scholarly journals Структурно-семантический анализ пословиц по сходству образного значения и внутренней формы

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Matisaeva ◽  
B. Darbanov
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Literal Meaning ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Similarity And Difference ◽  
Selection Of

В статье проведен структурно-семантический анализ кыргызских и русских пословиц, связанных с отношением человека к его внешнему и внутреннему миру. Авторы пытаются классифицировать соответствующие паремии на разные темы и провести сопоставительный семантический анализ. В лингвистических исследованиях был определен круг значений, который вошел в этот фрагмент семантического поля, а именно внешность обманчива и лицо отражение внутреннего мира . Цель статьи показать сходство и различие кыргызских и русских пословиц путем сопоставления их фразеологического значения, внутренней формы и экспрессивно-оценочных коннотаций. Сопоставительный анализ внутренней формы и образного значения, анализ структуры текста пословиц и их лексических компонентов показал, что в обоих языках присутствуют одни и те же тематические группы, качественный состав которых практически совпадает. Лексическое значение, коннотация и семантика паремий обнаруживают значительные сходства, при наличии некоторых исключений.This article deals with the structural-semantic analysis of Kyrgyz and Russian proverbs related to a persons attitude to his outer and inner world. An attempt was made to classify the corresponding paremias into various thematic groups and to conduct a comparative semantic analysis. In linguistic research a circle of meanings was defined that insert this fragment of the semantic field, exactly appearance is deceiving and face is a reflection of the inner world . The aim of the article is to show the similarity and difference of Kyrgyz and Russian proverbs by comparing their phraseоlogical meanings of internal forms and expressive-evaluative connotations. In the proverbs, the literal meaning coincides with the figurative, and evaluative is the selection of vocabulary and the antonym of the lexical components.

scholarly journals Ways of Expressing РАДОСТЬ (Happiness / Joy) in Russian Advertising Text

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Kai Yan ◽  
Yuxuan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Text Linguistics ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Selection Of

The article analyzes the ways of expressing the emotion of РАДОСТЬ (HAPPINESS / JOY) in modern Russian advertising texts. The purpose of the article is to identify the main ways of conveying the emotions and emotional states of РАДОСТЬ (HAPPINESS / JOY) and their cultural specificity in the selected Russian advertising texts. To achieve this goal we have formulated the following objectives: 1) To build a lexical and semantic field of the lexeme РАДОСТЬ (“happiness” / “joy”) in Russian; 2) to build an associative field of the lexeme РАДОСТЬ (“happiness” / “joy”) in the Russian language speakers’ consciousness; 3) to identify the main ways of conveying РАДОСТЬ (HAPPINESS / JOY) in the analyzed advertising texts. The sources of materials are: 1) Russian explanatory dictionaries, Russian associative thesauri, and dictionaries of Russian synonyms; 2) a selection of 100 Russian advertising items made by native Russian speakers dating from 11.2019 to 02.2020. In order to create a lexical and semantic field of the lexeme “радость” (happiness / joy), a number of Russian language dictionaries gave been used, for example: the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language” by V. I. Dahl, “Explanatory dictionary of Russian language” edited by D. N. Ushakov, “Dictionary of Russian language” by S. I. Ozhegov and N. Yu. Shvedova, etc. Then we checked on the semantic structure of the lexeme “радость” (happiness / joy) in explanatory monolingual dictionaries of the Russian language as well as in the Dictionary of Synonyms. The Russian associative thesaurus (hereinafter RACES?) was used to build an associative field of the lexeme “радость” (happiness / joy) in the Russian language speakers’consciousness. Based on the analysis, 100 advertising contexts were selected and described with regard to the images conveying the emotion and emotional states of “РАДОСТЬ” (HAPPINESS / JOY), such as facial expression, people’s behaviour, the colour of images). We used descriptive and statistical methods, as well as the methods of semantic analysis and linguo-cultural interpretation. The novelty of the research is that it is by far the first to attempt: 1) To build a semantic field of the lexeme “радость” (happiness / joy) based on the lexicographic analysis; 2) to build an associative field of the given lexeme in the Russian language speakers’ consciousness based on the RACES; 3) to identify the main ways of conveying the emotion РАДОСТЬ (HAPPINESS / JOY) in selected Russian advertising texts; 4) to show cultural specificity of the manifestation of the emotion РАДОСТЬ (HAPPINESS / JOY) in the selected Russian advertising texts. In our opinion, the results obtained during the analysis are relevant to the development of text linguistics and linguoculturology. We hope this work will reveal cultural specificity of the emotion РАДОСТЬ (HAPPINESS / JOY) in Russian linguo-culture, and will contribute to efficient intercultural communication between the speakers of Russian and Chinese languages.

