  
Semantically Heterogeneous

The vocative function of an address being the basic one is supplemented and modified by a number of other functions actualized in communication, i.e. the phatic one (establishing and developing the contact with the addressee), the status one (reflecting the status responsibility of the communicants), the emotional and attitudinal one (characterizing the addressee and the attitude of the speaker towards the uttered information). Such modification explains the polyfunctional character of the address in communication. All units of address, just like the components of the addressing functional field, are polysemantic and polysemy comprises every type of an address. According to the communicative tasks the following functions can be stated within the vocative one: nominative (naming the addressee), deixis (identifying the addressee), vocative proper (attracting the addressee’s attention). The field model of addresses’ semantic structures allows to research standard and nonstandard vocatives. The standard addresses form the nucleus of the semantic field under research and characterize stability of their application in one of the above-mentioned functions. Nonstandard vocative lexemes (1 % of the total amount of the experimental material) can play the role of an address under certain circumstances. They form semantically heterogeneous (conditioned by a situation) group, located in the periphery area of the semantic field of addresses. The addresses that include anthroponyms form the most widely used group (64,5 % in Ukrainian and 68,1 % in French), the second place belongs to the addresses with appellatives (34,6 % and 29,9 %, correspondingly). As to the composition of appellatives in the status and role addresses they comprise 36,4 % in Ukrainian and 34,9 % in French. Attitudinal addresses reach 63 % and 65,1 %, correspondingly.

THE BALANCE OF PROBABILITY: STATISTICS AND THE DIACHRONIC STUDY OF ANCIENT HEBREW

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 927-960
Author(s):  
Jarod Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Biblical Hebrew ◽  
Large Datasets ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Masoretic Text ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
Diachronic Study

In this article, I discuss three statistical tools that have proven pivotal in linguistic research, particularly those studies that seek to evaluate large datasets. These tools are the Gaussian Curve, significance tests, and hierarchical clustering. I present a brief description of these tools and their general uses. Then, I apply them to an analysis of the variations between the “biblical” DSS and our other witnesses, focusing upon variations involving particles. Finally, I engage the recent debate surrounding the diachronic study of Biblical Hebrew. This article serves a dual function. First, it presents statistical tools that are useful for many linguistic studies. Second, it develops an analysis of the he-locale, as it is used in the “biblical” Dead Sea Scrolls, Masoretic Text, and Samaritan Pentateuch. Through that analysis, this article highlights the value of inferential statistical tools as we attempt to better understand the Hebrew of our ancient witnesses.

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