The development of a semantic annotation scheme for Chinese kinship

Corpora ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufang Qian ◽  
Scott Piao
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Annotation ◽  
Corpus Annotation ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Annotation Scheme ◽  
Marital Relations ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Contemporary Chinese

In this paper, we propose a corpus annotation scheme and lexicon for Chinese kinship terms. We modify existing traditional Chinese kinship schemes into a comprehensive semantic field framework that covers kinship semantic categories in contemporary Chinese. The scheme is inspired by the Lancaster USAS (UCREL Semantic Analysis System) taxonomy, which contains categories for English kinship terms. We show how our scheme works with a Chinese kinship semantic lexicon which covers parents, siblings, marital relations, off-spring and same-sex partnerships. The kinship lexicon was created through a pilot study involving the Lancaster University Mandarin Corpus. We foresee that our annotation scheme and lexicon will provide a framework and resource for the kinship annotation of Chinese corpora and corpus-based kinship studies.

scholarly journals Combinatorial-Semantic Analysis of Collocations as a Method of Linguistic Research (on the Example of Colour Collocations Formed by an Adjective Type)

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-57
Author(s):  
M. V. Vlavatskaya
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Natural Languages ◽  
Linear Relations ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation

The article is devoted to the application of the method of complex semantic-syntagmatic analysis of collocations, or combinatorially determined lexical and phraseological units, characterized by structural-semantic integrity and having functional, idio-ethnic and other limitations. The relevance of the work is due to the importance of their study as universal units inherent in all natural languages. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the advisability of using the method of complex analysis of collocations and with its help to identify the semantic, functional, syntagmatic mechanisms of their formation, as well as to discover the universal and specific characteristics of these units. The method is developed in the framework of combinatorial lexicology, studying the linear relations of words and their combinatorial potential. The novelty of the study is in the development of a detailed analysis technique, with the help of which it will be possible to detect the mechanisms of formation of various collocations. The material for study was colour collocations, which are created by the adjective type. An algorithm for performing complex analysis is presented, and the procedure for its implementation is demonstrated. Particular attention is paid to the semantic and combinatorial-syntagmatic blocks as the most important aspects of the study of the compatibility of lexemes in the framework of the combinatorial science of words.

scholarly journals Interaction of comparative struc­tu­res and their elements in modern russian prose

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Nikolina ◽  
Zoya Yu. Petrova ◽  
Natalya A. Fateeva
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Multiple Images ◽  
Semantic Classes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Comparative Constructions ◽  
Semantic Interaction ◽  
Modern Russian

The article explores the interaction of comparative constructions in modern prose. The main objective of the study is to determine the types of interaction between metaphors and similes in the texts of modern Russian prose. The material of the study is the works of Buida, Vodolazkin, Ivanov, Ilichevsky, Matveeva, Pelevin, Rubina, Slavnikova, Sokolov, Sorokin, and Stepnova. The authors employed the methods of description, comparison and the struc­tural-semantic analysis and also took into account the semantic field organisation of lexical units. The article distinguishes between formal and semantic interaction of metaphors and similes. The most obvious manifestation of the formal interaction is the reversibility of tropes. Semantic interaction is based on the semantic coordination of elements of comparative con­structions based on predicate-actant relations or involves a combination of metaphors and similes in the text based on various relations between elements of the same semantic field. Along with the indicated types of interaction, the article describes cases of multiple images of one depicted object and representation of different objects in a unified figurative way. These cases are characterized as a special type of interaction of comparative tropes. The article high­lights the main source domains of interacting tropes. The most frequent semantic classes of metaphors and similes used in interaction contexts are anthropomorphic, zoomorphic and culinary images. In addition to them, mechanistic (including computer), scientific and theat­rical metaphors and similes have been identified. The article shows that the interaction of tropes can be intertextual in a literary text. It is concluded that modern Russian prose is characterized by the interaction of metaphors and similes of different types. This interaction is often associated with the presence of contrast, contextual synonymy, the ‘genus — species’ relation between images of comparative constructions in a text.

scholarly journals ILMU ḤUḌŪRĪ Khazanah Epistemologi Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-120
Author(s):  
Saidurrahman Saidurrahman
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Mystical Experience ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Phenomenal Knowledge ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Existentialist Philosophy ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Knowledge of the presence (ḥuḍūrī) with mystical experience as describe above is deemed the most popular models of knowledge in Islamic philosophy at the same coloring methodology and epistemology of Islam. Through logical arguments, semantic analysis and epistemo¬logy sharp Suhrawardī considered very successfully demonstrate authenticity huduri science as a science model of non-representational. Among the classical epistemological problems that have not been resolved until now -but able to be dissected in clear and distinct- is about the relationship of subject and object of knowledge, that is the problem more acute in modern Western philosophy. What is interesting is when when to review the issues very carefully and consistently Mehdi directing and bringing the students (who interest in Islamic philosophy) into the recesses of the inner world and the dialogue with the depth of their own existence. It is undeniable that Ha'iri Mehdi Yazdi take existentialist philosophy illumination Suhrawardī and MullaṢadrā as a main reference, as he learned the lesson of Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus, Ibn Sīnā, and al-Ṭūsī, citing the idea of a number of Western philosophers were actually familiar with the science huduri that he wanted to offer. However unique, he expertly directs their ideas to the conclusion that it is inevitable for us to acknowledge the existence of non - phenomenal knowledge. Abstrak:Pengetahuan dengan kehadiran (ḥuḍūrī) dibarengai pengalaman mistik seperti yang paprkan diatas dipandang model pengetahuan yang paling populer dalam filsafat Islam sekaligus mewarnai metodologi dan epistemologi Islam. Melalui argumen-argumen logis, analisis semantik dan epistemologi yang tajam Suhrawardī dipandang sangat berhasil mendemonstrasikan keautentikan ilmu huduri sebagai sebuah model ilmu non-representasional. Diantara problem-problem klasik episte-mologis yang belum terselesaikan hingga kini—tetapi mampu dibedah secara clear dan distink—adalah tentang hubungan subjek dan objek pengetahuan, yang problemnya makin akut dalam filsafat Barat modern. Yang menarik adalah ketika ketika mengulas masalah-masalah itu Mehdi sangat cermat dan konsisten mengarahkan dan membawa para murid-muridnya (peminat filsafat Islam) memasuki relung-relung dunia batin dan berdialog dengan kedalaman eksistensi mereka sendiri. Tak dapat dipungkiri bahwa Mehdi Ha’iri Yazdi mengambil filsafat iluminasi Suhrawardī dan eksistensialis MullaṢadrā sebagai acuan utamanya, seraya memetik pelajaran dari Plato, aristoteles, Plotinus, Ibn Sīnā, dan al-Ṭūsī, mengutip gagasan sejumlah filosof Barat yang sebetulnya asing dengan ilmu ḥuḍūrī yang hendak ia tawarkan. Akan tetapi uniknya, dengan piawai ia mengarahkan gagasan-gagasan mereka kepada penarik¬an kesimpulan bahwa adalah tak terelakkan bagi kita untuk mengakui eksistensi pengetahuan non-fenomenal itu. Keywords: ilmu ḥuḍūrī, khazanah, epistemologi, cogito ergo sum, atheisme.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLINGUISTIC FEATURES OF IMAGINATION AS A COMPONENT OF LUDIC COMPETENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Iuliia Kobzieva ◽  
Iia Gordiienko-Mytrofanova ◽  
Serhii Sauta
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Gender Identification ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Psycholinguistic Research ◽  
Inner World

Ludic competence is an integral part of the professional competence of would-be psychologists; the psycholinguistic features of imagination are in turn an integral component of the ludic competence. We used the method of applied psycholinguistic research in order to define and explain the psycholinguistic features of imagination as a component of the ludic competence. The main stage of the research was a free association test with the stimulus word “imagination”, as the most elaborated technique of semantic analysis. The psycholinguistic features of imagination as a notion that belongs to the inner world and as a component of the ludic competence were reflected in everyday linguistic consciousness as three core (more than 10 %) semantic clusters: (a) associates that reflect psychological processes and states (54.5 %); (b) associates that are connected with creative activity (25.5 %); and (c) associates that describe the outside world (11 %). Imagination was mostly represented by lexemes with abstract semantics. The semantic content of the word “imagination” did not depend on gender identification. Both male and female respondents showed a positive emotional attitude to the stimulus “imagination” and evaluated it as something positive. Our data confirm that the psycholinguistic experiment and the method of free association, in particular, can be extensively applied beyond linguistics and prove to be rather effective.

State predicatives: conceptions, classifications, problems

Proglas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Todorova ◽  
Valentina Stefanova ◽  
Tvetana Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Field ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Semantic Typology

The study aims at presenting the predicatives of state in linguistic research. The existing descriptions of the predicatives expressing state are analyzed in the context of the semantic typology predicatives with a view of their structure and the scope of the semantic field to which they belong. Several classifications are considered that take into account the semantic and syntactic characteristics of state predicatives, outlining achievements and as-yet-unexplored fields.

Plotand Event-Driven Functions of Perfect Verbs in a Fiction Text

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Elena A. Bazhenova ◽  
◽  
Ekaterina E. Dymont ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Perfect State ◽  
Mental Action ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Subordinate Clauses ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Inner World

The article examines the role of Russian perfect verbs in text formation. Based on the texts of modern Russian writers (S. Vasilenko, D. Granin, E. Limonov, V. Pelevin, T. Tolstaya, V. Tokareva, L. Ulitskaya), the functions of the verb forms with perfect meaning in the plot organization of a fiction text are considered. The principal attention is paid to the analysis of the functions of 1) regression of the narrative, 2) progress of the narrative with a pause in the external environment or in the inner world of the character, 3) pause in the narrative. Narrative regression is interpreted as a reference to the past, progress as a perspective of the narrative, and pause as a fixation of the state of the environment or the internal state of the character. It has been established that these functions are realized within the framework of a perfect situation as a functional-semantic field. The nucleus of the field is a perfect verb or passive past participles; the periphery of the field is formed by multi-level language units that actualize the perfect meaning in the context. It has been revealed that the perfect situation has a complex semantic structure, in which three components are holistically represented: pre-perfect state, action, and post-perfect state. This structure allows expressing different types of links: between the temporal plans of the text, between the cause of an event and the consequent state of the event, between a mental action and the object of this action. In a fiction text, each component of syncretic perfect semantics can become a basis for the plot situation. It has been shown that plot- and event-driven functions of perfect verbs are determined by the position of the verb in the complex syntactic whole, by interaction with other predicates, by the syntactic structure, and by the lexical meaning of the verb. In particular, it has been established that the function of regression of the narrative is represented by perfect verbs as a part of complex sentences with temporal, causal, and deliberative subordinate clauses. The function of progress of the narrative with a pause in the external environment is performed by perfect verbs inside a complex syntactic whole. This function may also be realized on the border of two complex syntactic wholes. Progress of the narrative with a pause in the inner world of the character is expressed by mental verbs (ponyal, dogadalsya, osoznal, pochuvstvoval, reshil, etc.). A pause in the narrative is typically expressed by passive past participles. The contextual and semantic analysis of perfect situations allows concluding that perfect verbs have an impact on encoding and decoding of the meaning of the fiction text.

Proverbial Lore and Word-Play of the Fulani

Africa ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Arnott
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Oral Literature ◽  
General Study ◽  
Word Play ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Tongue Twisters ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Selection Of

Opening ParagraphThe wit and wisdom of the Fulani, as of other African peoples, are expressed most characteristically in their proverbs and riddles. Their proverbs are amply illustrated by the collections of H. Gaden and C. E. J. Whitting, and a selection of riddles appeared in a recent article in Africa by M. Dupire and the Marquis de Tressan. But there are other types of oral literature—both light and serious—which various writers have mentioned, without quoting examples. So Mlle Dupire refers to formes litteraires alambiquées and ritournelles des enfants bororo, and G. Pfeffer, in his article on ‘Prose and Poetry of the Fulbe,’ speaks of jokes and tongue-twisters. The aim of this article is to present some examples of these types of proverbial lore and word-play—epigrams, tongue-twisters, and chain-rhymes—which were recorded, along with many more riddles and proverbs, in the course of linguistic research during a recent tour of the Fula-speaking areas of West Africa, and to consider their relation to proverbs and riddles. These types of oral literature are of course by no means peculiar to the Fulani, and a number of the examples here quoted may well have parallels in other languages of West Africa or farther afield. But an examination of such pieces in one language may perhaps contribute something to the general study of this kind of lore.

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